Baseball
The Muscular System
1
• What role does
ATP play in
muscle
contraction?
– Answer:
it is the source of
energy for the
sliding filaments
• Which muscle
allows you to
wrinkle your
forehead?
– Answer:
frontalis
2
• What structures
connect muscles
to bone?
– Answer:
tendons
• Where is smooth
muscle located?
Cardiac?
– Answer:
1)smooth: hallow
organs (stomach,
intestine, etc)
2)cardiac:heart
3
• Define origin &
insertion points.
– Answer: 1) points
where muscle attaches
to bone
2) origin :immovable
or less movable point of
attachment (muscle to
bone)
3)insertion: movable
point of attachment
• What is the minimal
strength needed for
muscle contraction?
– Answer:
threshold
4
• What is a
recording of an
electrically
stimulated
isolated muscle
called?
– Answer:
myogram
• Why does skeletal
muscle look
striated?
– Answer:
alternating layers of
light and dark bands
(actin & myosin)
5
• Which diagram
shows a relaxed
sarcomere, 8,9 or
10? Explain why
– Answer:
10…..z lines are
far apart, long
sarcomere
6
• During what time
interval would
the latent period
occur?
– Answer:
0-2.5 msec
7
• Identify area 6 &
indicate the role it
plays in muscle
contraction.
– Answer:
Mitochondrion…
supplies ATPs
8
• What type of
summation is
indicated by
the
myogram?
– Answer:
tetanic
contraction
• What is it called
when muscles
decrease in size
or seem to waste
away.
– Answer:
atrophy
9
• Identify the
• Increasing the angle
fleshy muscle that between to bones is
runs across the
best known as
cheek…whistling flexion, true or
& chewing
false?
muscle
– Answer:
Buccinator
– Answer:
false….extension
10
• Identify the
area labeled
# 5 &6
– Answer:
biceps
brachii &
external
obliques
• Gluteus
maximus was
named how (2
reasons)
– Answer:
gluteal (body
region) & size
(maximus=large)
11
• Identify the
area labeled
# 5 &6
– Answer:
5)deltoid
&
6)trapezius
• What is oxygen
debt?
– Answer: the
amount of
oxygen required
to convert built
up lactic acid
into glucose
12
• Identify the
area labeled #
1&4
– Answer:
1)gluteus
medius &
4)
gastrocnemius
• Why do actin
and myosin
come in contact
with eachother
only some of the
time?
– Answer:
Binding site on
actin is covered
up…preventing
contact
13
• Identify area 7 &
what is found
within it?
– Answer:
synaptic vesicles
contains
neurontransmitters
(like acetylcholine)
14
• Identify
the area
labeled #
10
– Answer:
bucinnator
• Which
muscle helps
you wink?
(name and
number it)
– Answer:
orbicularis
oculi #2
15
• Identify the area
labeled # 1 and
indicate its function
– Answer:
sternocleidomastoi
d allows you to bow
your head
• When a
muscle can no
longer
contract it is
said to be….
– Answer:
fatigued
16
• Identify the
area labeled
# 8&
indicate the
action on #5
– Answer:
sartorius
&
dorsiflexion
of the foot
(tibialis
anterior)
• Identify the
area labeled # 2
to which group
of muscles does
this belong ?
– Answer:
Vastus
medialis….
quadriceps
17
• Identify by name &
number the muscles
that comprise the
hamstrings
– Answer:
9-biceps femoris
8-semitendinosus
7-semimembranosus
• If a muscle fiber
contracts at all,
it will contract
completely….
This is also
known as
– Answer:
all or none
theory
18
• Identify
the area
labeled
# 5
– Answer:
zygomaticus
• Which
muscle
helps you
kiss? (name
and number
it)
– Answer:
orbiculari
s oris #6
19
• Identify the
area labeled
# 4 &6
– Answer:
latissimus
dorsi &
triceps
brachii
• When several
muscles contract at
a time, the one
muscle responsible
for the majority of
movement is called
– Answer:
the prime mover
20
• Identify the
area labeled
# 1, 2 &3
– Answer:
1:A (dark)
band
2: I (light)
band
3: H zone
• What kind of
muscle opposes
or reverses a
movement?
– Answer:
antagonists
21
• Identify
Area #3
– Answer:
Z Line
• What substance
is #4 & 6?
– Answer:
Actin &
Myosin
22
• Identify the
area labeled
# 4 &6
– Answer:
soleus &
peroneus
• One neuron and
all the skeletal
muscle cells it
stimulates is
called a
– Answer:
motor unit
23
• Order the events from first to last
A. Acetylcholine is released from axonal terminal into
synaptic cleft.
B. Sarcomeres contracts
c. Depolarization triggers action potential, travels along
sarcolemma & T tubules.
D. motor end plate is depolarized
E. Action potential arrives at axonal terminal
– Answer: E-->A-->D-->C--->B
24
• Even when a
• An increase in the
muscle is at rest,
number of motor
its fibers usually
units being activated
remain partially
is called
contracted this is
– Answer:
called….
– Answer:
muscle tone
recruitment
25