Rise of the
Totalitarian State
Rise of Dictators
America is looking for a new leader. Examine candidate A & B for the
what you think our country needs. Which candidate would you choose?
Write your answer with a brief reason why. Turn it into the box and start
working on your group work task.
Candidate A
• Make us great again
• Our present leadership is
indecisive, we need a strong,
effective leader
• Rebuild our army to protect
us
• Regain land lost over the
years
• Restore our economic
stability
• Put health of our country
about all else
Candidate B
• No simple or quick solution
to our problem
• Put more people back to
work but economic
recovery will be slow
• Provide for the poor,
elderly, and sick
• Avoid reckless military
spending
• Act responsibly to protect
our democracy
• Be a good country and
honor our debts we owe
The Great Depression [1929-1941]
Paris in 1930
London in 1930
• Germany made 1st reparation payment 1921 but by the next year said it could
not afford to pay any more
•France invaded Industrial Ruhr region of Germany to take wealth from mines &
factories
•Germany workers go on strike – German gov’t prints more $ to pay the strikers
What is Fascism?
• Strong Nationalism
•Destroy the individual & push for common
community (extreme national & racial heritage)
•Denied Civil Liberties
•Strong leader – who represents desires & dreams
of nation
•IL Duce – Italy
•Fuhrer - Germany
•Hated Modern Art, rights for women, and
despised religious factions
•Used Censorship of media
•Created unity through
•Special Salutes
•Military Emblems, Parades, & Rallies
•Absolute Power
•Elite Military Group
From Latin meaning bundle of
sticks – Romans carried as a
symbol of authority and
community
Benito Mussolini
Country: Italy
Date in Power: 1922
Political Party: National Fascist
Party
Type of Government: Fascist
Control
• Secret Police (OVRA)
• Italy was upset over lack of
land gain after WWI –
wanted a strong leader
• Brutal Beating by Black
Shirts
• Propaganda
• Censorship of the media
• Boys/girls educated on
Fascist loyalty
• Regain Roman greatness
• Gained support (factory &
landowner) by defeating
extremist & ending worker
strikes
Policies
• Supported Catholic
Church
• Extreme Nationalism
(Fascism)
• Anti-Socialism
• Anti Communism
Benito Mussolini
Mussolini & his Black Shirt
officers
Joseph
Stalin
Country: USSR
Date in Power: 1929
Political Party: Communist Party
Type of Government: Communist
Control
• Purge – forcefully
remove of enemies &
opponents
• Secret Police
• Prison/labor camps
• State run media
• Used show trial to
torture opponents into
confessing to crimes
Policies
• 5 year plans for industries
• Collectivization of farms
(all farms put under gov’t
control)
• Any peasant who didn’t let
his farm be collected was
killed
• Heavy industries of steel &
iron promoted
• By 1930 – Soviet Union
emerged as a major
industrial power
*It may be never known how many people Stalin had killed but the known
figure stands at 10 million
Gulag – Prison/Labor Camp
Bellwork #4
•Complete the review
question 11- 20 in your Red
Workbook on pgs 241-243
•You can use your chart on
the dictator & Great
Depression notes.
Joseph Stalin
Adolf Hitler
Country: Germany
Date in Power: 1933
Political Party: National Socialist
German Workers Party (NSDAP or
Nazi)
Type of Government: Fascist
Control
•
•
•
•
•
•
SS – personal military
Police Force -Gestapo
Propaganda
State run media
Terror & Repression
Racial Laws (Nuremberg
Laws)
• Concentration & Death
Camps
Policies
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Rearmament
Public works projects
Racism (Anti-Semitism)
Extreme Nationalism
(fascism)
Enabling Act – ignore
Constitution
Mass Demonstration
Hitler Youth
Censorship – book
burnings
Women – nurse, social
workers or mothers
Adolph Hitler
Emperor Hirohito
Japan
• Tojo ran nation, but Hirohito
was “figurehead” or leader
without any real power.
• Invaded Manchuria
• Invaded China
• Set out to build huge
Japanese empire in Asia
• Japan suffered during the
depression from lack of
natural resources
• Date in Power: 1926
• Political Party: Military
• Type of Government:
Militarism, uses
military to achieve
national goals
Japan Invades China
Hideki Tojo – True Leader of Japan