Chemistry: The
Science of
Matter
CHAPTER 1
The Puzzle of Matter

Objectives:

Classify matter according to its composition.

Distinguish among elements, compounds,
homogenous mixtures, and heterogeneous
mixtures.

Relate the properties of matter to structure
A Picture of Matter

Chemistry


Matter


The science that investigates and explains the
structure and properties of matter
Anything that takes up space and has mass
Mass

The measure of the amount of matter that an
object contains
The Macroscopic level of
Matter

Macroscopic

Observations of the composition and behavior of
matter

What you can touch , feel, smell, taste, and see
Submicroscopic Level of
Matter

Looks at the world of the atom
Using Models in Chemistry

Scientific Models


Thinking de vice that helps you understand and
explain macroscopic observations
Classifying Matter

By Composition

Pure substance or Mixture?
Classifying Matter

By Composition

Qualitative


Quantitative


Observation that can be made without measurement
Observation used to measure something
Pure substance or Mixture?

Substance


Matter with the same fixed composition and properties
Mixture

Combination of two or more substances in which the
basic identity of each substance is not changed
The Separation of Mixtures
into Substances

Physical Change


Change in matter that does not involve a change
in the identity of the substance
Physical Properties

Characteristics of a sample of matter that can be
observed or measured without any change in its
identity
Types of Mixtures

Homogeneous- the same throughout

Solution


Alloys


Substance being dissolved
Solvent


Solid solutions that contain different metals and
sometimes nonmetallic substances
Solute


Another name for a homogenous mixture
Substance that dissolves- often times is water
Aqueous solution

Solution where water is the solvent
Substances: Pure Matter

Elements

•
Compounds


Simplest form of matter
Chemical combination of two or more different elements
joined together in a fixed proportion
Formulas of Compounds

Formula

Combination of the chemical symbols that show what
elements make up a compound
Properties and Change of
Matter

Objectives:

Distinguish between physical and chemical
properties

Contrast chemical and physical changes

Apply the law of conservation of matter to
chemical changes
Physical Properties


States of matter

Solid

Liquid

Gas

Plasma
Volatile


Change easily to a gas at room temperature
Density

Amount of matter contained in a unit of volume
Chemical Properties and
Changes

Chemical Properties


Chemical Change


Set of properties that can be observed when there is a
change in the composition of substance
Change of one or more substances into other
substances
Chemical reaction

Another name for chemical change

Decompose
Explode

Rust
Oxidize

Corrode
Tarnish

Ferment
Burn

Rot
Atoms and Chemical
Change

Law of conservation of mass

Law that says that in a chemical change, matter is
neither created nor destroyed
Chemical Change and
Energy

Energy

The capacity to do work

Exothermic


Chemical reactions that give off heat energy
Endothermic

Chemical reactions that absorb or require heat energy
Chapter Review

Section Review 1.2 Questions 6-8 Due at end of
Class or tomorrow first thing!

Chapter Review Questions 10-44

Due Friday