Chapter 2 – Nature of Matter

Section 1 – Describing Matter, p. 58 - 67
Guide for Reading

What kinds of properties are used to describe matter?


What are elements, and how do they relate to compounds?
What are the properties of a mixture?
Standards

8.3.b – Students know that compounds are formed by combining two or more different elements and that compounds have properties that are different from their constituent elements.

Mixtures
Pure Substances
Heterogeneous
Mixture
Homogeneous
Mixture
Solutions
Element
Question 1
Question 2
Question 3
Compound

Matter

Anything that has mass and takes up space

All the “stuff ” around you is matter

Matter can be divided into two categories: mixtures and pure substances
Back to Mind Map

Pure Substances

Substances that are a single kind of matter

Always has the same make up and properties no matter where it comes from

Ex: table salt- always comes from seawater or a salt mine
Back to Mind Map

Elements

A pure substance that CANNOT be broken down into any other substance

They are the simplest substance

Ex: carbon, calcium
Back to Mind Map

Compound

Made up of two or more elements chemically combined

Ex: Water- hydrogen and oxygen
Back to Mind Map

Mixtures

Made up of two or more substances
(elements or compounds) but they DO
NOT chemically combine

They CAN be separated
Granite Rock
Back to Mind Map

Heterogeneous Mixture

You can see the different parts

Separate the parts easily

Ex: Salad or sand and flour
Back to Mind Map

Homogenous Mix - Solutions

A very well mixed mixture

Can’t see or tell that there are different parts even though there are

Ex: sugar water – can’t tell the sugar from the water after mixing
Back to Mind Map

Question 1: c.
d.
a.
b.
What would salt water be considered?
An element
A compound
A solution or homogenous mixture
A heterogeneous mixture
Back to Mind Map

Question 2:
Which is an example of a heterogeneous mixture?
a.
b.
Fruit punch
Sand and rocks c.
d.
Sugar water
Kool-Aid
Back to Mind Map

Question 3:
Matter can be divided into two categories, what are they?
Mixtures and Pure Substances
Back to Mind Map

Properties of Matter

Every form of matter has 2 kinds of properties:

Physical Properties

Chemical Properties

Physical Property

A characteristic of a substance that can be observed without changing it into another substance.

Used to classify matter

Examples include: color, texture, melting point, density, etc.

Chemical Property

A characteristic of a pure substance that describes its ability to change into different substances.

To observe chemical properties, you must try to change it to another substance.

Cannot be observed by just looking at the substance