Name______________________________ Period_____________________ Date_____________
Fall Semester Review Guide - Chapters 1-11 (THIS IS NOT A HOMEWORK ASSINGMENT)
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____
1. What step did Mendel take to be sure that his pea plants cross-pollinated?
a. He used two white plants.
b. He removed the anthers of one plant.
c. He added anthers to both plants.
d. He used plants that were not true breeding.
____
2. What are homologous chromosomes?
a. chromosomes that carry the same set of genes
b. chromosomes that carry different sets of genes
c. chromosomes that are small
d. chromosomes that are large
____
3. Why do sex-linked disorders occur more often in males?
a. Males have two X chromosomes.
b. Males have only one X chromosome.
c. Males have two Y chromosomes.
d. Males have two X and two Y chromosomes.
____
4. Instructions for an inherited trait are called
a. alleles.
b. phenotype.
c. albinism.
d. genes.
____
5. Offspring that are different from both parents are produced by
a. asexual reproduction.
c. sexual reproduction.
b. something going wrong.
d. mitosis.
____
6. What are chromosomes that carry the same sets of genes?
a. twin chromosomes
c. ordinary chromosomes
b. homologous chromosomes
d. asexual chromosomes
____
7. What is a plant that has two dominant genes or two recessive genes called?
a. organism
c. homozygous
b. genotype
d. heterozygous
____
8. Watson and Crick built a DNA model like a
a. long, twisted ladder.
b. piece of twine.
c. straight line.
d. pyramid.
9. The sides of the DNA “ladder” are made of
a. guanine and thymine.
b. adenine and cytosine.
c. sugar and phosphate.
d. helixes and twists.
____
____ 10. DNA is made of subunits called what?
a. proteins
b. deoxyribonucleic acid
c. traits
d. nucleotides
____ 11. What did Watson and Crick’s model of DNA look like?
a. a ball
c. links in a chain
Name______________________________ Period_____________________ Date_____________
b. a straight line
____ 12. Each set of three bases is a code for
a. a specific cell.
b. a specific chromosome.
d. a long, twisted ladder
c. a specific ribosome.
d. a specific amino acid.
____ 13. What is the type of mutation where a base is added to the gene?
a. deletion
c. insertion
b. substitution
d. ultraviolet
____ 14. Along with a sugar and a phosphate, what is the third part of a nucleotide?
a. a base
c. a chromosome
b. a protein
d. a ribosome
____ 15. What is a string of nucleotides called?
a. a ribosome
b. a gene
c. a rule
d. a chromosome
____ 16. Which type of mutation causes sickle cell anemia?
a. substitution
c. deletion
b. insertion
d. mutagen
____ 17. Which is the first step of DNA replication?
a. two complete, identical strands of DNA pair up
b. New nucleotides attach to exposed bases
c. A strand of DNA splits down the middle
d. Adenine and thymine make a base pair
____ 18. What is a trait?
a. different forms of meiosis
b. different forms of a pedigree
c. different forms of chromatids
d. different forms of a characteristic
____ 19. Three bases code for one
a. cell.
b. DNA.
c. protein.
d. amino acid.
____ 20. Fossils indicate that some of the first animals to live on land were
a. crawling insects.
c. large salamanders.
b. dinosaurs.
d. reptiles.
____ 21. Your neighbor reads a newspaper article about fossils of tropical plants being found in a very cold, southern
area of the world. “How can that be?” he asks you. You tell him that
a. it must be an April Fool’s article.
b. the fossil must have been moved to that area after forming.
c. the continents may once have been in very different places than they are now.
d. the plants probably fell in the ocean and were carried to a cold area.
____ 22. After an animal covered in sediment decomposes, what can form?
a. an organism
c. a fossil
b. a set of bones
d. a shadow
____ 23. An example of a rapid change in conditions on Earth is
a. continents moving.
c. organisms adapting.
b. tectonic plates shifting.
d. a meteor striking Earth.
Name______________________________ Period_____________________ Date_____________
____ 24. Cyanobacteria used sunlight to make
a. nitrogen.
b. eukaryotes.
c. cells.
d. food.
____ 25. What gas layer protects Earth from the sun’s radiation?
a. the sedimentary layer
c. the oxygen layer
b. the nitrogen layer
d. the ozone layer
____ 26. In what time period did fish develop and trilobites rule the ocean?
a. the Precambrian time
c. the Paleozoic era
b. the Mesozoic era
d. the Cenozoic era
____ 27. What reptiles of the Mesozoic era are the best known?
a. newts
c. snakes
b. salamanders
d. dinosaurs
____ 28. Which of the following is NOT an example of natural selection?
a. people breeding horses to run faster
b. bacteria populations becoming resistant to antibiotics
c. insect populations developing resistance to certain pesticides
d. male birds of certain species developing colorful feathers to attract female mates
____ 29. What is the process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment survive and reproduce
more successfully than others do?
a. species separation
c. genetic change
b. genetic resistance
d. natural selection
____ 30. What evidence of natural selection is available today that was not available to Darwin?
a. Organisms inherit traits.
b. Differences in genes create variation.
c. Humans can breed organisms for specific traits.
d. There is great variation among organisms.
____ 31. A specific characteristic that can be passed from parent to offspring is called a
a. resistance.
c. genetic change.
b. sediment.
d. trait.
____ 32. What process would farmers use to produce vegetables that will grow in a specific climate?
a. natural selection
c. selective breeding
b. evolution
d. genetic variation
____ 33. A spider may produce hundreds of eggs, only a few of which may survive. This is an example of
a. overproduction.
c. genetic change.
b. speciation.
d. division.
____ 34. Which of the following is NOT an example of natural selection?
a. elephants passing the tuskless trait to their offspring
b. male birds developing extremely colorful displays of feathers
c. insects developing pesticide resistance
d. dog owners breeding their pets to produce friendlier offspring
____ 35. What did Charles Darwin help to explain?
a. the age of Earth
c. how fossils are formed
Name______________________________ Period_____________________ Date_____________
b. how species change over time
d. genetics
____ 36. Which of the following is NOT a result of natural selection?
a. horses that are bred to be faster
b. insects that are able to resist insecticides
c. bacteria that survive antibiotics
d. elephants that are born without tusks
____ 37. The scientific name for an organism comes from its
a. main characteristic.
c. order and class.
b. kingdom and phylum.
d. genus and species.
____ 38. What can you find out by working through a dichotomous key in order?
a. the identity of an organism
b. how long slime mold can live
c. when a species first appeared on Earth
d. how many birds migrate north to south in winter
____ 39. What is the science of taxonomy?
a. naming plants and animals
b. describing, classifying, and naming living things
c. measuring living things
d. taking pictures of living things
____ 40. How do fungi take in and use nutrients from their surroundings?
a. They capture and kill them.
c. They absorb and chew them.
b. They chop and swallow them.
d. They absorb and digest them.
____ 41. Which of the following is not classified by biologists?
a. living things
c. plants
b. extinct organisms
d. rocks
____ 42. How did Carolus Linnaeus classify all living things?
a. by their age
b. by the way they related to humans
c. by their shape and structure
d. by their ability to live in cold or hot environments
____ 43. The seahorse found along the Atlantic Coast of the United States has the scientific name Hippocampus
hudsonius. What is the seahorse’s species?
a. fish
c. Hippocampus
b. horse
d. hudsonius
____ 44. For hundreds of years, all organisms were classified as either plants or
a. soil.
c. animals.
b. nonliving.
d. microscopic organisms.
____ 45. Which of the following is NOT true of bacteria?
a. Bacteria change nitrogen into a form plants can use.
b. Bacteria change oxygen into nitrogen.
c. Bacteria change the sugar in milk to lactic acid.
d. Bacteria change harmful chemicals into harmless ones.
____ 46. What organism can live where nothing else lives?
Name______________________________ Period_____________________ Date_____________
a. viruses
b. eubacteria
c. cyanobacteria
d. archaebacteria
____ 47. What is one function that viruses share with living things?
a. They eat.
c. They reproduce.
b. They move.
d. They grow.
____ 48. Viruses reproduce by
a. nitrogen fixation.
b. the lysogenic cycle and the lytic cycle.
c. the lytic cycle only.
d. binary fission.
____ 49. What type of medicine is used to kill bacteria?
a. antiviral
c. vaccine
b. insulin
d. antibiotic
____ 50. Which of the following is an example of genetic engineering?
a. using microorganisms to clean up an oil spill
b. using bacteria to make yogurt
c. creating plants that are resistant to bacteria
d. adding nitrogen-fixing bacteria to the soil before planting crops
____ 51. The genetic material of the virus is inactive within the host cell during
a. the lysogenic cycle.
c. binary fission.
b. bioremediation.
d. the lactic cycle.
____ 52. Which of the following is NOT a true statement about binary fission?
a. The cell’s DNA is copied before cell division.
b. As the cell grows, the loops of DNA become separated.
c. The DNA and its copy attach to the inside of the cell membrane.
d. The new bacterium is genetically different from the parent bacterium.
____ 53. How do bacteria help the environment?
a. Bacteria keep nitrogen away from plants.
b. Bacteria recycle dead animals and plants.
c. Bacteria cause disease.
d. Bacteria cause cavities.
____ 54. What organism can live where no other organisms live?
a. archaebacteria
c. cyanobacteria
b. eubacteria
d. viruses
____ 55. What is one way to prevent viral infections?
a. bioremediation
b. genetic engineering
c. vaccinations
d. antibiotics
____ 56. Most protists are made of how many cells?
a. four
b. three
c. two
d. one
____ 57. What do chloroplasts do?
a. capture energy from the sun
b. give the protist its shape
c. eat other organisms
d. help the protist move
Name______________________________ Period_____________________ Date_____________
____ 58. What do you call the process where a single-celled protist asexually divides into two cells?
a. conjugation
c. multiple fission
b. binary fission
d. single-cell fission
____ 59. When scientists divide protists into producers, heterotrophs that can move, and heterotrophs that cannot move,
how are they grouping the protists?
a. by their color
c. by their shared traits
b. by their size
d. by where they live
____ 60. Which of the following provides most of the world’s oxygen?
a. phytoplankton
c. amoebas
b. seaweed
d. zooflagellates
____ 61. What do protists NOT have that other eukaryotic organisms have?
a. a nucleus
c. chlorophyll
b. specialized tissues
d. chloroplasts
____ 62. Which type of organism makes its own food?
a. protist producer
b. heterotroph
c. decomposer
d. parasite
____ 63. In asexual reproduction, how many parents are there?
a. one
c. three
b. two
d. four
____ 64. Most of the world’s seaweeds are what type of protist producer?
a. brown algae
c. green algae
b. diatoms
d. red algae
____ 65. What are eukaryotic heterotrophs with rigid cell walls and no chlorophyll called?
a. algae
c. spores
b. hyphae
d. fungi
____ 66. Which of the following is a heterotroph that is so different from other organisms that it was placed in its own
kingdom?
a. algae
c. spore
b. fungi
d. mold
____ 67. When fungi live on the roots of plants, how are they obtaining nutrients?
a. by budding
c. by photosynthesis
b. by conjugation
d. by mutualism
____ 68. Where do most types of algae live?
a. in dirt
b. in water
c. in sand
d. in plants
____ 69. Which of the following is NOT a true statement about fungi?
a. Fungi are consumers.
b. All fungi are multicellular.
c. All fungi are made up of eukaryotic cells.
d. Many fungi are decomposers.
____ 70. How are dinoflagellates and euglenoids different from the other plantlike protists?
Name______________________________ Period_____________________ Date_____________
a. They can photosynthesize.
b. They can move.
c. They have no pigments.
d. They are large.
____ 71. Which of the following are NOT characteristics of zooflagellates?
a. They use flagella to move.
b. They are all parasites.
c. They live in the water or in a host organism.
d. They are all protozoa.
____ 72. If you make an observation of a living thing and then ask a question about what you observed, you are
a. noticing the diversity of life.
b. behaving like a life scientist.
c. solving a problem.
d. learning how to protect the environment.
____ 73. For every organism that has ever lived,
a. there is only one question to ask.
b. many questions could be asked.
c. every question has already been asked.
d. every question has already been answered.
____ 74. A hypothesis is
a. a fact.
b. a type of question.
c. a possible answer to a question.
d. an experiment.
____ 75. A unifying explanation for a broad range of observations, facts, and tested hypotheses is called a
a. theory.
c. hypothesis.
b. law.
d. conclusion.
____ 76. A scientist who wants to study the possible side effects of a new medicine would probably
a. give each experimental group the same dose of medicine.
b. simply ask the subjects about the medicine’s effects.
c. include a control group that received no medicine.
d. use different numbers of subjects in each treatment group.
____ 77. In a scientific experiment, a hypothesis that cannot be tested is always considered to be
a. incorrect.
c. not useful.
b. illogical.
d. a theory.
____ 78. What is one advantage of using the International System of Units?
a. It is based on measurements of common body parts.
b. It includes easily understood units of measure, such as pounds.
c. Almost all units are based on the number 10.
d. It was developed in France.
____ 79. What term refers to the amount of space an object takes up?
a. volume
c. area
b. mass
d. length
____ 80. An organ consists of
a. two or more tissues.
b. a group of cells.
____ 81. An organ system has
c. two or more systems.
d. nerves and muscles.
Name______________________________ Period_____________________ Date_____________
a. one kind of tissue.
b. only one function.
c. two or more organs.
d. one main kind of cell.
____ 82. Even simple multicellular organisms can have
a. organs.
c. systems.
b. specialized cells.
d. colonies.
____ 83. What part of the cell keeps the cell membrane from collapsing?
a. cell wall
c. cytoskeleton
b. cytoplasm
d. nucleus
____ 84. A cell’s nucleus contains DNA, which carries genetic material with
a. ribosomes.
c. the endoplasmic reticulum.
b. the cytoskeleton.
d. instructions for how to make protein.
____ 85. What part of the cell acts as the cell’s delivery system?
a. nucleus
c. mitochondrion
b. nucleolis
d. endoplasmic reticulum
____ 86. Energy released by a cell’s mitochondrion is stored in
a. ATP.
c. the ER.
b. DNA.
d. RNA.
____ 87. A large vesicle that aids in digestion within plant cells the way lysosomes do is called
a. an enzyme.
c. a mitochondrion.
b. a vacuole.
d. a nucleolus.
____ 88. What are all organisms made of?
a. plants
b. protists
c. cells
d. eggs
____ 89. Which two things must be compared to explain why almost all cells are small?
a. surface area and volume
b. the shell and the yolk
c. food production and waste elimination
d. membranes and organelles
____ 90. Protists are a group of organisms that include
a. only prokaryotes.
b. only eukaryotes.
c. only small organisms found in pond water.
d. both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
____ 91. What is cytoplasm?
a. the nucleus of a cell
b. the fluid inside a cell
____ 92. What does the Golgi complex do in a cell?
a. It packages and distributes proteins.
b. It is the power source of the cell.
c. It makes sugar and oxygen.
d. It makes proteins.
____ 93. What is the job of the lysosmes?
c. the genetic material in a cell
d. the proteins in a cell
Name______________________________ Period_____________________ Date_____________
a. They store water.
b. They digest food particles.
____ 94. Diffusion allows materials to
a. move in and out of cells.
b. grow larger.
c. They make new cells.
d. They package proteins.
c. get rid of large particles.
d. produce energy.
____ 95. Passive transport occurs when small particles move from
a. outside a cell to inside a cell.
b. areas of lower concentration to areas of higher concentration.
c. areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration.
d. inside a cell to outside a cell.
____ 96. What do all organisms need in order to live?
a. sunlight
b. exercise
c. energy and raw materials
d. shelter
____ 97. What helps wilted plants become firm during osmosis?
a. sunlight
c. energy
b. water
d. heat
____ 98. Where is chlorophyll located?
a. in chloroplasts
b. in mitochondria
c. in cell membranes
d. in pigments
____ 99. What is smallest unit that can perform all the processes necessary for life?
a. cell
c. organelle
b. nucleus
d. protist
____ 100. Where does photosynthesis take place in a cell?
a. in the nucleus
c. in the chloroplasts
b. in the mitochondria
d. in the ribosomes
Completion
Complete each statement.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
heredity
genotype
dominant traits
recessive traits
probability
sex chromosomes
phenotype
pedigree
allele
101. An organism’s inherited alleles together form its _______________________.
102. Only one parent cell is needed in ____________________ reproduction.
103. A true-breeding plant with purple flowers will always have plants with ____________________.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
genes
pedigree
color blindness
X chromosomes
Name______________________________ Period_____________________ Date_____________
104. Females have two _______________________ and males have one X and one Y.
105. To trace a family trait through many years, you can use a ____________________.
106. Men only have one set of X chromosome genes. Because of this, they are more likely to have
_______________________.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
nucleotides
mutagens
thymine
mutations
genetic engineering
protein
ribosome
cytosine
replicate
amino acids
107. When sequences of base pairs are copied incorrectly, they are called ____________________.
108. The pairing of bases allows cells to ____________________.
109. As mRNA and tRNA go through the ribosome, the adenine and the ____________________ will pair.
110. Although DNA provides the instructions, your straight or curly hair is most likely due to a(n)
____________________?
111. In the ribosome, mRNA gives instructions for the ____________________ that tRNA should drop in a chain
that will become a protein.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
Cenozoic
Mesozoic
Precambrian time
Paleozoic
112. The time when life began was the _________________________.
113. The era known as the Age of Reptiles was the ____________________.
114. Species producing more offspring than will survive to maturity is the part of natural selection called
____________________.
115. Individuals in a population having traits that either increase or decrease their chance of survival is the part of
natural selection called _________________________.
116. Thomas Malthus developed a theory on the principle of ____________________ growth, which helped Darwin
form his own theory about evolution and natural selection.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
genetic code
reproduce
well adapted
natural selection
behavioral
environment
generation time
Name______________________________ Period_____________________ Date_____________
117. The theory of natural selection explains how a population changes in response to its ____________________.
118. If natural selection is taking place, a population will tend to be ____________________ to its environment.
119. The individuals that are likely to survive and ____________________ are the ones that are the best adapted at
the time.
120. After the 1850s, pollution caused tree trunks to become darker. The dark peppered moth could blend in with the
dark tree trunks, which kept them from being eaten by predators, and the dark peppered moth population
increased. This is an example of _________________________ in action.
121. The time between one generation of offspring and the next is _____________________.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below. Some terms will not be used.
evolution
selective breeding
offspring
ancestors
trait
selection
speciation
natural selection
resistant
122. When two isolated groups of a species begin to adapt differently to their environment, the process of
____________________ is underway.
123. Farmers and animal breeders choose to breed animals with desirable traits in a process known as
_________________________.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
Animalia
Plantae
Fungi
Eubacteria
Protista
Archaebacteria
classes
124. Kingdoms are sorted into phyla, and phyla into ____________________.
125. Members of kingdom ____________________ are able to survive in some of the world’s harshest
environments, where other organisms cannot exist.
126. Members of kingdom ____________________ are eukaryotes with nuclei and membrane-bound organelles,
yet they are not plants, animals, or fungi.
127. If an underground gasoline tank leaks, it may be possible to clean up the spilled gasoline through
_______________________.
128. Antibiotics can be used to kill many _______________________, but they are useless against viruses.
129. AIDS is caused by a(n) _______________________.
130. Colds and flu are caused by _______________________.
Name______________________________ Period_____________________ Date_____________
131. A scientist involved in cloning would need to have a good understanding of _______________________.
Use the following terms to complete the sentences below.
binary fission
endospores
nitrogen fixation
lytic
anti-viral
132. A type of medicine that stops viruses from reproducing is a(n) _____________________.
133. Bacteria reproduce by _____________________.
134. Club fungi produce special hyphae that develop ____________________.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
decomposers
phytoplankton
mold
heterotrophs
135. Organisms that cannot make their own food are called ____________________.
136. Heterotrophs that get energy by breaking down dead matter are called ____________________.
137. Free-floating, single-celled algae are called ____________________.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
mass
electron microscope
scientific methods
theory
volume
technology
hypothesis
compound light microscope
138. The ____________________ of something is defined as the amount of space it occupies.
139. A life scientist would use a(n) ______________________________ to magnify a living specimen.
140. A set of related hypotheses that are supported by evidence may become accepted as a ____________________.
141. Using _________________________, scientists follow steps to answer questions and solve problems.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
cell
organ
nucleus
tissue
multicellular
system
142. DNA, the genetic material in cells, is located in a eukaryotic cell’s ____________________.
143. A structure made of two or more tissues working together is called a(n) ____________________.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
diffusion
photosynthesis
Name______________________________ Period_____________________ Date_____________
homologous chromosomes
binary fission
exocytosis
active transport
osmosis
cellular respiration
endocytosis
144. Particles move randomly from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration during
___________________.
145. Plants produce their own food by the process of ___________________.
146. Food molecules that are too large to pass easily through the cell membrane can enter the cell by
___________________.
147. The diffusion of water through a membrane is called ___________________.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
exocytosis
fermentation
endocytosis
cellular respiration
carbon dioxide
mitosis
148. Cells divide into two new cells by the process of ___________________.
149. In the process of ___________________, cells bring in large particles.
150. Breaking down food for energy without using oxygen is ___________________.
Matching
Match each item with the correct statement.
a. guanine
b. chromosomes
c. replication
d. amino acids
e. mutagen
f. thymine
g. proteins
____ 151. the stage at which a DNA molecule is split down the middle
____ 152. the base complementary to adenine
____ 153. the base complementary to cytosine
____ 154. a physical or chemical agent that can cause a mutation
____ 155. what scientists may produce through engineering that will help people with diseases
____ 156. what strands of DNA in cells with a nucleus are
____ 157. what transfer RNA molecules pick up and match up with messenger RNA
Match each item with the correct statement.
a. Cenozoic
b. australopithecines
c. paleontologists
g. mass extinction
h. Homo
i. Pangaea
Name______________________________ Period_____________________ Date_____________
d. half-life
e. Neandertal
f. tectonic plates
j. cyanobacteria
k. Homo sapiens
l. dinosaur
____ 158. reptile type that dominated the Mesozoic era
____ 159. the era we live in today
____ 160. scientists who use fossils to study the history of life before humans
____ 161. the time it takes for half the unstable atoms in a rock sample to decay
____ 162. event that may be caused by extreme changes in climate
____ 163. what continents and oceans ride on top of
____ 164. the name for continents in one landmass surrounded by gigantic ocean
Match each item with the correct statement.
a. endospore
b. eukaryote
c. cynobacteria
d. eubacteria
e. archaebacteria
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
binary fission
prokaryote
flagella
methane maker
heat lover
____ 165. reproduction in which a single-celled organism splits into two single-celled organisms
____ 166. a type of archaebacteria that lives in swamps and animal intestines
____ 167. hairlike parts of bacteria that help them move around
____ 168. an organism with a nucleus
____ 169. the most common kind of bacteria
____ 170. a single-celled organism with no nucleus
____ 171. bacteria that contain the green pigment chlorophyll
____ 172. bacteria that often live in harsh environments
____ 173. a type of archaebacteria that lives in ocean vents and hot springs
Match each item with the correct statement.
a. oxygen
b. lytic cycle
c. host
d. protein coat
e. antibiotics
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
shape
antiviral
virus
vaccinations
lysogenic cycle
____ 174. a microscopic particle that gets inside a cell and often destroys it
____ 175. a cycle in which a virus’s genes live in a host but are inactive
____ 176. the substance that protects a virus’s genetic material and helps it get inside a cell
____ 177. a way to prevent viral infections
Name______________________________ Period_____________________ Date_____________
____ 178. a cycle in which a virus attacks a host and causes it to make viruses
____ 179. something viruses cannot use
____ 180. one way viruses are grouped
____ 181. medicine that does not kill viruses
____ 182. a living thing that a virus or parasite lives on or in
____ 183. a type of medicine that keeps viruses from reproducing
Match each item with the correct statement.
a. archaebacteria
b. cell membrane
c. eubacteria
d. eukaryote
e. nucleus
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
organelle
prokaryote
ribosomes
surface area-to-volume ratio
cytoplasm
____ 184. tiny, round organelles made of protein and other material
____ 185. the fluid inside a cell
____ 186. the reason that most cells are limited to a very small size
____ 187. small bodies in a cell’s cytoplasm that are specialized to perform specific functions
____ 188. in a eukaryotic cell, an organism that contains the cell’s DNA and that has a role in growth, metabolism, and
reproduction
____ 189. an organism that consists of a single cell that does not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles
____ 190. prokaryotes that are the smallest cells and that have ribosomes
____ 191. prokaryotes that include extremophiles, organisms that live in extreme conditions
____ 192. an organism made up of cells that have a nucleus enclosed by a membrane as well as membrane-bound
organelles
Match each item with the correct statement.
a. cell membrane
b. cell wall
c. chloroplasts
d. cytoskeleton
e. endoplasmic reticulum
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
Golgi complex
lysosomes
mitochondrion
nucleus
ribosomes
____ 193. a rigid structure that gives support to a cell
____ 194. a barrier that encloses and protects the cell
____ 195. organelles that make proteins
____ 196. a system of folded membranes that functions as the internal delivery system of a cell
____ 197. an organelle that functions as the main power source of a cell, breaking down sugar to produce energy
____ 198. the organelle that packages and distributes proteins
Name______________________________ Period_____________________ Date_____________
____ 199. organelles that contain digestive enzymes
____ 200. a large organelle that produces and stores the cell’s DNA
Essay
INTERPRETING GRAPHICS
Use the picture below to answer the following questions.
201. What does A represent in the diagram above?
202. What can you conclude about the content of the fluid surrounding the cell? Explain.
Other
Match the labels to the parts of the drawing.
a. cytokinesis
b. mitosis
c. interphase
d. phase 3
e. the cell cycle
f. phase 2
203. _____ the name of this process
204. _____ stage at which chromosomes are copied
205. _____ the four stages of cell division
206. _____ stage at which homologous chromosomes pair up along the equator of the cell
207. _____ the division of cytoplasm
208. _____ stage at which the chromatids separate and move to opposite sides of the cells
Name______________________________ Period_____________________ Date_____________
CONCEPT MAPPING
209. Use the following terms to complete the concept map below.
decomposers
consumers
ocean vents
swamps
Dead Sea
heat lovers
methane makers
dead organisms
food they make
Name______________________________ Period_____________________ Date_____________
Fall Semester Review Guide - Chapters 1-11 (THIS IS NOT A HOMEWORK ASSINGMENT)
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
B
A
B
D
C
B
C
A
C
D
D
D
C
A
B
A
C
D
D
A
C
C
D
D
D
C
D
A
D
B
D
C
A
D
B
A
D
A
B
D
Name______________________________ Period_____________________ Date_____________
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
83.
84.
85.
86.
87.
D
C
D
C
B
D
C
B
D
C
A
D
B
A
C
C
A
B
C
A
B
A
A
D
D
B
D
B
B
B
B
B
B
C
A
C
C
C
A
A
C
B
C
D
D
A
B
Name______________________________ Period_____________________ Date_____________
88.
89.
90.
91.
92.
93.
94.
95.
96.
97.
98.
99.
100.
C
A
D
B
A
B
A
C
C
B
A
A
C
COMPLETION
101.
102.
103.
104.
105.
106.
107.
108.
109.
110.
111.
112.
113.
114.
115.
116.
117.
118.
119.
120.
121.
122.
123.
124.
125.
126.
127.
128.
129.
130.
genotype
asexual
purple flowers
X chromosomes
pedigree
color blindness
mutations
replicate
thymine
protein
amino acids
Precambrian time
Mesozoic
overproduction
inherited variation
population
environment
well adapted
reproduce
natural selection
generation time
speciation
selective breeding
classes
Archaebacteria
Protista
bioremediation
pathogenic bacteria
virus
viruses
Name______________________________ Period_____________________ Date_____________
131.
132.
133.
134.
135.
136.
137.
138.
139.
140.
141.
142.
143.
144.
145.
146.
147.
148.
149.
150.
genetic engineering
antiviral
binary fission
basidia
heterotrophs
decomposers
phytoplankton
volume
compound light microscope
theory
scientific methods
nucleus
organ
diffusion
photosynthesis
endocytosis
osmosis
mitosis
endocytosis
fermentation
MATCHING
151.
152.
153.
154.
155.
156.
157.
C
F
A
E
G
B
D
158.
159.
160.
161.
162.
163.
164.
L
A
C
D
G
F
I
165.
166.
167.
168.
169.
170.
171.
172.
F
I
H
B
D
G
C
E
Name______________________________ Period_____________________ Date_____________
173. J
174.
175.
176.
177.
178.
179.
180.
181.
182.
183.
H
J
D
I
B
A
F
E
C
G
184.
185.
186.
187.
188.
189.
190.
191.
192.
H
J
I
F
E
G
C
A
D
193.
194.
195.
196.
197.
198.
199.
200.
B
A
J
E
H
F
G
I
ESSAY
201. Answers will vary. Sample answer: A represents the heads of phospholipid molecules.
202. Answers will vary. Sample answer: The fluid surrounding the cell must contain water. The heads of
phospholipid molecules are attracted to water, but the tails are not.
OTHER
203.
204.
205.
206.
207.
208.
E
C
B
F
A
D
Name______________________________ Period_____________________ Date_____________
209. a. heat lovers, b. methane makers, c. ocean vents, d. swamps, e. Dead Sea, f. decomposers, g. consumers, h.
dead organisms, i. food they make