Circulatory Unit PPT
Chapter Abbreviations
• Using packet B.
• Please put back when you are finished
Word parts practice:
Word part definitions:
•TRY first without the packet
• Use packet A
• Put back when finished
Lab station work:
• Working with your lab group try to come up with as many words by
just using your WORD PARTS chart.
• Write them out with shiny desk materials
Lab station work examples
• Arteriomalacia
• Atherosclerosis
• Coagulation
• Hemoglobin
• Normal
• Circulation
• pulmonary
Chapter reading:
• Please read pages 185-88
Circulatory Vocab
• Using your Word part charts fill
in your vocabulary chart
W.A.: Instructions
• From website:
• Click circulatory
• Click on website assignment worksheet. (recommended to print this one)
• http://app.discoveryeducation.com/player/view/assetGuid/E2964DE9-60674C4B-9B37-EA2A4C499994
Circulatory coloring
• You will be in
your lab stations
• Change colors
when you meet
an “X”
• Answer the
questions when
you are finished
What do you know?
• What are 3 Types of blood vessels?
• What color are they?
• Why are they different colors?
• What is blood made up of?
Components of blood
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R-sKZWqsUpw
Components of Blood: take
notes on your WA worksheet
• Solid components:
• Erythrocytes
•
•
•
•
Contain hemoglobin
Live about 120 days
Made by red marrow in bones
Liver and spleen remove dead RBC’s
• Leukocytes
• Thrombocytes
Components of Blood: take
notes on your WA worksheet
• Solid components:
• Erythrocytes
• Leukocytes
• Function: to fight disease and
infection
• Fewer WBC than RBC
• Larger than RBC
• Live about 9 days
• Move out of the blood vessels into
lymph tissue to help with immunity
• Pus = WBC and bacteria
• Thrombocytes
WBC break down
• Make a chart on your W.A. worksheet.
WBC
function
Basophil
Eosinophils
Neutrophils
Lymphocytes
Monocytes
• Using pages 187-88 fill in the function of each WBC
Components of Blood: take
notes on your WA worksheet
• Solid components:
• Erythrocytes
• Leukocytes
• Thrombocytes
•
•
•
•
Help with clotting
Produced in red bone marrow
Live about 10 days
Clotting process: platelets stick to
damaged tissue and to each other.
Group together to control blood loss
from blood vessel.
Components of Blood: take
notes on your WA worksheet
• Liquid component:
• Plasma
• Whole blood = 55% plasma
• Made up of:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Water
Protein
Salts
Nutrients
Vitamins
hormones
Components of blood review: Desk Review
Components
of blood
B
E
N
L
M
Blood Types
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ttjn1jVACk8
Blood Typing
Key Terms
• Antigens: foreign object, pathogen
• Antibodies: proteins secreted by lymphocytes
• Antibodies bond with antigens = lock and key phenomenon
Antigen = lock
antibody = key
Blood Type Inherited
• Each person inherits 2 genes.
• Dominant genes
• Are A and B
• Shown as “I”
• EX:
• Recessive genes
•O
• Shown as “i”
• Ex:
Punnett Square
4 Blood Types
• Blood type is determined by antigens on the surface of RBC
•A
• Only A antigens
•B
• Only B antigens
• AB
• Both A and B antigens
•O
• Neither A or B antigens
• Your immune system has a tolerance against it own antigens.
(you like your own antigens)
EX: Antigen
A
type
A blood. It will NOT form anti-A antibodies.
Blood Type
Antigens on RBC’s
Antibodies in Plasma
A
A
Anti - B
B
Complete the table showing which blood can be
safely transfused from the donor to recipient.
Recipient
D
O
N
O
R
Blood Type
A
B
AB
O
A
+
B
AB
O
Transfusions
• Need to mix serum of the patient with the blood cells of the donor.
• If Type A gets matched with Type B then antibodies will clump
together
• If this test is not done hemolysis (rupture of blood cells) can occur
Blood
• Type O Blood
• Universal donor
• Because it lacks A and B antigens
• Type AB Blood
• Universal recipients because they lack anti-A and anti-B antibodies.
• (they won’t attack new blood coming in)
Rh Factor Antigen
• Found in RBC
• Rh- : people who do not have antigens on RBC
• Rh+ : people who do have the antigen on RBC
• About 85% of Americans are Rh+
• If RH + blood is given to Rh- then the body thinks it is an invading
pathogen and starts to form antibodies for the lock and key
Rh Factor Health Concerns
• When an Rh- mother delivers an Rh+ baby, some of the baby’s blood
may contact the blood of the mother
• The mother’s blood then forms antibodies against Rh+ RBC
• If the mother has another Rh+ pregnancy the antibodies will attack
the baby’s blood causing erythroblastosis fetalis.
Bell ringer Review
Answer the following questions with your lab group
A. The heart is ____________________ (Directional Term) to the
lungs.
B. The heart is divided into ________ and ______ sides
C. The word pulmonary is another term for _______________
D. Name the 3 different blood vessels in the circulatory system
E. Name 3 components of blood
Health Matters of the
Circulatory System
Anemia –
most common blood disorder
• Etiology:
• Inadequate amount of hemoglobin, RBC or both
• S/S: shortness of breath, pallor (pale), rapid heart rate.
• TX: dietary supplements, blood replacement.
Hemophilia
• Etiology: rare sex linked genetic blood disease in which the blood is
missing a clotting factor.
• S/S: prolonged or uncontrolled bleeding
• TX: giving plasma that contains the missing clotting factor, no cure
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
• Etiology: dysfunction of the immune system caused by a virus. Virus
will cause DNA to become infected damaging WBC.
• HIV is transmitted through exchange of body fluids.
• S/S: may not show for 6-10 years: fatigue, weakness, painful joints,
diarrhea.
• TX: no cure, experimental medicines.
Leukemia
(blood cancer)
• Etiology: abnormal
malignant increase in the
number and longevity of
WBC. WBC are immature
and less effective in fighting
disease
• S/S: bleeding gums, anemia
• TX: radiation,
chemotherapy, bone
marrow transplantation
Elephantiasis
• massive accumulation of lymphatic
fluid in body tissues, causing
abnormally large growth of tissue.
• Etiology: caused by obstruction of the
lymph vessels by tiny worms (filariae)
that are common in tropic and
subtropic areas.
• S/S: fever, chills and ulcer formation
• TX: no cure, oral medications and
mosquito control measures.
Sickle cell anemia
• Etiology: genetic condition that
results in malformed RBC
• The “sickled” cells are more
fragile and cause pain as vessels
are blocked and less oxygen is
delivered.
• S/S: sometimes no symptoms,
may cause death
• TX: no cure
Allergy
• Etiology: hypersensitive response by
the immune system to an outside
substance which becomes an allergen.
• Allergens cause antibodies to be
produced. EX: pollen, dog/cat fur,
feathers.
• S/S: inflammation of the respiratory,
GI and integumentary systems, may
become life threatening.
• TX: drugs
Autoimmune Diseases
• Etiology: conditions in which the immune system of the body turns against itself.
• EX:
• Systemic lupus erythematosus: affects connective tissue, kidneys, lungs and heart
• Hashimoto’s disease: destruction of the thyroid
• Myasthenia gravis: affects the nerves and causes paralysis
TX: immunosuppressive drugs and steroids to relieve inflammation.
Erythroblastisis fetalis
• Etiology: Antibodies from an Rh negative
mother may enter the blood stream of her
unborn Rh positive infant, damaging the red
blood cells (RBCs). The infant responds by
increasing RBC production and sending out
immature RBCs that still have nuclei.
• S/S: baby may have brain damage
• TX: intrauterine blood transfusion
Hodgkin’s disease
• Etiology: cancer of the lymph system that usually appears in people
between the ages of 15-30.
• S/S: painless enlargements of the lymph nodes, itching, weight loss,
fever, difficulty swallowing.
• TX: chemotherapy or radiation of the lymph nodes.
Splenomegaly
• Etiology: enlargement of
the spleen caused by an
acute infection such as
scarlet fever
• S/S: symptoms are similar
to leukemia and anemia.
• TX: may require removal of
spleen
Thrombosis
• Etiology: condition in which a blood clot (thrombosis) forms in the vessels. Clot
slows the flow of blood to tissues
• Embolus: when the clot breaks away, it could lodge in a blood vessels and cause
tissue death
• S/S: pain in the area of the clot because of lack of oxygen
• TX: elevation, anticoagulants, may have surgery to remove clot.
Lymphatic System
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X4Wn0j3eJrA
Lymphatic system
• Using your book starting on pg 234 fill in the Lymphatic system
section of guided notes
• What structures do the lymphatic & immune systems share?
• Lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus gland
• What is the function of both systems?
• Produce disease fighting immune cells.
Lymphatic Systems KEY
• What systems are the lymphatic & immune systems similar to & why?
• Circulatory & cardiovascular systems because it contains a network of vessels to transport lymph fluid.
• What is the function of lymph?
• Transport various substances around the body.
• What does lymph contain? Does it contain RBC or Platelets?
• Lymph contains WBC; carries less protein than blood, same amount of water, salts, sugar & waste material; no
RBC or platelets.
• What are the smallest parts of the lymphatic system?
• Lymphatic capillaries
• What is the fluid in the spaces between tissues called?
• Interstitial fluid
• What are lymph nodes & what is their function?
• Specialized organs that produce lymph cells and filter harmful substances from tissues. These special cells devour
foreign substances. Known as “macrophages”
• What are lymphocytes?
• WBC that produces antibodies
• What is the function of the lymph vessels?
• Gather substances and fluid that have leaked from blood capillaries into the tissues and transport them back into
the bloodstream. Bring lipids (fat) from small intestine to bloodstream. Lymph travels in only one direction.
Practice Quizzes
Directions: Fill in the chart.
Blood Type
Receive blood from:
A
(example A, O)
Donate blood to:
Directions: Fill in the chart.
KEY
Blood Type
Receive blood from:
Donate blood to:
A
(example A, O)
A, AB
B
B, O
B, AB
AB
A, B, AB, O
AB
O
O
A, B, AB, O
List 2 Components of blood, and
what makes up each component
1.
2.
List 2 Components of blood, and
what makes up each component
KEY
1. Formed elements – RBC, WBC,
Thrombocytes.
2. Plasma – water, salts, hormones,
vitamins, protein, nutrients
Directions: Match up the WBC with its function(s).
a. neutrophils
b. Basophils
c. eosinophils
d. lymphocytes
e. monocytes
1. destroy large unwanted
particles in the bloodstream
2. control inflammation and
allergic reactions
3. protect the body against
formation of cancer cells
4. remove small unwanted
particles from the blood
5. release heparin to stop
clotting
6. produce histamine to cause
blood vessel dilation
7. kill parasites
8. essential to immune system
Directions: Match up the WBC with its function(s).
KEY
a. neutrophils
b. Basophils
c. eosinophils
d. lymphocytes
e. monocytes
1. (E) destroy large unwanted
particles in the bloodstream
2. (C) control inflammation and
allergic reactions
3. (D) protect the body against
formation of cancer cells
4. (A) remove small unwanted
particles from the blood
5. (B) release heparin to stop
clotting
6. (B) produce histamine to cause
blood vessel dilation
7. (B, C) kill parasites
8. (D) essential to immune system