Goal 4.05: Animal Behavior
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Stimulus = anything that elicits a response.
Response = behavior resulting from exposure to a stimulus.
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Stimulus Response
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Innate (instinctive) Behavior = born with it/inherited
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INSTINCT vs. LEARNED http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=24A908BF-B21C-432C-8647-
Instinct = behaviors that an organism is born knowing.
Innate = referring to instinctive behaviors.
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Animal Instincts
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Learned Behavior = resulting from experience
Habituation: animals stops
responding to a stimulus to
which it repeatedly exposed.
Classical Conditioning: animal
makes a mental connection
between a stimulus and
reward/punishment.
(Pavlov’s Dog Experiments)
Operant Conditioning: (trial
and error) animal learns to
repeat behaviors that result in
rewards and avoid behaviors
that result in punishment.
Learned Behaviors
http://videos.howstuffworks.com/hsw/11476-animal-intelligence-learned-response-video.htm
Learned Behavior = resulting from experience
Insight Learning: animal applies what it has already learned to
a new situation.
Social Behavior = behavior resulting from interactions with others.
Horse dominance
http://videos.howstuffworks.com/hsw/22314-adapting-to-deserts-the-dominant-male-kathys-herd-video.htm
Imprinting = learning based on early experience
Usually learned immediately or very soon following birth.
Some newborn
animals will
imprint on the first
thing they see
move following
birth.
Others imprint on
a location.
Example:
Spawning salmon
return to their
hatching grounds
to breed.
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Circadian Rhythm = cycle that happens daily
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Migration = movement from one location to another
based on seasonal changes
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Sooty Shearwater
– longest migration
Sea Turtle migration routes
Snow goose migration
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Estivation vs. Hibernation
Hibernation = sleeping during winter months
squirrels
hedgehogs
bears
bats
ladybugs
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Estivation vs. Hibernation
Estivation = sleeping during summer months as a survival
mechanism against environmental events such as heat, drought,
etc. Very common in desert animals.
Beaded
lizard
Spade foot toad
Jersey
snails tiger moths
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