Foodborne illness
Illness carried or transmitted to people by food.
Outbreak of foodborne illness
incident in which two or more people experience the same illness after eating the same
food
Warranty of Sale
rules stating how food must be handled in an establishment
reasonable care defense
defense against a food related lawsuit stating that an establishment did everything
reasonably expected to ensure that the food served was safe
HACCP Principle 1
Conduct a hazard analysis
HACCP Principle 2
determine critical control points
HACCP Principle 3
Establish critical limits
HACCP Principle 4
establish monitoring procedures
HACCP Principle 5
Identify corrective actions
HACCP Principle 6
Verify that the system works
HACCP Principle 7
establish procedures for record keeping and documentation
Flow of Food
Path food takes through an establishment, from purchasing and receiving through
storing, preparing, cooking, holding, cooling, reheating, and serving
high risk populations
People susceptible to foodborne illness due to the effects of age or health on their
immune systems, including infants and preschool age children, pregnant women,
elders, medicated ppl, diseased or weakened immune systems
immune system
body's defense against illness. ppl with compromised immune systems are more
susceptible to foodborne illness
contamination
presence of harmful substances in food.
food safety hazards
biological, physical, chemical
time temperature abuse
any time it has been allowed to remain too long at a temperature favorable to the
growth of foodborne microorganisms
cross-contamination
occurs when microorganisms are transferred from one food or surface to another
food contact surfaces
surface that comes into direct contact with food, such as a cutting board
clean
visibly free of soils
sanitary
reduced amount of microorganisms to safe level
pathogens
illness-causing microorganism
microorganisms
small, living organisms that can be seen only with iad of microscope.
toxins
waste of microorganism
4 types of microorganisms/pathogens
bacteria, viruses, parasites, fungi
bacteria
single celled living microorganism that can spoil food and cause foodborne illness. can
quickly multiply to dangerous levels when food is improperly cooked, held, or reheated.
some form spores that can survive freezing and very high temps.
bacterial growth
lag, log, stationary, death. splits in two.
FAT TOM
food, acid, temp, time, oxygen, moisture
danger zone
41F to 135F
pH (7.5 to 4.6)
neutral to slightly acidic pH that foodborne microorganisms grow well in
water activity
amount of moisture available in food for microorganisms to grow. measured in a scale
from 0.0 to 1.0, with water having a water activity of 1.0. TCS food has water act. val. of
.85 or higher.
Salmonellaosis
caused by salmonella commonly linked to poultry, eggs, dairy, produce
Shigellosis
an acute infection of the intestine by Shigella bacteria
Staphylococcal
found in salad containing TCS food, deli meat. symptoms include nausea, vomiting and
retching, abdominal cramps
Clostridium perfingens
found in soil, where it forms spores that allow it to survive. carried in intestines. does
not grow at fridge temps
Listeriosis
found in soil, water, and plants. grows in cool, moist climates. uncommon in healthy
people.
Bacillus cereus
spore-forming bacteria found in soil. produces two diff. toxins when allowed to grow to
high levels.
Clostridium Botulism
forms spores that are commonly found in water and soil. can contaminate any food.
dont grow well in acidic food or fridge temps
Campylobacterosis
A gastrointestinal condition characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and fever,
caused by eating raw meat or unpasteurized milk contaminated with Campylobacter
jejuni, a bacterium that infects poultry, cattle, and sheep.
Hemorrhagic Colitis (E Coli
found in the intestines of cattle or person's feces
Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vulnificus
found in waters where shellfish are harvested.
Hep A
feces of contaminated ppl; ready to eat foods and shellfish;
norovirus
ready to eat foods and water. -vomiting, diarrhea, nausea, abdominal cramps
Trichinella spiralis
parasitic nematode occurring in the intestines of pigs and rats and human beings and
producing larvae that form cysts in skeletal muscles
Cycloporiasis
bird intestinal tracts, berries
Anisakiasis
ocean fish, bottom feeders, crabs lobsters, flounders
Giardiasis
animal droppings that contaminate waters
FoodborneToxin-mediated infections
both are getting you
2 types of Fungi
mold and yeast
toxic metals
copper, zinc, nickel
Hand washing
temp 100, 10-15 sec
shellstock id tags
tags that document where the shellfish are harvested
Modified Atmosphere Packaging (MAP)
removal of oxygen
Bi-metallic stemmed thermometers
accuracy to within +- 2 degrees
label food
name of product, date, exp for 7 days later and initials
storage procedures for produce
fridge, don't mix cases