Reliquary Shrine , second quarter of the 14th century
Attributed to Jean de Touyl (French, died 1349)
• Cultural Leadership moved from Mediterranean to France,
Germany, and Britain
• Christianity and the Church dominated
• Emphasis in art shifted from this world to the afterlife (fear of Hell)
• The body was not beautiful but corrupt

The Annunciation , ca.
1290 –1300
German; Made in
Altenberg-an-der-Lahn,
Hesse
• Nudes Forbidden
• Even clothed bodies ignored anatomy
Crucifix , ca.
1150 –1200
Spanish; Made in Palencia,
CastileLeón
• Lost Greek value of balance between body and mind
• Only interested in soul
• Wanted to attract and inspire new believers
Tomb
Effigy of Jean d'Alluye , mid-13th century
French; Carved in
Touraine, Loire Valley

eaf from a Beatus Manuscript:
Christ in Majesty with Angels and the Angel of God Directs Saint
John to Write the Book of
Revelation , ca. 1180; Romanesque
Spanish; Made in Burgos, Castile-
León

The Unicorn in Captivity , 1495 –1505
South Netherlandish

• 330 AD- 1453 AD
• Centered in Constantinople
• Combined Greek Oriental taste for rich decoration and color with Christian themes

Triptych with Virgin and Child and Saints . Nikolaos Tzafouris (act.
1489 –93) or Andreas Ritzos (1422–1492). Crete (Candia?), late 15th century.
• Small wood-panel paintings
• Rigid frontal poses
• Halos, staring wide eyes
• Believed to possess supernatural powers
– Carried into battle
– Kissed so often the paint is worn away
– Idolatry? Banned 726-843
Icon with the Nativity . Byzantine, first quarter of the 15th century. Tempera and gold on wood, priming on textile

• Intended to publicize the new religion
• Often depicted Christ as teacher
• Human figures are flat, stiff, symmetrically placed.
• Almond-shaped faces, solemn expressions, no movement

• Seat of the Bishop and Diocese
• Shaped like a Cross
• Chavet - Pillow
• Draw of Pilgrims
• Housed Relics and Tombs

QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture.

 Mystical atmosphere
• Nearly 3 football fields long
• Pendentives - four arches formed a square
• Forty arched windows encircle the base of the dome to give illusion of halo

• 1050-1200
• Horizontal Emphasis
• Stone roof with rounded arches
• Thick piers and walls support roof
• Smaller windows- dark and solemn

• 1200-1500
• Vertical Emphasis- reaches to heaven
• Stone roof with pointed arches and ribbed vault
• Thin walls and piers supported by Flying Buttresses
• Large stain glass windows- airy and “Holy Light”

• Told religious stories
• Symbolism
• Honored craftsmen and benefactors
Martyrdom of Saint Lawrence , ca. 1175 –1180; Romanesque

• Early Gothic- “Long and
Lean”
– Body was despised
• Late Gothic- more rounded and realistic
– Aristotle taught that the body was “An envelope for the Soul”

Giotto: Death of
Christ, Fresco c. 1306

Giotto. Meeting at the Golden Gate. 1304-1306. Fresco. Capella degli Scrovegni, Padua, Italy.

The Annunciation
Triptych , Altarpiece, ca.
1425
Robert Campin and
Assistant (South
Netherlandish [Tournai], active by 1406, died 1444)
South Netherlandish; Made in Tournai