South Africa
Part II
1973- U.N. adopted
resolutions
condemning
Apartheid in South
Africa.
The World’s Reaction
1980s- Countries
began boycotting
South African goods.
A trade embargo
was implemented.
Apartheid begins to
feel pressure.
1973-The United Nations passed a resolution
condemning Apartheid.
1976-People in Soweto riot and demonstrate
against discrimination and instruction in Afrikaans.
The police react with gunfire, killing 575 and
injuring and arresting thousands. Stephen Biko is
beaten and left in jail to die from his injuries.
AFRIKAANS:
A LANGUAGE ADAPTED FROM THE 17TH
CENTURY DUTCH SETTLERS OF SOUTH
AFRICA
BOYCOTT:
TO ABSTAIN FROM BUYING OR USING
CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE:
1980s-People and governments around the world
launch an international campaign to boycott
South Africa. Hundreds of thousands of Africans
who are banned from white-controlled areas
ignore the laws and pour into forbidden regions in
search of work. Civil disobedience and other
protests increase.
Mid 1980s-The United Democratic Front was
formed in South Africa, which was led by
Archbishop Desmond Tutu and Reverend Allen
Boasek. The organization helped spread the word
worldwide about the problem of Apartheid.
THE REFUSAL TO OBEY CERTAIN LAWS FOR
THE PURPOSE OF INLUENCING
GOVERNMENTAL POLICY
A Journey of Inequality
Late 1980s-International pressure forces South
Africa to end Apartheid. As a result, some of the
segregationist laws are repealed, such as the
ones separating whites and non-whites in public
places.
1991-1994-South African President F.W. de Klerk
repeals the rest of the Apartheid laws and calls for
a new constitution. A multiracial transitional
government is approved. Nelson Mandela is
elected the first black president in 1994.
SEGRAGATIONIST:
ONE WHO BELIEVES THAT RACES
SHOULD BE KEPT APART
REPEALED:
TO TAKE BACK OR RECALL
Fighters
• Nelson Mandela was a major fighter against
apartheid.
• He led the African National Congress (ANC)
• He was eventually sentenced to life in prison
for his anti-apartheid activities.
• For 27 years, Nelson Mandela waited in prison
while his fellow South Africans fought for his
freedom.
• He was finally released on February 11, 1990.
Nelson Mandela
• While in prison, Mandela continued to
fight against apartheid. In a 1964
court appearance, he said:
“During my lifetime I have dedicated myself to this
struggle of the African people. I have fought against white
domination, and I have fought against black domination. I
have cherished the ideal of a democratic and free society
in which all persons live together in harmony and with
equal opportunities. It is an ideal which I hope to live for
and to achieve. But if needs be, it is an ideal for which I
am prepared to die.”
• Nelson
Mandela
was
released
from prison
on
February
11, 1990.
• Mandela’s release
in 1990 from prison
marked the
“beginning of the
end” of apartheid.
•But the first
election that
allowed both
blacks and whites
wasn’t until 1994.
46664 Bangles
10
F.W. de Klerk
• Feb. 1989- elected leader of
the National Party
• Sept. 1989- elected State
President
-In his first speech after assuming
the party leadership he called for
a non-racist South Africa.
-lifted the ban on the ANC and
released Nelson Mandela.
-brought apartheid to an end and
opened the way for the drafting of
a new constitution.
Mandela was elected President
of South Africa in 1994.
• This signified the first multi-racial government.
11
After Apartheid
• First Democratic Elections
• Mandela President
• The Truth & Reconciliation
Commission
• Desmond Tutu
Truth and Reconciliation Committee
• Appointed by
Mandela
• 1995
• Headed by Bishop
Desmond Tutu
• Bring abuses of
apartheid to light
Desmond Tutu
New Government,
New Constitution
• 1996- people approve new constitution
• Becomes law in a 3 year period
• 2nd elections in 1999- ANC won again by a
landslide
12
•
•
•
•
Tourism & Wildlife
District Six Museum
New Challenges
Economic
disparity/Poverty
• HIV
South Africa Today
And the remnants today…
12
• 60% unemployment rate
• Now have a quota system
• What is this program similar to in America?
• BONUS POINTS for you! Affirmative Action!
• Segregation and apartheid are engrained into
the culture.
• Violence sometimes a problem when people
become frustrated with the slow-to-change
government.
• AIDS just adds to their despair
– Highest caseload in the world.
Protesting for Rights