oracle11g-database-architecture
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Oracle 11g Database Architectures Advanced Databases Learning Objectives • Understand the client / server system. • Understand the DBMS role in that system. • Explain the architecture of the modern DBMS. Advanced Databases A Simple Client / Server System Components • Client • Server • Network Database server Network Client Client Client – LAN – WAN – Internet • Way more clients than servers. Advanced Databases Example of C/S Architecture Client w/ Web Browser TCP/IP Network Server w/ Web Server GET /index.html Data Stream: <html><head>…. 128.230.11.84 1. 2. 3. HTTP protocol implemented by both browser and web server www.syr.edu Typing http://www.syr.edu in client web browser sends GET request to web server Web server processes GET request by finding file on server and sending it back to 128.230.11.84 as a stream of HTML Client parses the HTML and draws the web page in the browser window. Advanced Databases Client/Server Architectures The application consists of: 2 Tier – client and server 3-Tier – client, application, database N-Tier – client, application(s), database(s) Advanced Databases Two-Tier Client/Server SQL queries Results Client Application software Data access API Database server Database management system Database • Client talks directly to server • Eg’s: SQL Management Studio in IST359 Advanced Databases Middleware • The application layer protocol and its implementation which facilities communication among client and server. • Web HTTP / SOAP / REST • Database ODBC / JDBC Advanced Databases Three-Tier Client/Server User request SQL queries Response Client User interface Results Application server Business components Database server DBMS Database • Middleware exists between each tier. • More Complex than Two-tier • More Scalable than Two-tier Advanced Databases Three-Tier Web User request User request SQL queries Internet Response Client Web browser Results Response Web server Web applications Web services • Middleware: Database server DBMS Database – Client – Web Server HTTP – Web Server – Database Server ODBC / Pipes / JDBC • Web / Db Servers in data center on same network. Advanced Databases N-Tier 3 Tier plus • • • • • • Caching Frameworks Load Balancers Multiple Application Tiers Cryptographic Accelerators Heterogeneous DBMS’s Web Scale: – Varnish, Memcached, Ngnix, Tomcat, AppFabric Advanced Databases Sample N-Tier Setup Web Server 1 Internet Reverse Proxy + Cache + Load Balancer Web Server 2 Web Server 3 DBMS 1 Clients Advanced Databases Replication DBMS 2 Service-Oriented Architecture • You can do business with a company: – Via their user interface. – Programmatically using their API’s • Think Twitter, Foursquare, Amazon, Netflix, Google Maps, Twilio, etc… • Customers and business partners can build applications using the company’s APIs as a “service” • Allows for a greater level of integration than is otherwise possible Advanced Databases DBMS Architecture Advanced Databases General Architecture of the Modern DBMS • SERVER- computer hosting the database service. • INSTANCE – Install of the product. Most products can install multiple instances. • LISTENER – Background process that manages the listener. • CATALOG – Unique named set of schemas. This is a database at the MySQL, SQL Server and Oracle products. • SCHEMA – Logical Grouping of objects within the CATALOG • OBJECTS – Tables, Keys, Constraints, Views, Procedures. Advanced Databases General Architecture of the Modern DBMS Server Instance Catalog (db) Schema Catalog (db) Schema Objects Instance Catalog (db) Schema Catalog (db) Schema Objects Advanced Databases An Oracle Instance And Database Advanced Databases Oracle vs. SQL Server – Architecture Comparison Oracle • Instances can use separate listeners. • Oracle designed to work independently from the OS. • Oracle uses Tablespaces (storage independent of database) • Users given access to Tablespace. SQL Server • All instances use same listener. • SQL Server designed to only work on Windows. • SQL Server does not have tablespaces. • Users given access to Database to achieve same result. Advanced Databases Oracle vs. SQL Server – Cheat Sheet SQL Server Concept Oracle Equivalent Concept Connect to server Connect to database Your database Your Schema IP / Port for connection Listener Database login Schema login You were not the DBA You are the DBA You had access to ONE database on the SQL server and used ONE login You have access all the schemas on the database and will use multiple logins. Advanced Databases Oracle Enterprise Manager • User account must have DBA role • Oracle Enterprise Manager (OEM) – Three-tier architecture – Console • Oracle Management Server (OMS) – Interacts with repository – Makes it easier for DBAs to administer multiple databases in organization’s network Advanced Databases 19 OEM Architecture Advanced Databases 20 OEM Screenshot Advanced Databases Walk-Through 1/2 1. Connect to ITELL via vSphere Client 2. Logon to Virtual Machine – Administrator / SU2orange 3. Takes a while for Oracle to load (Taskmgr) 4. Oracle Enterprise Manager – SYS / SU2orange (as SYSDBA) Advanced Databases Walk-Through 2/2 • SQL Plus – Command line utility • Two ways to log in: 1. Logon, connect to a database Database Listener Login – SYS@localhost.orcl as SYSDBA 2. Logon, do not connect to a database – SYS as SYSDBA Advanced Databases Database Architectures Questions? Comments? Advanced Databases
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