South Africa
ANC
African National
Congress
ANC Info:
• Founded in 1912
• fights for rights of black South
Africans
• 1948-used passive resistance
• 1960-South African government
banned ANC and jailed its
members
Stephen
Biko
• Born December 18, 1946
• Died September 12, 1977
• founder of Black
Consciousness Movement
• Wanted Rights for black
South Africans
• Died from head injuries he
received after being
arrested
Stephen
Biko’s
gravesite
A Look at
Apartheid
Segregated Beach
South African Miners on Strike
Wits University, 1987
Student Demonstration
Whites Only
Beach
Athlone, Cape Town 1988: Police take action against
demonstrators, shooting and lobbing teargas, rubber
bullets.
Johannesburg - In the days of apartheid segregated
toilets in the city for black and white people.
Robertson, Western Cape. 1990 Funeral for a
teenager killed by police during anti-apartheid demonstration.
Cape Town, South Africa 1989: The first legal march since
the Emergency where about 20 000 people protested
against police brutality in Cape Town. Led by Archbishop
Tutu, Boesak and other leading anti apartheid leaders
Townships
A segregated area
where blacks in South
Africa were forced to
live under apartheid.
Shack Window
Passbook
Every South African over the
age of 16 had to carry a pass.
It names the places where
the person lives and works.
Bantustans
• “Homelands” where black South
Africans were forced to live.
• poor quality land, few jobs
• Only about 14% of South Africa’s
land was reserved for 68% of the
population.
Nelson Mandela
*South African leader
of the ANC
*Imprisoned for 27
years for “conspiring
to overthrow the South
African government”
*In 1994 became the
first black president of
South Africa
VOTING!
F. W. de Klerk
South African
President
from 19891994
de Klerk
• Supporter of Apartheid, but
realized it was ruining his country
• Removed ban on ANC
• Ended many apartheid laws
• Freed Mandela (Mandela was 72
years old!)
• Worked with Mandela to improve
South Africa
Nelson Mandela and F. W. de Klerk
won the Nobel Peace Prize for their
work to end apartheid peacefully.
Kgalema Petrus Motlanthe
•Current
President
of South
Africa
People in South Africa
are still working to make
the lives of their people
better!
Apartheid Vocabulary
• Bantustan: “Homelands” where black
South Africans were forced to live under
racial separation
• Township: Black-only residential
settlements near white cities
• “Whites”: People of European ancestry
• “Asians”: People from India and other
places in Asia
Apartheid Vocabulary
• “Coloreds”: People of mixed ancestry
• “Blacks”: Native Africans
• Apartheid: The South African system in
which racial groups were kept separate, and
racial discrimination was legal
• Boycott: The refusal to buy goods or use
services from a particular group, company
or country
Apartheid Vocabulary
• Afrikaners: South Africans who are
descendents of Dutch, German, Belgian,
and French settlers
• Nelson Mandela: First black South African
president; jailed for 27 years by the South
African government because he fought for
black South African rights; he was 72 years
old when released from prison (Feb. 1990)
Apartheid Vocabulary
• African National Congress (ANC):
Political organization established by black
South Africans 1912 to fight for equal
rights; used passive resistance as a means of
protest
• Boers: South Africans of Dutch ancestry
• Enclave: Small territory or country entirely
surrounded by a larger territory or country
Apartheid Vocabulary
• Colonize: To settle an area and take over or
create a new government
• Nationalism: Feeling of pride for one’s own
homeland; a group’s identity as members of
a nation
• Pan-Africanism: A movement that stressed
unity among ALL Africans
Apartheid Vocabulary
• Discriminate: to treat people unfairly based
on race, religion or gender
• Homeland: South African lands where
blacks were forced to live under apartheid;
driest and least fertile parts of the country
• Cape Town: The legislative capital of South
Africa
Apartheid Vocabulary
• F.W. de Klerk: President of South Africa
from 1989-1994; ended apartheid laws and
freed Mandela; was vice-president under
Mandela; Co-winner of the Nobel Peace
Prize (shared with Mandela)
Apartheid Vocabulary
• Passbook: Every black South African age
16 and older was required to carry a
“passport” inside their own country;
passbook listed where you worked and
lived; government did NOT want black
South Africans to leave their designated
areas
Apartheid Vocabulary
• Stephen Biko: Founder of “The Black
Consciousness Movement” (BCM); wanted
equal rights for black South Africans;
murdered while in police custody
• Civil Rights Movement: Large group of
people working together in the U.S. during
the 1960’s to end segregation and provide
equal rights for ALL Americans