STUDY GUIDE
THE Gilded Age
UNIT OUTCOMES:
1. Westward Movement
2. Industrialization
3. Urbanization / Immigration
4. Minority Rights
UNIT OUTLINE:
I.
Westward Movement and Native American outcomes
A. Railroads
a. Mining –Klondike gold rush
b. Cattle Ranching - Cattle drives
c. Farming
B. Technology
a. Barb wire
b. Steel Plow
C. Native Americans
a. Policies –Concentration / Reservations
b. Homestead Act
II.
Industrial Revolution
1. Entrepreneurs/ Capitalists
2. Industrialists gained tremendous wealth.
Andrew Carnegie
John D. Rockefeller
J. P. Morgan
Cornelius Vanderbilt
3. Theory of Social Darwinism
 Gospel of Wealth
 Seven Factors are needed in the creation of an industrial nation.
A. Natural Resources
E. Consumers (markets)
B. Capital ($)
F. Technology
C. Labor Supply
G. Government Cooperation (support)
D. Transportation System(s)
B. Some built empires through the abuse of power.
1. Unfair competition (monopolies, trusts, rebates)
2. Misuse & abuse of labor
3. Corrupt & laissez-faire government
III.
Urbanization
1.
American Society
a.
Education- Morrill Act
b.
Newspapers
2.
Growth of Cities
3.
Middle Class
4.
“New” Immigration
5.
6.
a.
Nativist
b.
Social Cass
Women
a.
Temperance
b.
19th & 20th Amendments
Plights of Black Americans
a.
7.
13th, 14th & 15th Amendments
b.
Plessey vs. Ferguson
c.
W.E.Debois
d.
Booker T. Washington
Literature/ Arts
a.
Leisure activities
b.
Social class
c.
Economic class
IV. Labor (workers) united to fight abuses.
A. Waves of immigration provided cheap labor.
B. Owners found the abundant labor force easy to abuse.
C. Workers united to deal with the abuses & developed tactics for bringing change.
D. Government Regulations
Sherman Antitrust
Marxist rulers
D. New Immigrants were considered a threat to the strength of unions.
KEY PEOPLE:
Andrew Carnegie
Samuel Gompers
John D. Rockefeller
George Pullman Edwin
Drake
Thomas Edison
J. P. Morgan
Cornelius Vanderbilt
Eugene V. Debs
Orville and Wilbur Wright
Charles Darwin / Herbert Spencer
Alexander Graham Bell
Richard Sears / Montgomery Ward
George Eastman
KEY CONCEPTS / EVENTS / PLACES:
Capitalism / Free Enterprise
Nativism (Old Immigrants vs. New Immigrants)
Socialism
Philanthropy / Gospel of Wealth
Corporation
Integration (Vertical & Horizontal)
Laissez-faire
Social Darwinism
Organized Labor (Unionism)
Sherman Antitrust Act Transcontinental Railroad
Haymarket Riot (1886)
Homestead Strike (1892)
Pullman Strike (1894)
Immigration
Ellis Island / Angel Island
Political Machines
Pendleton Act of 1883
Sweatshops
Philanthropy
The Chinese Exclusion Act (1882)
Ethnic neighborhoods
Rural to urban
Urban sprawl
Transcontinental Railroad (completed 1869)
Homestead Act (1862)
ASSIMILATE
Americanization
CONSTRUCTIVE RESPONSE QUESTIONS
1. What contributed to the rapid industrialization of America?
2. What contributed to the extremely uneven distribution of wealth during this period?
3. What led to the development of labor unions in the 1880ʼs?
4. What is the difference between a “New” Immigrant and an “Old” Immigrant?
5. What were the positive & negative consequences of industrialism?