Ch. 10 Jeopardy
Neurons
100- The portion of the neuron which receives an impulse from another nerve are the
Dendrites
200- These cells from the myelin sheath in the peripheral nervous system
Schwann Cells
300- This is another name for a sensory neuron that brings information to the brain
Afferent
400- This type of neuron will have 2 extensions coming from the cell body and is found in sense organs.
bipolar
500- These thin microtubules run along the length of the axon and give it structure.
Neurofibrils
Neuroglia
100- This type of neuroglia removes harmful substances from the CNS.
Microglia
200- This neuroglial cell is what is known as the blood brain barrier and controls diffusion into the brain,
Ependyma
300- This neuroglia cell is responsible for transmitting glucose into the neuron from the blood vessels.
Astrocytes
400- This neuroglia cell is responsible for forming the myelin coating in the central nervous system.
Oligodendrocytes
500- Which of the neuroglia would prevent the body from being able to properly establish homeostatic
levels if it is not present.
Astocytes
Resting Potential
100- What are the two ions most responsible for maintaining the resting potential of a neuron?
Na+ and K+
200- Where in a nerve cell are most of the Na+ ions concentrated during resting potential?
Outside
300- What would the voltmeter reading be on the inside of a nerve cell during resting potential?
-70mV
400- Why during resting potential are K+ ions able to diffuse out of the neuron but Na+ ions cannot
enter at the same rate?
There are more K + leakage channels then there are Cl- ions
500- What is the importance of the fixed anions like large proteins that are not able to diffuse out of the
cell?
The have a large negative charge and they make the inside of the cell negative in comparison to
the outside.
Action Potential
100- Which ion floods into the nerve cell to cause depolarization?
Na+
200- What is meant by the term threshold stimulus?
This refers to the minimum stimulus required to trigger an action potential
300- What triggers the action potential in a nerve cell?
A neurotransmitter from another nerve cell opens Na+ gates on the dendrites
400- What causes repolarization in a nerve cell?
Na+ channels close and K+ channels open allowing K+ to flow out of the cell bring the charge
back to negative.
500- What is meant by the term hyperpolarization?
This occurs when the nerve potential goes below -70mV due to excess removal of K+ ions and
influx of Cl- ions after an action potential
Synapse
100- What are chemicals which transmit messages across synapses between neurons?
Neurotransmitters
200- What ion enters the synaptic bulb and causes the release of neurotransmitters into the synapse?
Ca+2
300- Which neurotransmitter is responsible for initiating the fight or flight reflex in humans?
Epinephrine and norepinephrine
400- What is meant by the term facilitation?
When a neuron receives sub threshold stimulation and it is taken closer to an action potential
500- What is the difference between an action potential and a synaptic potential?
Synaptic potential occurs in the cell body and can lead to an action potential. SPs are graded and
Aps are All or None .