Processes of Life
Standard SC.F.1.2.1: knows that the human body is made of
systems with structures and functions that are related.
STARS Teacher Workshop
Sunshine State Standards
Processes of Life
Standard SC.F.1.2.1

knows that the human body is made of systems with structures
and functions that are related.
GLE’s

Fourth
 Knows that complex animals have specialized organs to carry out life
processes.
 Know the major organ systems of the human body.
 Understand the functions of various body systems.

Fifth
 Understand how body systems interact (how muscles and bones work
together for movement)
Your Body
The body is divided up into a number of systems.
Skeletal System Digestive System Muscular System Cardiovascular &
Respiratory System
As well as the Nervous system, Lymphatic system , Endocrine
system, etc.
LETS LOOK AT SOME OF THESE SYSTEMS
The Human Body

http://www.apples4theteacher.com/elibrary/bodybook.html
Cardiovascular & Respiratory
System
What is the Cardiovascular
System?

One of the most important systems
in the body. It is made up of the
heart, blood and blood vessels.
What is the Respiratory
System?

The respiratory system contains
those organs responsible for
carrying oxygen from the air to the
blood stream and expelling the
waste product of the carbon
dioxide.
Cardiovascular & Respiratory
System
What does the Cardiovascular and Respiratory
System work together to do?
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The Cardiovascular system is the bodies delivery system.
Blood moving from the heart, delivers oxygen and nutrients
to every part of the body. On the return trip, the blood picks
up waste products so that your body can get rid of them.
Facts about your heart
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Your heart is a muscle about the size of your clenched fist.
At rest it contracts and relaxes about 70 times a minute and
pumps blood through the chambers to all parts of the body.
Cardiovascular & Respiratory
System
How does your blood get oxygen?
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When you inhale, you breathe in air and send it down to
your lungs.
Blood is pumped from the heart to your lungs, where oxygen
from the air you've breathed in gets mixed with it.
That oxygen-rich blood then travels back to the heart where
it is pumped through arteries and capillaries to the whole
body, delivering oxygen to all the cells in the body -including bones, skin and other organs.
Veins then carry the oxygen-depleted blood back to the
heart for another ride.
Cardiovascular & Respiratory
System Activity
Breath In, Breath Out

From Easy Make & Learn
Projects: Human Body
 You will make a model that helps
you to understand how you
breathe air in and out. You will
also create a Chest Vest to
explore the breathing organs of
your chest.
The Heart as a Pump


You will explore the working of
the heart by making comparisons
with the actions of a pump
http://www.sci.mus.mn.us/heart/
heart/top.html
Cardiovascular & Respiratory
System Websites
MEDtropolis Virtual
Body: The Heart

http://www.medtropoli
s.com/VBody.asp
Skeletal System
What do your bones do?
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
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Protect your internal organs
Support the Body (so your not a
blob)
Make blood cells
Store Minerals
Provide for muscle attachment
 What if I didn’t have bones?


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Without bones you’d be kind of like
a ziplock bag filled with soup.
You couldn’t stand up
You couldn’t walk
Skeletal System
Are your bones alive?

Yes!! Your bones are made up of living cells just
like everything else in your body. If your bones
weren’t alive then your broken arms wouldn’t
heal.
How many bones do you think you have?


When you were born you had 300. As you grow
some of your bones fuse together.
An adult has 206 bones
Skeletal System
Almost every bone in your
body is made up of the same
materials
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The periosteum (say: pareee-os-tee-um) is the thin outer
layer of the bone
The next layer is the compact
bone. This is what you see
when you look at a skeleton.
Inside of the compact bone are
many layers of cancellous
(say: kan-seh-lus) bone, which
look a bit like a sponge.
And the inner most part of the
bone is the bone marrow.
Skeletal System
What is bone marrow and where does it
come from?
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Bone marrow is what fills up the hollow center of
your bones.
Its in the bone marrow that new red and white
blood cells are made. And I know it sounds crazy
but YES your BONE makes you BLOOD.
Skeletal System Activity
Where Are My Bones?

From Easy Make & Learn Projects:
Human Body
 You will make a model of the human
skeleton and explore its functions.
Grow a Bone

From Easy Make & Learn Projects:
Human Body
 You will learn what’s inside of bones
and how bones grow.
Skeletal System Websites
The Big Story About Bones

http://www.kidshealth.org/kid/body/bones
_SW.html
MEDtropolis Virtual Body: Bones

http://www.medtropolis.com/VBody.asp
Muscular System
What are muscles made of?
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Muscles are all made up of the
same material. A type of elastic
tissue kind of like a rubber band.
Thousands of small fibers make
up each muscle.
 What do you think muscles
do?

Muscles move YOU!! Without
muscle you couldn’t open your
mouth or lift your hand. You
couldn’t move food through your
digestive system. Basically you
wouldn’t be alive very long.
Muscular System
How do muscles move?
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
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The cells in the muscle contract then relax to their original
size.
Tiny microscopic fibers in these cells compress by sliding in
past each other like a sliding glass door being opened and
then shut again.
The cells of your muscles use chemical energy from the food
you eat to do this.
 Are all muscles the same?

No they are not. You have three types of muscles
 Smooth muscle
 Heart Muscle
 Skeletal Muscle
Muscular System
Your smooth muscle is called
involuntary muscle

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You can’t control this type of muscle. It is
controlled by signals from the brain.
An example of smooth muscle is you stomach
muscles and digestive system. They contract
and relax without your control
The muscle that makes up your heart
(heart muscle) is also called the cardiac
muscle.
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The muscles in the heart contract to pump
blood out and relax to let blood back in after
its circulated through your body.
Just like involuntary (smooth) muscle cardiac
muscle moves all by itself.
Muscular System
Skeletal Muscles are
voluntary muscles.
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You can control what your skeletal
muscles do. Like when you run or
throw a ball.
These muscles make up your
musculoskeletal (say: muskyuh-low-skeh-luh-tul) system
which is a combination of your
muscle and skeleton.
Your skeleton and muscle work
together to give your body power
and strength.
Muscular System Activity
Muscle Maker

From Easy Make & Learn
Projects: Human Body
 Students make a model that
shows how muscles pull on
bones.
Muscular System Websites
Human Anatomy Online: Muscular
System

http://www.innerbody.com/htm/body.html
You Multitalented Muscles

http://www.kidshealth.org/kid/body/muscl
es_SW.html
Digestive System
Digestion begins when you
first smell, see or think about
a tasty food. Saliva begins to
form in your mouth.
When you eat the food your
saliva begins to break down
the food as you chew it.
Once the food is swallowed it
goes down the esophagus
(say: ih-sah-fuh-gus) where
the muscles in the esophagus
walls push the food downward
into the stomach.
Digestive System
Attached to the end of the
esophagus is the stomach. Here
food is further broken down by the
churning action of the stomach as
well as the by gastric juices
secreted by the stomach walls.
From the stomach food goes into
the small intestine. The small
intestine breaks down the food
mixture even more so your body
can absorb all the vitamins,
minerals, proteins, carbohydrates,
and fats. These nutrients are
absorbed into the blood.
Digestive System
The nutrient rich blood goes
into the liver. The liver filters
out waste and sends nutrients
out to the body.
After most of the nutrients
are removed from the food
mixture, there is waste left
over.The large intestine
pushes the waste into the
rectum (say: rek-tum),
the very last stop on the
digestive tract. Then you
flush the toilet.
Digestive System Activity
Digestion Poster

From Easy Make & Learn Projects: Human Body
 Students make a lift-and-look poster that explains what
the parts of the digestive system do. They also make a
model that shows how the esophagus works.
What Happens to a Hamburger?
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Read the book What Happens to a Hamburger? to
the students.
Students write stories about what happens to their
food.
Digestive System Websites
MEDtropolis Virtual Body: Digestive
Tract

http://www.medtropolis.com/VBody.asp
The Real Deal On Digestion

http://www.kidshealth.org/kid/body/digest_
SW.html
References
The Human Anatomy Online

http://www.innerbody.com/htm/body.html
The Human Body Adventure

http://vilenski.org/science/humanbody/hb_html/skeleton.html
The Story On Bones

http://www.kidshealth.org/kid/body/bones_SW.html
Your Gross and Cool Body

http://yucky.kids.discovery.com/flash/body/pg000124.html