Causes of WW1
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
M.
A.
N.
I.
A.
C.
S.
Militarism
1.
2.
3.
4.
Building up armed forces getting ready for war
Glorification of the military
Increase in military spending
More input by military leaders in the
government
Militarism
• Germany was competing with the
UK to build battleships.
• The British feared an attack on
their Empire
•Germany was competing with
Russia and France to expand their
armies
1880 1914
Germany
1.3m 5.0m
France
0.73m 4.0m
Russia
0.40m 1.2m
Alliances
Agreements or promises to help or
defend another country
Alliances
• By 1914 all the major
powers were linked by
a system of alliances.
• The alliances made it
more likely that a war
would start.
• Once started, the
alliances made it more
likely to spread.
Alliances
• Central Powers
 Germany
 Austria-Hungary
 Italy
• Triple Entente
(Allies)
 France
 Russia
 Great Britain
Nationalism
Extreme love and pride in your country
Desire of people with the same nationality to form
their own nation-state
Desire for freedom from foreign rule
Nationalism
• This was an age when all nations wanted to
assert their power and independence.
• In Europe Slavs, aided by Serbia and
Russia, wanted to be free of Austrian rule.
Serbia’s
national
flag
Imperialism
One country’s domination of the
political, economic, and social life
of another country
Imperialism
• All the great powers were competing for
colonies / territory.
• The British feared Germany in Africa.
• The Austrians feared Serbia / Russia in
the Balkans
Assassination
• 28 June 1914
• Heir to Austrian
throne Franz
Ferdinand
Assassinated in
Sarajevo, BosniaHerzegovina by
Serbian Nationalists
• Black Hand – Serbian
Nationalist Group
Seal of the
Black Hand
group
Conflict in the Balkans
Large number of
different religions
and nationalities
Balkan Wars –
struggle for control
of the Peninsula
“Powder Keg of
Europe”
Conflict in the Balkans
Series of Unfortunate Events
Countries have an U.R.G.E. to go to war
• U. Ultimatum from A-H to Serbia
fails. Blank Check from Germany
• R. Russia as “Protector of the Slavs”
mobilizes her troops to support
Serbia
• G. Germany declares war on France
and Russia.
• E. England, “Protector of Belgium”,
declares war on Germany when
Germany marches through neutral
Belgium to attack France
“Demands must be
put to Serbia that
would be wholly
impossible for them
to accept …”
M.A.N.I.A.C.S
Wilhelm II
Germany
Franz Joseph
Austria-Hungary
VS.
Czar Nicholas II
Russia
David Lloyd George
Great Britain
George Clemenceau
France
Causes of WW1
•M. Militarism
•A. Alliances
•N. Nationalism
•I. Imperialism
•A. Assassination
•C. Conflict in the Balkans
•S. Series of diplomatic failures
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Militarism?
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Building up armed
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Which of the following defines an
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What was the Powder Keg of
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3. The weapons used in
WWI
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