Chapter 29: Civil Rights
Read pages 904 to 932. Answer the questions.
Section 1: Taking on Segregation
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What humiliating event did Jo Ann Gibson Robinson face in 1955?
How did the segregation system work?
What did the famous court case of Plessy v. Ferguson say about segregation?
What was flawed about the ruling?
During WWI, what did many southern African Americans decide to do?
In what way is American segregation similar and different to South African Apartheid?
How did WWII set the stage for the civil rights movement?
How was Charles Hamilton Houston influential?
What were the major accomplishments of Thurgood Marshall?
What was at stake in the court case Brown v. Board of Topeka Kansas?
What ruling did Chief Justice Earl Warren make?
How did the state of Arkansas resist Brown v. Board decision?
Who were the Little Rock Nine?
What steps did President Eisenhower take to resolve the Little Rock Crisis?
What historic action did Rosa Parks take in 1955?
Who emerged as the leader of the Montgomery Bus Boycott?
How did the boycott achieve success?
Eventually what position did the Supreme Court take on the segregated buses of Montgomery?
What ideas and philosophies did Martin Luther King bring to the civil rights movement?
What organization did King start?
What was this purpose of this group?
What organization did college students start?
What new tactic did CORE and SNCC create in Greensboro, NC?
How does it work?
Section 2: The Triumphs of a Crusade
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Who were the freedom riders?
What was James Peck’s experience as a freedom rider like?
Who was the leader of the Freedom Riders?
What role did Federal Marshals play in the Freedom Rider Movement?
What happened to a Freedom Rider bus in Montgomery?
Who was James Meredith?
What courageous act did he undertake?
What happened at the college because of what Meredith was trying to do?
Who invited King to Birmingham?
Why was Birmingham perhaps the toughest of all places in the south?
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Who was the antagonist in Birmighham?
What were his tactics to stop King and SCLC?
What historic document did King compose in a jail?
What did it say?
What role did JFK play in the Birmigham demonstrations?
Who organized the March on Washington?
What was the name of King’s famous speech?
What did he say in the speech?
Why is this perhaps the greatest piece of oratory in the history of America?
What important law was passed by Congress?
What was the long term impact of this law?
Which president made this law possible?
What was Freedom Summer?
How did the KKK react to Freedom Summer?
Who was Fannie Lou Hamer?
Why was she upset with Presdent Johnson?
What was the purpose of the Selma campaign?
What happened to the protesters on March 7th?
How did President Johnson respond to the violence?
What important law was passed because of the Selma to Montgomery March?
Why was this the last major civil rights victory?
Section 3: Challenges and Changes IN the Movement
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Who was Alice Walker?
What kind of experience did she have during the civil rights movement?
What is de jure segregation?
What is de facto segregation?
Where was de facto segregation found the most?
What did Dr. King try to do about this in Chicago?
What was the result of Dr. King’s efforts?
Why were so many cities like Watts in LA erupting into riots?
Who was Malcolm X?
What was the purpose of Nation of Islam?
What important principles did he stand for?
Why was Malcolm X controversial?
What happened to him in 1965?
What was the Black Power movement?
Who was Stoekely Carmichael?
Why was his black power slogan controversial?
What is positive about the black power movement?
Who were the Black Panthers?
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Why did many Americans fear them?
What righteous causes did the Black Panthers stand up for?
What happened to Dr. King in 1968?
Where did this happen?
Who was the shooter?
How did the nation react to the death of Dr. King?
Why do you think the worst riots in US history were the night of his death?
What important findings did the Kerner Commission report on?
What is affirmative action?
Who is Shirley Chisolm?
Why is 1968 one of the biggest turning points of US History?