1.) What was the name of Theodore Roosevelt’s reform plan for problems created by industrialization?
a.) Raw Deal b.) New Freedom c.) Square Deal d.) New Deal
2.) The Roosevelt Corollary was seen as being built upon the a.) Open Door Policy b.) Platt Amendment c.) Monroe Doctrine d.) Declaration of Independence
3.) The Payne-Aldrich Tariff a.) Raised tariffs significantly c.) Cut tariffs significantly b.) Imposed new tariffs d.) Cut tariffs hardly at all
4.) Who is associated with the Big Stick Policy (“Speak softly but carry a big stick”)?
a.) President Taft b.) President Monroe c.) Secretary of State John Hay d.) President Roosevelt
5.) Which countries did Theodore Roosevelt negotiate peace between to win the Nobel
Peace Prize in 1906?
a.) Russia and Japan b.) China and Japan c.) North Korea and South Korea d.) Russia and other European powers

Objective 7.1: Explain the conditions that led to the rise of Progressivism
Objective 7.2: Analyze how different groups made economic and political gains in the Progressive
Period

• War hero (Rough
Riders)
• Governor of New York
• Vice President of
McKinley
• Becomes president when
McKinley assassinated

• Theodore Roosevelt’s reform plan for problems created by industrialization
• Treat all people “square”
• Three C’s of Square Deal
• Conservation of Natural
Resources
• Control of Corporations
• Consumer Protection
• Protected Middle Class
• Trustbuster
• Strengthened the Presidency again - “Bully Pulpit” - ( a terrific platform from which to advocate an agenda.)

• Trusts controlled 4/5ths of industry
• Roosevelt believes in good and bad trusts
• Breaks up some trusts
• Railroad regulated
– Northern Securities v. United States
– Supreme Court ruled against the stockholders of the Great Northern and Northern Pacific railroad companies, who had essentially formed a monopoly, and to dissolve the Northern Securities Company.

• Russo-Japanese War
– Roosevelt helped negotiate peace between Japan and Russia
– Won the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts
• Sets example of President mediating conflicts

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by Upton Sinclair
– Meant to expose problems of working people in meatpacking industry but sickens people
• Led to the passage of…
• Meat Inspection Act
• Pure Food and Drug Act
• Food and Drug Administration
(FDA)

• Industry eating up many natural resources
• Pollution
• Roosevelt loved the outdoors
(He loved to hunt)
• Sets up National parks
• Set aside large portions of forests
• Developed land for common good

• Trying to improve the country’s social, economic and political life.
• Progressivism was partly a reaction against laissez-faire economics, which emphasizes an unregulated free market.
• Emphasized some Socialist ideals, but different from Socialism
• Socialists
• Eugene V. Debs
• Henry George
• Edward Bellamy

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• Salvation Army

• Progressives thought government needed to play a more active role in solving society’s problems
• Government Reforms:
– Efficiency progressives believed that cities should be run by a city manager or commissioners
– Publicly owned utilities
• Voting Reforms:
– Direct primaries
– Initiatives
– Referendums
– Recall
– Direct election of senators
• Robert La Follette – Wisconsin became a model for political reform under him

• Journalists with willingness to expose the corruption of United States society.
• Teddy Roosevelt nicknamed them “Muckrakers”
• Ida Tarbell
– The History of the Standard Oil Company
• Upton Sinclair
– The Jungle
• Lincoln Steffins
– New York Reporter who investigated corruption in the government
• Jacob Riis
– Used his writing and photography help the impoverished citizens of New York by making people aware of the living conditions of tenements

• Western states lead the way
• National American Woman
Suffrage Association
– Susan B. Anthony
– Elizabeth Cady Stanton
– Lucy Stone
• WWI helped get women the 19 th amendment
• 19 th Amendment
– Prohibits any United States citizen to be denied the right to vote based on sex.

• Problems:
– Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire
• Solutions:
– Muller vs. Oregon
• Justified sexual discrimination and labor laws by upholding
Oregon state restrictions on the working hours of women as justified by the special state interest in protecting women's health
– Florence Kelley
• Fought against sweatshops and for the minimum wage, eighthour workdays, and children's rights
– Settlement Houses/Jane Addams
– Limits on child labor

• 16 th Amendment - Allows the federal government to collect income tax
• 17 th Amendment - Establishes the direct election of United States Senators by popular vote
• 18 th Amendment - Establishes prohibition of alcohol (Later repealed with 21 st
Amendment)
• Prohibition
– Alcohol is illegal
– Temperance Movement
– Carrie Nation
• Radical member of Temperance Movement that would attack alcohol establishments with a hatchet
– Woman's Christian Temperance Union
• First mass organization among women devoted to social reform
– Volstead Act
• Enacted to carry out the intent of the 18 th Amendment (which prohibited the transportation, manufacturing, or sale of intoxicating liquor)

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