Chapter 9 SECTION 3
Guided Reading and Review
The World of Jim Crow
A. AS YOU READ
Main Idea: During the 1890s, southern states employed several tactics to deny African
Americans the vote.
1. They required voters to own property or pay a poll tax.
2. They required all voters to pass a literacy test designed to keep Afr. Am. from voting.
3. They passed laws exempting most whites from voting restrictions.
Main Idea: In the South, society was organized according to the Jim Crow system.
4. Laws required segregation of the races in public places.
5. The Supreme Court upheld the legality of Jim Crow in Plessy v. Ferguson.
6. Facilities designated for African Americans were almost always inferior.
Main Idea: African Americans responded to discrimination in several ways.
7. Some Afr. Am. advocated black pride and emigration to Africa.
8. Others joined the NAACP, which was founded to abolish segregation and discrimination,
and to gain civil rights for blacks
9. Some Afri. Am. founded organizations to help blacks, such as the National Urban League
and the National Negro Business League.
B. REVIEWING KEY TERMS
Identify how each of the following terms relates to the world of Jim Crow.
10. poll tax- This tax, which voters had to pay before voting, was one way southern states
tried to keep Afri. Am. from voting
11. grandfather clause- Laws with grandfather clauses were meant to allow whites to
qualify to vote but prevent blacks from voting.
12. Plessy v. Ferguson- This Supreme Court decision held that segregation was legal as long
as Afr. Am. had equal facilities.
13. lynching- Lynching was the murder of an accused person by a mob without a lawful
trial. Blacks were frequently lynched by whites for no real reason, partly as a way of
intimidating African Americans.
14. National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)- This group was
organized to fight against segregation, discrimination and racism.
Chapter 9
SECTION 4
Guided Reading and Review
The Changing Roles of Women
A. AS YOU READ
1. What were the arguments on both sides of the woman question?
Women’s rights advocates demanded the right to vote, the right to control their own
Property and income, and access to higher education and professional jobs.
Opponents insisted that giving women economic and political power would upset the
social order, and allowing them public roles would destroy their femininity.
2. How did technological advances in the late 1800s change women’s work in the home?
In general, technology made the production of food and clothing easier and made houseWork less time-consuming- but only for those who had access to the technology.
3. What advantages did department stores and mail-order catalogs have over general
stores? They could carry a wider variety of goods and offer them at cheaper prices.
4. How did employers discriminate against women working outside the home?
They rarely gave them supervisory jobs of advanced training, and the paid then lower
wages than men
5. How did women professionals fare in the working world? Self-supporting women were
discouraged from entering fields that put them in competition with men. Also, many
people believed that women did not have the mental capacity for professional training.
Many educated women became nurses, teachers, or clerical workers.
6. How did women’s clubs benefit the women who joined them?
They gave women self-confidence and experience in speaking, writing, and financial
skills
7. In addition to economic and political rights, what other issues concerned women by the
early 1900s? dress, behavior, courting and marriage customs, legalized spread of
information about birth control.