Chapter 10
Cell division
Review
This spot that holds the 2
chromatid copies together
is called a
centromere
______________________
The phase of the cell cycle
in which cells stop dividing all together.
G0
Cell division in bacteria
cells is called
Binary fission
_______________________
Phase of the cell cycle in which
DNA is copied
S (synthesis)
The proteins that control the cell cycle
cyclins
Phase of the cell cycle
in which the nuclear
membrane is present
and DNA is spread out
into chromatin. interphase
Type of cell division in eukaryotic
cells that results in 2 identical
daughter cells.
mitosis
List the phases of mitosis in order
starting with prophase.
Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase,
cytokinesis
Phase of mitosis that follows
anaphase
telophase
Phase of the cell cycle that follows G2
Mitosis (prophase)
This network of fibers
that attach and pull
the chromosomes
apart is called the
mitotic ______________
spindle
This cell is in
__________________
prophase
G1, S, and G2 make up this phase
of the cell cycle.
interphase
Area near the nucleus that contains
the centrioles and helps to organize
spindle formation centrosome
______________
The place in the cell membrane of
an animal cell that pinches in
during cytokinesis is called a
____________________
cleavage furrow
Plant cells can’t pinch to divide,
instead they form a _______________
cell plate
to divide.
This phase of the
cell cycle is
anaphase
______________
Part of interphase in which the
cell grows to mature size and carries
out its job.
G
1
Phase of mitosis that follows
prophase
metaphase
Phase of the cell cycle that follows S
G2
This phase of the
cell cycle is
metaphase
________________
Phase of the cell cycle cell’s spend
most of their time in.
G1 of interphase
Disorder in which body cells lose
their ability to control cell
division
cancer
One of 2 identical arms
that make up a
chromosome
chromatid
DNA that is all spread out in
an interphase nucleus is called
________________
chromatin
Phase of mitosis in which the
nuclear membrane and nucleolus
disappear and the DNA scrunches
into chromosomes.
prophase
In this part of interphase cells
make the molecules and organelles
needed for cell division
G2
The 2 copies of each chromosome
are called ______________
homologous
chromosomes because are the same size,
same shape, and carry genes for the
same traits.
These structures
at the poles which
attach to the spindle
fibers and pull the
chromosomes.
centrioles
The cell above is in ______phase
meta
When chromatin scrunches together
chromosome
it is called a _________________
One of 2 identical arms
that make up a chromosome
chromatid
Phase of mitosis that follows
metaphase
anaphase
Phase of the cell cycle that follows G1
S
This cell is in
___________
anaphase
Phase of cell division in which
the nuclear membrane returns and
chromosomes spread out into
chromatin. telophase
This cell is in
__________
telophase
The cell above is a _________
cell.
Plant
animal
plant
You can see the cell plate
forming in center instead
of a cleavage furrow.
Substance that causes cancer
carcinogen
Phase of the cell cycle after S phase
in which cells make the molecules
and organelles needed for cell division
G2
Phase of mitosis in which chromatids
separate and move to opposite
ends of the cell.
anaphase
The very first dividing phase is
prophase
_______________
Phase of the cell cycle where cells
spend most of their time. They
grow bigger and they do their job
as body cells.
G1
List the phases of mitosis in order
starting with interphase
Interphase, prophase, metaphase,
anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis
This is called a
______________
Cleavage furrow
an animal
This cell is _____________
cell.
Plants don’t have cleavage furrows.
an animal
a plant
Condition in which a cell grows
too big for its DNA to handle the
demand for information
DNA overload
What happens to telomeres in
cells as the get older?
They get shorter
What happens to the
surface area/volume ratio as cells
increase in size?
It decreases
Telomeres in cancer cells are
longer
____________
than in normal cells.
longer
shorter
increased
Cancer cells have __________
levels
decreased increased
of telomerase.
Process by which a normal cell
becomes a cancer cell
transformation
Substance that can damage DNA
and cause cancer
carcinogen
Enzyme that replaces the protective
telomeres on the ends of
chromosomes
telomerase
The shut down of cell division in
cells when they touch neighboring
cells
Contact inhibition
Enzyme that replaces the protective
telomeres on the ends of
chromosomes
telomerase
The shut down of cell division in
cells when they touch neighboring
cells
Contact inhibition
Spread of cancer cells to a new
place in the body
metastasis
Protective ends on the tips of
chromosomes
telomeres
The requirement that dividing cells
need to be attached to a surface in
order to divide
Anchorage dependence
Gene that turns on DNA repair and
apoptosis genes and controls the
passage of cells into cell division which
is often mutated in cancer cells
p53
Prophase (P)
Metaphase (M) Anaphase (A) Telophase (T)
Interphase (I)
INTERPHASE
________________ DNA is all spread out as chromatin
and nuclear membrane is visible
PROPHASE
________________ DNA scrunches up and
chromosomes are first visible
INTERPHASE
________________
Made up of G1, S, G2
METAPHASE
________________
Chromosomes line up in middle of
cell
Prophase (P)
Metaphase (M) Anaphase (A) Telophase (T)
Interphase (I)
INTERPHASE
_______________ DNA is copied and cell prepares to
divide
ANAPHASE
_______________
Chromatid arms separate and move to
opposite ends of the cell
_______________
TELOPHASE Chromosomes unwind into chromatin
& nucleus returns
PROPHASE
_______________
Nuclear membrane & nucleolus
disappear
Prophase (P)
Metaphase (M) Anaphase (A) Telophase (T)
Interphase (I)
TELOPHASE
__________________
Two nuclei are visible
__________________
PROPHASE
First dividing phase
PROPHASE
___________________
Centrosomes containing
centrioles & spindle fibers
appear next to nucleus
__________________Cytoplasm
is split between two cells
CYTOKINESIS
_________________
Spindle fibers and centrioles
TELOPHASE
disappear
S
G1
G2
G0
Mitosis (M)
Cytokinesis (C)
G1
_______
Cell is reading the DNA code and
“doing its job”
S
_______
Cell makes a copy of its DNA
G0
_______
Cells leave the cell cycle and stop dividing
M
_______
Division of chromosomes happens
S
G1
G2
G0
Mitosis (M)
Cytokinesis (C)
C
_______
Division of cytoplasm happens
_______
Cell makes the molecules and organelles
G2
needed for cell division
M
_______
Made up of telophase, anaphase, prophase,
and metaphase
THE END