CELLS
Definition of Cell
Cells are membrane-covered structures that
contain all of the materials necessary for life.
They are the building blocks of all living things.
*BRAIN POP - CELLS
Cell Theory
• Every living thing is made up of cells.
• Cells carry out the functions needed to
support life.
• Cells come only from other preexisting cells
through cell division.
Examples of Cells
Amoeba Proteus
Plant Stem
Bacteria
Red Blood Cell
Nerve Cell
Two Types of Cells
Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic
Prokaryotic
• Do not have a
nucleus and other
membrane covered
organelles.
• All Archaea and
Bacteria are
prokaryotic
organisms
Eukaryotic
•
Eukaryotes – are organisms that contain eukaryotic cells (cells that have a nucleus
and other membrane covered organelles)
•
Have a nucleus and other membrane covered organelles
•
Protist, Fungi, Plants, and Animals are Eukaryotic Organisms
Animal
Plant
“Typical” Animal Cell
Shape is CIRCULAR
“Typical” Plant Cell
Shape is RECTANGULAR
Cell Parts/Organelles
Found in Both Animal and Plant Cells!!!
*BRAIN POP - CELL ORGANELLES
Nucleus
(Plant and Animal Cells)
• Membrane-covered organelle that
contains DNA and controls all
activities within the cell
–DNA – heredity material that
controls all the activities of a cell
Cell Membrane
(Plant and Animal Cells)
• Outer layer of cell that
allows needed materials to
enter and leave a cell
Cytoplasm
(Plant and Animal Cells)
• Cellular fluid
surrounding a cell’s
organelles
Ribosome
(Plant and Animal Cells)
• A small organelle
in which proteins
are made from
amino acids
Mitochondria
(Plant and Animal Cells)
• A cell organelle in which food
molecules are broken down
to make ATP for the cell
(ENERGY)
• POWER HOUSE
Lysosome
(Plant and Animal Cells)
• Digest food
particles, waste, cell
parts and foreign
invaders
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
Cell Parts/Organelles
Found Only in Plant Cells Only!!!
Cell Wall
(Plant Cells)
• A structure found in
plant cells that
surrounds the cell and
provides strength and
support for the cell
• Cell Wall and Vacuole
Video Clip
Large Vacuole
(Plant Cells)
• A large structure
found in plant cells
that stores water and
other liquids
Chloroplast
(Plant Cells)
• An organelle found in plants
and algae cells where
photosynthesis occurs
• Contains chlorophyll – a
green pigment in chloroplast
that absorbs light energy for
photosynthesis
• Photosynthesis – the process
by which plants capture light
energy from the sun and
convert it into sugar
(glucose)
Photosynthesis
Plants Take In - Carbon Dioxide + Water + Light Energy (Sun)
Plants Make - Glucose (Food)
Plants Release – Oxygen
*Photosynthesis Brain Pop