Audio, Video, Technology and Film
Midterm Review
Write the name for the acronym and define the term.
XLS: Extreme Long Shot – Subject looks like a tiny spec in the distance.
LS: Long Shot – Subject fills about half the screen
MS: Medium Shot – shot from the waist up. Used in interviews when you have two people on screen.
CU: Close-up – shot from the neck or chin to the top of the head. Used to show emotion
MCU: Medium close up – shot from the chest to an inch above the head.
XCU: Extreme close-up: just the nose and eyes. Shows a lot of emotion
ES: Establishing shot – sets the scene/ establishes location
Define the angle with where it appears on a clock as well as a description
High Angle:
Birds eye View: 12:00 position. Shooting from directly overhead straight down on subject
Eye Level: 3:00 position: shot from eye level of subject. Most common shot
Low Angle: 4:00 – 5:00 position puts the subject in a stronger position/makes them seem more
powerful
Worm’s Eye View: 6:00 position shoots straight up from below the subject
Pan: Horizontal camera movement. Moving the camera side to side or from right to left or left to right
Tilt: Vertical camera movement. Moving up or down
Iris: Leave blank
Lens: An assembly of several glass discs placed in a tube on the front of a cameras whose purpose is to
concentrate the incoming light rays onto the surface of the imaging device.
Aperture: The opening of the camera lens that allows light to enter. Measured in f-stops
Beam Splitter: the portion of the camera which takes the white light captured by the lens and
splits into red, green, and blue light.
Progressive Scanning: The process of firing odd and even lines sequentially across the screen for
television
Interlaced Scanning: – The process of firing all the odd lines on the tv screen with the cathode ray in
one pass and returning to the top of the screen to fire all even lines in the second pass of the cathode
ray.
What is an interview? A conversation between two or more people whose purpose is to investigate and
explore facts, and give the viewer points of view of people directly affected by the story.
Closed-ended question: A question asked by a reporter that requires a short one or two word answer
Open ended Question: A question asked by a reporter that requires an in depth answer
Follow-up Question: Usually a question a reporter would ask after a closed ended question that allows
the interviewee to explain the rationale behind their answer to a previous question.
Omnidirectional: A microphone with a pick-up direction that is equally well all the way around it.
Unidirectional: A microphone that picks up sound from one direction. Usually the direction the mic is
pointed.
What are the three microphones that are described by how they are made?
Dynamic, Condenser and Ribbon
Which Microphone is the most durable? Dynamic
Hue: describes the wavelength of light color as we see it, red, green, and blue
Saturation : The measure of color purity or the amount of color diluted with white light
White Balance: The process of color celebrating a camera so it interprets color more realistically. Should
be the first step in setting up your camera
What is a Public Service Announcement? PSA a message for TV, Print or radio with the objective of
raising awareness, changing public awareness, changing public attitudes and behavior towards a social
issue.
NTSC Frame rate Standard for TV and Movies: TV = 29.9 or 30 FPS Movies = 24 FPS
Three areas of production: Pre-production, Production and Post-Production