Cinematography
• The manipulations of the film strip by the
camera in the shooting phase and by the
laboratory in the developing phase.
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Shot scale/ distance
Camera angles
Camera movement
Shot duration ( the long take)
Lenses
Extreme Long Shot (ELS)
Long Shot (LS)
Medium Long Shot (MLS) “plan américain”
Medium Shot (MS)
Medium Close-up (MCU)
Close-up (CU)
Extreme Close-up (ECU)
Straight-on angle
High-angle
Low-angle
• Pan: camera is set on the tripod turning left
or right. On the screen, the camera appears
to scan the space horizontally.
TILT
• Tilt: camera is fixed on a tripod swivels up
or down. This movement produces a
vertical scan.
Tracking Shot
Crane Shot
Focal Length
• the distance from the center of the lens to
the point at which the light rays meet in
sharp focus. This length determines
perspective relations and depth cues on the
flat screen surface.
Wide Angle
• short focal length (30 mm or less) which
produces a wider angle of view.
Normal lens: 35-50 mm
Wide-Angle Lens : 30 or less
Telephoto Lens
• lens with a long focal length (75mm or
more) that affects a scene’s perspective by
enlarging distant planes and making them
seem close to the foreground planes.
Depth of Field
• the range of distance within which objects
can be photographed and remain in sharp
focus.