The Australian, 24 July
The Herald-Sun, 24 July
The Age, 24 July The Herald-Sun, 24 July
The Australian Financial Review, 24 July
The Canberra Times, 24 July
The Courier Mail, 24 July
The Australian, 24 July

Population
Family and community
Health
Education and training
Work
Economic resources
Housing
Other areas of concern


…by Remoteness Areas
…change 1996-2006

…which towns?
…socio-demographic changes

Remoteness Areas and population distribution at 30 June 2006
Source: ABS preliminary Estimated Resident Population

Population change 1996 –2006(a)
2
1.5
1
% 0.5
0
-0.5
-1
Major Cities
Inner Regional
Outer Regional
Remote
Very Remote
(a) Average annual growth rate
Source: ABS preliminary Estimated Resident Population

Population change in States and Territories
2.5
1996 –2006(a)
2
%
1.5
1
0.5
0
WA
NSW
Vic
Qld
SA
Tas
NT
ACT
(a) Average annual growth rate
Source: ABS Estimated Resident Population

Interstate Migration
Highest Average Interstate Migration
Lowest Average Interstate Migration
-10
-20
-30
40
30
20
10
0
Qld
40
30
20
-40
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Year
Source: Australian Demographic Statistics
WA
NT
Vic
10
0
-10
-20
ACT
Tas
SA
-30
-40
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Year
NSW

Towns of the mineral boom

Rapid population growth

High proportion employed in mining

WA boom towns

Qld boom towns

SA boom towns

Population of boom towns
Paraburdoo (WA)
Dampier (WA)
Newman (WA)
Karratha (WA)
Dysart (Qld)
Moranbah (Qld)
Blackwater (Qld)
Middlemount (Qld)
Tieri (Qld)
Emerald (Qld)
Moura (Qld)
Roxby Downs (SA)
0 2 4 6
'000
8 10 12 14
Source: 2001 and 2006 ABS Censuses of Population and Housing
2001
2006

Population growth in boom towns 2001-2006
Paraburdoo (WA)
Dampier (WA)
Newman (WA)
Karratha (WA)
Dysart (Qld)
Moranbah (Qld)
Blackwater (Qld)
Middlemount (Qld)
Tieri (Qld)
Emerald (Qld)
Moura (Qld)
Roxby Downs (SA)
Australia
0 1 2 3 4
%
5
Source: 2001 and 2006 ABS Censuses of Population and Housing; Australian Demographic Statistics
6 7 8 9
Census-enumerated
Estimated resident

Male:female ratios in boom towns
Paraburdoo (WA)
Dampier (WA)
Newman (WA)
Karratha (WA)
Dysart (Qld)
Moranbah (Qld)
Blackwater (Qld)
Middlemount (Qld)
Tieri (Qld)
Emerald (Qld)
Moura (Qld)
Roxby Downs (SA)
Australia
Source: 2001 and 2006 ABS Censuses of Population and Housing
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Males per 100 females
2001
2006

Income of full-time workers in boom towns
Paraburdoo (WA)
Dampier (WA)
Newman (WA)
Karratha (WA)
Dysart (Qld)
Moranbah (Qld)
Blackwater (Qld)
Middlemount (Qld)
Tieri (Qld)
Emerald (Qld)
Moura (Qld)
Roxby Downs (SA)
Australia
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000
2001
2006
$ real m edian weekly incom e
Source: 2001 and 2006 ABS Censuses of Population and Housing; Consumer Price Index, Australia


Voluntary work
…increase in voluntary work
…who is volunteering regularly?
…what type of volunteering are they doing?

Volunteering rates
40
35
30
25
% 20
15
10
5
0
1995 2000 2006
Year
Source: ABS 2006 Voluntary Work Survey
Males
Females

Volunteering rates: States and Territories
WA
NSW
Vic
Qld
SA
Tas
NT
ACT
1995
2006
0
5
10 20
15 25
% Persons
30
35
40
45
Source: ABS 2006 Voluntary Work Survey

Regular volunteering by age and sex 2006
35
30
25
20
%
15
10
5
0
18-24 35-44 55-64
25-34 45-54
Age group (years )
65-74
75+
Males
Females
Source: ABS 2006 Voluntary Work Survey

Regular volunteering by age 2006
35
30
25
20
%
15
10
5
0
18-24 35-44 55-64
25-34 45-54
Age group (years )
65-74
Source: ABS 2006 Voluntary Work Survey
75+
WA
Aus

Regular volunteers by type of organisation 2006
Sport & physical recreation
Education & training
Community/welfare
Relig ious
Parenting , children & youth
Emerg ency services
Arts/heritag e
Health
Environment/animal welfare
Other
0 10 20 30
%
Source: ABS 2006 Voluntary Work Survey
40 50 60
Mal es
Femal es


Risk taking by young people
… alcohol, drugs & dangerous driving
…hospitalisation & death

Complementary therapies
… have become more common
…who are they & who is seeing them?

Risk taking by young people
Short term risky/high risk drinking at least once a week 2004 –05
%
10
8
6
4
2
0
20
18
16
14
12
18-24 25+
Age group (years)
Source: ABS 2004 –05 National Health Survey
Males
Females

Short term risky/high risk drinking at least once a week 2004 –05
WA
NSW
Vic
Qld
SA
Tas
NT(a)
ACT
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
%
(a) Data are not available for the Northern Territory
Source: ABS 2004 –05 National Health Survey
18-24
25+

1000
Dangerous driving related offences
2006 –07
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
–
Exceeding the legal alcohol limit
–
Driving under the influence
–
Dangerous or negligent driving
–
Speeding
200
100
0
15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45+
Source: ABS Criminal Courts Collection

Alcohol and drug-related hospitalisations 2005 –06
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69 70+
Age group (y ears)
Source: AIHW Hospital Morbidity Database
–
Males, drug use
–
Females, drug use
–
Males, acute alcohol intoxication
–
Females, acute alcohol intoxication

Transport accident deaths
(15-24 years)
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
1977-1979
1974-1976
1983-1985
1980-1982
1989-1991
1986-1988
1995-1997
1992-1994
2001-2003
1998-2000 2004-2006
Year of registration
Source: ABS Causes of Death collection
WA - males
WA - f emales
WA - persons
Aus - males
Aus - f emales
Aus - persons

Transport accident deaths
(15-24 years)
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
1977-1979
1974-1976
1983-1985
1980-1982
1989-1991
1986-1988
1995-1997
1992-1994
2001-2003
1998-2000 2004-2006
Year of registration
Source: ABS Causes of Death collection
NSW
Vic
Qld
NT
WA

Complementary therapies

Number of complementary therapists is small but growing quickly, from 4,787 in 1996 to 8,595 in 2006.

Fastest growing occupation group is osteopaths

Leading occupation groups are naturopaths and chiropractors

Complementary therapists
3,000
2,000
1996
2006
1,000
0
Chiropractor
Source: 1996 & 2006 Censuses of Population and Housing
Naturopath Acupuncturist Osteopath

Characteristics of therapists 2006
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Osteopath
Chiropractor
Homeopath
Acupuncturist Naturopath
Source: ABS 2006 Census of Population and Housing
Female
Employed part-time

Visits to therapists (last two weeks)
500
450
400
350
300
250
200
150
1995
2004-05
 Referral patterns
 Now covered by health funds
 Acceptance of effectiveness
 Higher disposable income
100
50
0
Chiropractor Acupuncturist
Naturopath Osteopath
Herbalist
Source: ABS 1995 and 2004 –05 National Health Surveys

Users of complementary therapists 2004 –05
% 3
2
1
6
5
4
0
0-14 15-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65-74 75+
Age group (years)
Source: ABS 2004
–05 National Health Survey


Education across Australia
…school retention rates
…non-school qualifications

Proportion of Australians with a non-school qualification (aged 25-64 years)
70
40
%
30
60
50
20
10
0
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Year
Source: ABS 1990-2006 Survey of Education and Work
–
Total with a non-school qualification
–
Advanced diploma and diploma or below
–
Bachelor degree or above

Non-school qualification by Area (Ages 25-64)
Major Cities
Inner Regional
Outer Regional
Remote
Very Remote
0 10 20 30
%
%
Source: ABS 1996 and 2006 Censuses of Population and Housing
40 50 60
1996
2006

People aged 25 –64 years with non-school qualifications: States and Territories
Tas
NT(a)
ACT
Aus
WA
NSW
Vic
Qld
SA
0 10
(a) Refers to mainly urban areas only
Source: ABS Survey of Education and Work
20 30
%
40 50 60 70 80
1997
-
2007

Year 7/8 to year 12 retention rates
100
95
90
% 65
60
55
85
80
75
70
50
45
40
35
Aus WA
30
1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Year
Source: National Schools Statistics Collection

Year 7/8 to year 12 retention rates
100
95
90
% 65
60
55
85
80
75
70
50
45
40
35
Aus NSW Vic Qld SA Tas NT ACT WA
30
1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Year
Source: National Schools Statistics Collection

Year 7/8 to year 12 retention rates: by sex, 2007
WA
NSW
Vic
Qld
SA
Tas
NT
ACT
0 40
20 60
%
Source: National Schools Statistics Collection
80
100
Males
Females

Education participation rate
(Ages 15-24)
70
65
60
55
50
45
40
35
1997 1998 1999
Aus WA
2000 2001 2002
Year
Source: ABS Survey of Education and Work
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Education participation rate
(Ages 15-24)
60
55
70
65
50
45
40
35
1997 1998 1999
Aus NSW Vic Qld SA Tas NT ACT WA
2000 2001 2002
Year
2003 2004 2005
Source: ABS Survey of Education and Work
2006 2007


Labour force participation across Australia
… sex and age
…part-time and full-time employment

Trade union members
… sex and age
…industry type

Labour force participation rate by sex
80
70
%
60
50
40
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008 as at June
Source: ABS Labour Force Survey
Males aged 15 years and over
Females aged 15 years and over

Employment trends for people aged 15 –64 years
..as a proportion of total employment
100
90
80
70
60
%
50
40
30
20
10
1989
1988
1991
1990
1993
1992
1995
1994
1997
1996
1999
1998
2001
2000
2003
2002
2005
2004
2007
2006 2008
Year as at June
Employed full-time
Employed part-time
Source: ABS Labour Force Survey

70
%
60
50
40
30
20
15–19
Labour force participation rate by age and sex 2008
100
90
Males
Females
80
20–24 25–34 35–44
Age group
45–54 55–59 60–64
Source: ABS Labour Force Survey

Labour force participation of people aged
55 –64 years
%
40
30
20
10
0
70
60
50
1988
1998
2008
Males Females
Source: ABS Labour Force Survey

Labour force participation rate:
States and Territories, persons aged 15-64 years
WA
NSW
Vic
Qld
SA
Tas
NT
ACT
40 50 60
% as at June
70 80 90
1998
2008
Source: ABS Labour Force Survey

Trade union membership
Unionisation rates by sex
50
45
Males
Females
40
35
%
30
25
20
15
10
1986 1990 1993 1995 1997 2000 2002 2004 2006
Year
Source: Trade Union Members, Australia, August 1986, Employee Earnings, Benefits and Trade Union
Membership, Australia, August 2007

Trade union membership
Unionisation rates by age
60
%
30
20
50
40
1986
2007
10
0
15–24 25–34 35–44
Age group
45–54 55 and over
Source: 1986 Survey of Trade Union Members and 2007 Survey of Employee Earnings, Benefits and Trade Union Membership

Unionisation rates: States and Territories
WA
NSW
Vic
Qld
SA
Tas
NT
ACT
0 10 20 30
%
40 50
Source: Trade Union Members, Australia, August 1986, Employee Earnings, Benefits and Trade Union Membership, Australia, August 2007
60
1986
2007

Unionisation rates by selected industry
1997 to 2007
Electricity, gas and water supply
Communication services
Education
Manufacturing
Mining
Health and community services
0 10 20 30
%
40 50
Source: 1997 Survey of Weekly Earnings of Employees and 2007 Survey of Employee Earnings, Benefits and Trade Union Membership
60
1997
2007
70

The number of industrial disputes have also declined
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
1988
1987
1990
1989
1992
1991
1994
1993
1996
1995
1998
1997
2000
1999
2002
2001
2004
2003
2006
2005 2007
Year
Source: Industrial Disputes, Australia,Dec 2007
...from
1,519 in 1987 to
135 in 2007


Government benefits, taxes and household income
…on household type

Women's incomes
…change over time

Real net national disposable income per person(a)
40000
38000
36000
$
34000
32000
30000
28000
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
Financial year ending 30 June
(a) Chain volume measure, reference year 2005-06
Source: Australian System of National Accounts
2004 2005 2006 2007

Household income
Mean weekly equivalised household income by income groups
1400
1200
1000
$
800
600
400
200
1997 1998 2000 2001
Year
2003 2004 2006
Low income
Middle income
High income
Source: ABS Survey of Income and Housing

Household income:
States and Territories 2005 –06
Mean weekly equivalised household income for all households
WA
NSW
Vic
Qld
SA
Tas
NT
ACT
200 300 400 500
$
600 700 800 900
Source: ABS 2005 –06 Survey of Income and Housing

...
redistribute economic resources from people with higher private incomes to those with lower private incomes
Final income =
Private income + Govt cash benefits – income tax + social transfers in kind – taxes on production
Private income: all forms of income except govt cash benefits.
Govt cash benefits: mainly pensions & allowances, family payments, baby bonus, rent assistance etc.
Social transfers in kind: include the value of goods & services provided or subsidised by govt. e.g. schooling, Medicare services, child care.
Taxes on production: intermediate taxes that producers pay in process of production and are passed on to consumers + GST and excise

From private to final income
2003 –04(a)
2500
2000
1500
$
1000
500
Private income
Gross income
Final income
0
Low est Second Third
Equivalised private income quintiles
(a) Average weekly value
Source: Government Benefits, Taxes and Household Income, Australia, 2003
–04
Fourth Highest

Net effect of taxes and benefits on the household income of selected life course groups 2003 –04(a)
Lone person <35
Couples only, ref person <35
Couple with dep children (eldest 0-4)
Couple with dep children (eldest 5-14)
Couple with dep children (eldest 15-24)
Couple with dependent & non-dep children
Couple with non-dep children
Couple only, ref person 55-64
Couple only, ref person 65+
Lone person 65+
All households
-500 -400 -300 -200 -100
$
(a) Average weekly value
Source: Government Benefits, Taxes and Household Income, Australia, 2003-04
0 100 200 300 400 500

Proportion of men and women in gross personal income quintiles 1982
25
20
%
15
35
30
10
5
0
Lowest
Source: Surveys of Income and Housing
Second Third
Income quintile
Fourth Highest
Women
Men

Proportion of men and women in gross personal income quintiles 1995 –96
%
20
15
10
5
0
35
30
25
Lowest
Source: Surveys of Income and Housing
Second Third
Income quintile
Fourth Highest
Women
Men

Proportion of men and women in gross personal income quintiles 2005 –06
%
20
15
10
5
0
35
30
25
Lowest
Source: Surveys of Income and Housing
Second Third
Income quintile
Fourth Highest
Women
Men


Renter Households
… renting versus home ownership

First home buyers
… rising cost of home loans

Proportion of households renting
1995-96 to 2005-06
20
%
15
10
30
25
Total renters(a)
Private renters
State/territory housing authority
5
0
1995-96 1996-97 1997-98 1998-99 1999-00 2000-01
Year
2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-08 2005-06
(a) Includes households renting from other landlords
Source: ABS Surveys of Income and Housing

Western Australia
30
25
20
%
15
10
5
0
1995–96
Source: ABS Surveys of Income and Housing
2005–06
Private landlord
State/territory housing authority
Other landlord

1200
Mean weekly housing costs and disposable household income after housing costs
PRIVATE RENTER
Weekly housing costs
Weekly disposable income af ter housing costs
1200
OWNER WITH A MORTGAGE
Weekly housing costs
Weekly disposable income af ter housing costs
1000 1000
800
$
600
$
800
600
400
400
200
200
0
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Financial year ended
Source: ABS Surveys of Income and Housing
0
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Financial year ended

During the year to March 2008 there were 135,000 housing finance commitments to first home buyers...
...equivalent to 6.4 commitments per 1,000 people
Between 1991 and 2008 average home loan commitments to first home buyers increased...
... from $96,100 to $215,000

Annual housing finance commitments to first home buyers(a)
8
Period in which FHBs were eligible for the additional grant on top of
FHOG (March 01 to June 02)
7
6
5
Introduction of the FHOG
(July 2000)
4
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Year ending March
(a) From significant lenders for owner occupation, excluding alterations and additions
Source: Housing Finance Australia, Australia, April 2008, Australian Demographic Statistics, December Quarter 2007

Average real housing loan commitment to first home buyers
$240
$220
$200
000s
$180
$160 average housing loan commitment (LHS) standard variable interest rate
(RHS)
$140
$120
$100
Sep-95 Sep-97 Sep-99
Source: ABS Housing finance, Australia, RBA Bulletin Statistical Tables
Sep-01 Sep-03 Sep-05 Sep-07
4
6
5
11
10
9
8
7

Real change in the size of an average housing loan(a) to a first home buyer
WA
NSW
Vic
Qld
SA
Tas
NT
ACT
0 50 100 150
$'000
(a) From significant lenders for owner occupation, excluding alterations and additions
Source: Housing Finance, Australia, April 2008; Consumer Price Index, Australia, March Quarter 2008
200 250
July 1991
March 2008


Internet access at home
… increase in Internet connections

Public transport use
… over time
… in Australian cities

Proportion of Australian households with access to the Internet
%
50
40
30
70
60
20
10
0
1998
WA
Aus
1999 2000
Source: Household Use of Information Technology, Australia
2001 2002 2003 2004
Year
2005 2006 2007

Proportion of Australian households with access to the Internet
%
50
40
30
70
60
20
10
0
1998
Vic
Qld
NSW
Tas
WA
1999 2000
Source: Household Use of Information Technology, Australia
2001 2002 2003 2004
Year
2005 2006 2007

Internet use by education and income
2006
100
%
70
60
50
90
80
40
30
20
10
0
Q1 Q2 Q3
Household income quintile
Source: 2006 Census of Population and Housing
Q4 Q5
No non-school qual
Certificate
Diploma/Advanced diploma
Bachelor degree or higher

50
Proportion of households with dial-up or Broadband Internet connection
40
30
%
20
10
0
2004-05 2005-06
Year
Source: Household Use of Information Technology, Australia, 2006-07
2006-07
Broadband connection
Dial-up connection

Type of Internet access:
State and Territory 2006
80
70
60
50
%
40
30
20
10
0
WA NSW Vic
Source: ABS 2006 Census of Population and Housing
Broadband
Other Internet
Qld SA Tas NT ACT

Proportion of passenger-kms travelled by motorised vehicle type: capital cities – 1945 to 2007
%
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
Public transport
Other motor vehicles
30
20
10
0
1945 1948 1951 1954 1957 1960 1963 1966 1969 1972 1975 1978 1981 1984 1987 1990 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005
Year
Source: Bureau of Transport and Regional Economics (BTRE), 2007, Estimating urban traffic and congestion cost trends for Australian cities

Proportion of adults using public transport for their usual trip to work or study
...percentage change between 1996 & 2006
10
%
0
-10
-20
40
30
20
-30
-40
Perth Sydney Melbourne Brisbane Adelaide Hobart Canberra Australia
Source: ABS 1996 Environment Survey and ABS 2006 Household Survey of Waste Management and Transport Use

People using public transport as main form of transport for usual trip to work or study(a) in capital cities(b)
40
MALES
40
FEMALES
35 35
30 30
25 25
%
20
15
1996
2006
%
20
15
10 10
5 5
0
18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54
Age Group (Years)
(a) As a proportion of the total number of persons in each age group
(b) Excludes Darwin
55+
0
18-24
Source : ABS 2006 Household Survey of Waste Management and Transport Use and ABS 1996 Environment Survey
25-34 35-44 45-54
Age Group (Years)
55+


AST review
…frequency of release
…format

AST 2009
…unpaid housework
…superannuation
…homelessness

 www.abs.gov.au
Australian Social Trends
ABS catalogue number 4102.0

Dr Paul Jelfs paul.jelfs@abs.gov.au
Phone: (02) 6252 6690

Linda Fardell linda.fardell@abs.gov.au
Phone: (02) 6252 7187