Advanced Accounting by Debra Jeter and Paul Chaney Chapter 4: Consolidated Financial Statements after Acquisition Slides Authored by Hannah Wong, Ph.D. Rutgers University 4-0 Accounting for Investments Influence Ownership Accounting Treatment No significant influence <20% Cost method Significant influence 20 - 50% Partial equity method Control >50% Cost, partial equity, or complete equity method; Consolidation 4-1 Accounting Methods for Investments Cost Method The investment account is adjusted only when additional shares are purchased or sold Partial Equity Method The investment account is adjusted for the investor’s share of investee income and dividends Complete Equity Method Additional adjustments are made for unrealized intercompany profit and amortization of purchase differential 4-2 Cost Method Investment Related Accounts of Parent Investment in S Acquisition Cost Liquidating dividend Dividend Income Share of dividends declared of S 4-3 Partial Equity Method Investment Related Accounts of Parent Investment in S Acquisition Cost Equity in subsidiary income Share of dividends declared Equity in subsidiary income Equity in subsidiary loss Equity in subsidiary income Equity in subsidiary loss 4-4 Complete Equity Method Investment Related Accounts of Parent Investment in S Acquisition Cost Equity in subsidiary income Share of dividends declared Equity in subsidiary income Equity in subsidiary loss Equity in subsidiary income Equity in subsidiary loss Amortization of goodwill 4-5 Cost Method - Eliminating Entries (EE) Year of Acquisition The Investment Entry Common Stock - S Company Other Contributed Capital - S Company 1/1 Retained Earnings - S Company Difference between cost and book value Investment in S Company Note: eliminate beginning retained earnings of the subsidiary 80,000 40,000 32,000 13,000 165,000 This entry is the same as the investment entry on the acquisition date (true for the first year only) 4-6 Cost Method - Eliminating Entries (EE) Year of Acquisition The Differential Entry Land Difference between cost and book value To allocate the differential between cost and book value to the appropriate account(s) 13,000 13,000 This entry is the same as the differential entry on the acquisition date 4-7 Cost Method - Eliminating Entries (EE) Year of Acquisition The Dividend Entry Dividend income - P Dividends declared - S To avoid double counting of income 8,000 8,000 To eliminate the contra-equity account of the subsidiary 4-8 Noncontrolling Interest in Income Noncontrolling Interest in Income Reported income of S + - Adjustments Adjusted NI of S x Noncontrolling % Noncontrolling interest in income 4-9 Controlling Interest in Income Controlling Interest in Income Reported income of P + + Adjustments (Adjusted NI of S) x (P %) Controlling interest in income 4 - 10 Consolidated Retained Earnings Consolidated Retained Earnings Reported R/E of P + - Consolidated NI Dividends declared of P Consolidated R/E 4 - 11 Cost Method EE’s After Year of Acquisition The Reciprocal Entry Investment in S Company 1/1 Retained Earnings - P Company Adjust the investment account to equal the amount it would have under equity method 16,000 16,000 Adjust P’s reported beginning R/E to equal beginning consolidated R/E Other Entries (similar to the first year EE) 4 - 12 Equity Method EE’s Year of Acquisition The Income Entry Equity in subsidiary income Investment in S Company 24,000 24,000 (To eliminate equity in net income included in reported NI of P) The Dividend Entry Investment in S Company Dividends declared 8,000 8,000 (To eliminate intercompany dividend) These two entries return the investment account to its beginning balance, to be matched against the subsidiary’s beginning R/E in the next EE. 4 - 13 Equity Method EE’s Year of Acquisition The Investment Entry Common Stock - S Company Other Contributed Capital - S Company 1/1 Retained Earnings - S Company Difference between cost and book value Investment in S Company Note: eliminate beginning R/E of the subsidiary 80,000 40,000 32,000 13,000 165,000 The Differential Entry Land Difference between cost and book value 13,000 13,000 To allocate the differential between cost and BV to the appropriate account(s) 4 - 14 More on Eliminating Entries Equity Method EE’s After Year of Acquisition Similar to entries in the year of acquisition Intercompany revenue and expenses Interest revenue Interest expense 8,000 8,000 4 - 15 Interim Acquisitions Accounting under the purchase method Revenues and expenses of the subsidiary are included with those of parent only from the date of acquisition forward Beginning Acquisition End of S fiscal yr. date of S fiscal yr. Not included in consolidated NI Included in consolidated NI Net income of S 4 - 16 Interim Acquisitions Full Year Reporting Consolidated Income Statement Pre- Revenues and expenses of P + plus Post- acquisitionPost-acquisition revenues acquisition revenues and expenses revenues and expenses of and S expensesof S of S minus Pre-acquisition NI amount of S minus Noncontrolling interest in income Consolidated Net Income 4 - 17 Interim Acquisitions Partial Year Reporting Consolidated Income Statement Post- Revenues and expenses of P + acquisition plus revenues and expenses of S minus Noncontrolling interest in income Consolidated Net Income 4 - 18 Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows Purpose to reflect all cash outlays and inflows of the consolidated entity except those between parent and subsidiary 4 - 19 Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows Procedure derived from consolidated income statement beginning and ending consolidated balance sheets similar to unconsolidated firm, except: noncontrolling interests in combined income subsidiary dividends parent acquisition of additional subsidiary shares 4 - 20 Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows Cash inflow from operating activities indirect method: add back noncontrolling interest in combined income Cash outflow from financing activities includes subsidiary dividends to noncontrolling shareholders Cash outflow from investing activities excludes parent’s acquisition of additional subsidiary shares directly from subsidiary includes parent’s acquisition of additional subsidiary shares in open market 4 - 21 Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows Effect of method of payment in an acquisition cash acquisition: cash spent or received is included in the investing activity section of the cash flow statement stock acquisition: issuance of stock or debt is reported in the notes to the financial statements 4 - 22 Advanced Accounting by Debra Jeter and Paul Chaney Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduction or translation of this work beyond that permitted in Section 117 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act without the express written permission of the copyright owner is unlawful. Request for further information should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. The purchaser may make back-up copies for his/her own use only and not for distribution or resale. The Publisher assumes no responsibility for errors, omissions, or damages, caused by the use of these programs or from the use of the information contained herein. 4 - 23