Put I or X opposite each of the following
( )The lysosomes within a cell contain hydrolytic enzymes capable of digesting
particles within the cells.
( )One mechanism in the skin that prevents cells from becoming loose and
separating is the presence of junctions called desmosomes.
( )The centrioles are microtubules that play a significant role in ATP and energy
production.
( )Chromatin is the term for the loosely coiled appearance of DNA in a nondividing cell.
( )The sugar added to a water solution is termed the solvent.
( )Osmosis is the movement of water and can occur through any type of permeable
membrane.
( )Osmosis is considered a special case of diffusion and is passive in nature.
( )Microvilli act to secrete mucus because they are specialized cell structures.
( )The presence of keratin in cells tends to make them dry and hard.
( )Collagen is the most common type of protein fiber found in tendons and ligaments.
( )During the aging process the amount of elastic fibers in the skin actually
decreases.
( )The dermis has a rich blood supply while the epidermis is totally devoid of blood
vessels.
( )The amount of blood supply is directly proportional to the ability of a cell to divide
and remain vital.
( )The process of keratinization is directly related to the waterproofing function of the
dermis.
( )Increased exposure to sunlight actually maintains healthy skin and reduces the
effects of aging.
( )The papillary layer of the dermis partially explains the presence of fingerprints in
the epidermis.
( )The eccrine sweat glands are located in the axillary areas and respond to
emotional upsets.
( )In order to conserve heat, blood vessels in the skin constrict.
( )Although the bones in an elderly person represent dead tissue, they still
perform a function of support.
( )Most of the skeleton in an embryo is cartilage.
( )The presence of an epiphyseal plate on an X-ray of a person's shoulder area
indicates that growth has probably stopped.
( )Active exercise can actually cause an increase in the mass and strength of bone.
( )Yellow bone marrow has lost its ability to form blood cells.
( )A low level of blood calcium could be the cause that increases the activity of the
osteoclasts.
( )The flexure in the neck region will develop during a secondary process as the
infants raise their heads.
( )The sternal angle occurs between the first two parts of the sternum and has
diagnostic value.
( )The lower ribs are firmly attached to the xiphoid process.
( )There are seven carpals and eight tarsals.
( )The acetabulum is made up of the ilium and pubis bone.
( )The angle of the pubic arch is probably greater in the female than in the male.
( )In a shoulder injury, the articular cartilage would probably be one of the first parts
to heal.
( )The purpose for synovial fluid is to reduce the friction within joints and allow for an
increased range of motion.
( )Turning the sole of the foot inward is an example of eversion.
( )The part of the muscle that moves is referred to as its insertion.
( )A muscle causing flexion is the antagonist to one that could cause extension at the
same time.
( )The orbicularis muscles are sphincter muscles, which cause the eyes to squint and
lips compress.
( )The temporalis is attached to the temporal bone and plays its greatest role in
facial expression.
( )In general, the flexors of the hand and fingers are located on the posterior surface
of the forearm.
MCQ
( )The process, which divides the cytoplasm in half, is specifically termed _________.
a- karyokinesis
b-cytokinesis
c-mitosis
d- meiosis
( )The process that results in daughter cells with half of the original chromosome
number is _____.
a-Mitosis
b- prophase
c- meiosis
( )Which of the following would heal the slowest?
a- cartilage
b-tendon
c-ligament
d-cytokinesis
d- muscle
( )What is the collective term for all of the chemical processes occurring
within a cell?
a-metabolism
b-anabolism
c- catabolism
d- hydrolysis
( )A group of cells that performs a specific function is known as a _____.
a-organ
b- tissue
c-system
d-organelle
( )The _____ tissue is considered a type of lining for body areas.
a-epithelial
b-connective
c-simple squamous epithelium
d-simple columnar epithelium
e-serous membranes
( )Which tissue is thin and specialized for the diffusion of gases and ions?
a-cuboidal cells b-connective tissue
c-simple squamous epithelium
d-simple columnar epithelium
( )The air sacs in the lungs are comprised of _____ cells.
pseudostratified columnar
b-simple squamous
c- simple columnar
stratified squamous
( )The gastrointestinal tract is primarily lined with _____cells.
ad-
a- pseudostratified columnar
d- stratified squamous
b-simple squamous
c- simple columnar
Bone
epith
( )The respiratory passages are lined with _____ cells.
a- pseudostratified columnar
b-simple squamous
c- simple
elium
columnar
d- stratified squamous
cartil
age
( )Cilia have the function of removing foreign particles and mucus from the
adipo
surface of the _____ system.
a-digestive
b-reproductive
c-integumentary
d-respiratory se
( )The most protective cells against friction are the _____ cell types.
a-connective tissue
b-nervous
c-stratified squamous epithelium
d-pseudostratified
e-muscles
( )The _____ lining of the urinary bladder allows it to stretch without tearing
or losing integrity.
a-transitional epithelium
b- columnar
c -simple squamous
c- simple columnar
d- stratified squamous
( )What is the term for the space that a bone or cartilage cell lies in?
a-canaliculi
b-osteon
c-lacuna
d-Volkmann canal
( )The bone _____ are the concentric circles that surround a central blood vessel.
a-canals
b- osteocytes
c- lamellae
d-canaliculi
( )Blood is classified as a _____ tissue because it has cells embedded in a matrix.
a-epithelial
b-muscle
c-nervous
d-connective
( )The term intercalated disk is used to describe special cell junctions in which
tissue?
a-nervous
b-cardiac muscle
c-smooth muscle
d-connective
( )Which tissue has the functions of storing energy, acting as insulation, and
protecting organs such as the heart.
a- muscle
b-connective
c-adipose
d-nervous
( )Which type of membrane is comprised of only connective tissue?
a- mucous
b-synovial
c-cutaneous
( )The skin is called the _____ membrane.
a-epithelial
b- serous
c- synovial
d-serous
d-cutaneous
( )Which type of membrane is found around the abdominal organs?
a-mucous
b-serous
c-epithelial
d-cutaneous
( )The _____ separates the epidermis from the dermis.
a-basement membrane
b-presence of adipose
c-epithelial cells
d-subcutaneous layer
( )What is the major factor that protects skin from the damaging effects of sunlight?
a-keratin
b-langerhan cells c- fat
d- melanin
( )Cyanosis usually is the result of a reduction in _____.
a-melanin
b- hemoglobin
c-oxygen level
d-number of blood vessels
( )The part of the hair into the dermis is the _____.
a-shaft
b-root
c-follicle
d-dermal papilla
( )The darkness of hair is due mainly due to _____.
a-melanin
b-keratin
c-hair roots
d-hair shaft
( )The pigment _____ found in vegetables can impart a yellow or orange color to the
skin.
a-melanin
b-carotene
c-retiene
d-bilirubin
( )Most of the sensory fibers and structures are located in the _____ region.
a-demis
b-subcutaneous tissue
c-epidermis
d-stratum basale
( )Where is the greatest amount of keratin found?
a-dermis
b-stratum basale
c-stratum cornium
d-basement membrane
( )The stratum basale is also called the stratum _____.
a-cornium
b-germinativum c-spinosum
d-granulosum
( )The bones of the upper arm are classified as _____ bones.
a-short
b- long
c-irregular
d-flat
( )The _____ allows a bone to increase its diameter during periods of growth.
a-diaphysis
b-periostium
c-endostium
d-epiphysis
( )The long shaft of a bone such as the femur is called its ______.
a-epiphysis
b-diaphysis
c-periostium
d-epiphyseal plate
( )The articular ends of long bones are comprised of _____ tissue.
a-hyaline cartilage
b-fibrous
c-hemopoietic bone
( )The center of each osteon contains the _____.
a-osteoblast
b-Volkmann canal
c-Haversian canal
d-periostium
d- lacunae
( )Which of these developed by intramembranous ossification?
a-femur
b-frontal
c-ulna
d-radius
( )Which bone developed by endochondral ossification?
a-tibia
b-parietal
c-occipital
d-temporal
( )The _____ represents an area for growth in the length of a long bone.
a-diaphysis
b-epiphysis
c-epiphyseal plate
d-periostium
( )The _____ is able to break down the calcium matrix of bone tissue.
a-osteoblast
b-osteoclast
c-fibroblast
d-osteocytes
( )When do the bones of the sternum become completely ossified?
a-5years
b-12
c-20
d-25-40
( )A _____ fracture occurs when the broken bone is exposed to the outside by an
opening in the skin.
a-pathologic
b-simple
c-traumatic
d-open
( )Which is the first to occur following a bone fracture?
a-migration of fibroblast
c-osteoblast proliferation
b-formation of hematoma
d-formation of granulation tissue
( )The callus that forms around a bone fracture is comprised of _____ tissue.
a-bone
b- hyaline cartilage
c-fibrocartilage
d-granulation tissue
( )What is the final stage of healing following a fracture?
a-osteoclast remodeling
b-callus formation
c-osteoblast deposition
d-formation of cartilage
( )There are a total of _____ bones in the entire skeleton.
a-200
b-206
c-80
d-126
( )Which of the following is an axial bone?
a-femur
b-vertebra
c- ilium
d-tibia
( )Which of the following is an appendicular bone?
a-frontal
b-ethmoid
c-ulna
d-sacrum
( )Which bone has no direct bony articulation with the skeleton?
a-hyoid
b-manubrium
c-patella
d-terminal phalanx
( )The pectoral girdle is comprised of the clavicle and _____.
a-ribs
b-ulna
c-scapula
d-os coxa
( )How many phalanges are there in the body?
a-14
b-28
c-56
d-7
( )The coronal suture separates the _____ from parietal bones.
a-frontal
b-temporal
c-occipital
( )Which of the following is not a cranial bone?
a-frontal
b-lacrimal
c-sphenoid
d- ethmoid
d-ethmoid
( )The _____ suture separates the occipital from parietal bones.
lambdoidal
b-coronal
c-sagittal
d-squamous
( )Which bone contains the ear structures?
a-parietal
b-maxillary
c-temporal
d-sphenoid
( )Which sinus, or air cell area, has the potential of having a very serious
and painful inflammation that could spread to the brain?
a- mastoid
b-frontal
c- ethmoid
d-maxillary
( )What is the location of the pituitary gland?
a-
a-ethmoid
b-parietal
c-foramen magnum
d-sella turcica
( )Which bone has the crista galli projection?
a-ethmoid
b-sphenoid
c- frontal
d-maxilla
( )The hard palate is made of the palatine and _____ bones.
a-mandible
b-ethmoid
c-sphenoid
d-maxilla
( )What is found only on the cervical vertebrae?
a-spinous process
b-lamina
c-transverse process
d- transverse foramen
( )The first vertebra is called the _____.
a-axis
b-atlas
c-cervical
d-dens
( )A lateral deviation of the alignment of the vertebral column is called a
a-Kyphosis
b-lordosis
c-scoliosis
d-slipped disk
( )Which is the largest of the ankle bones?
a-cuboid
b-talus
c-calcaneus
d-first metatarsal
( )Which type of bone is the primary source of red marrow in an adult?
a-irregular
b-long
c-short
d-flat
( )Which of the following types of muscle are found in the stomach or blood vessels?
a-cardiac
b- skeletal
c-visceral
d-striated
( )A group of skeletal muscle fibers is called a/an _____.
a-fascicle
b-tendon
c-motor unit
d-origin
( )The structure that connects muscles to bones is the _____.
a-aponeurosis
b-tendon
c-ligament
d-fascicle
( )The fiber cell membrane is termed the _____ .
a-myofiber
b-myocin
c-sarcolemma
d-myofibril
( )The smallest, functional unit of contraction is the _____.
a-fiber
b-sarcomere
c-filament
d-myofibril
( )The gap between the muscle and a nerve is the _____.
a-synapse b-motor end plate
c-motor neuron d-neuroneural junction
( )The I bands in a sarcomere are made of _____ .
a-myocin
b-actin
c-actin and myocin
d-sarcomere
( )The chemical that crosses a neuromuscular gap is _____.
a-sodium
b-a protein
c-a neurotransmitter
d-calcium
( )The combination of a neuron and the muscle fiber it associates with is called
a/an _____ .
a-fascicle
b-moter end plate
c-motor unit
d- myoneural junction
( )The main neurotransmitter involved in skeletal muscle contraction is _____.
a-adrenaline
b-noradrenaline
c-acetylcholine
d-dopamine
( )Which molecule is produced during exercise, resulting in the oxygen debt?
a-glycogen
b-lactate
c-ATP
d-ADP
( )A single contraction of a muscle is called a ______.
a-threshold
b-twitch
c-myogram
d-tetanus
( )The complete contraction of a muscle, without the ability to relax, is called _____.
a- A sustained contraction b-fatigue c-tetanic contraction d-oxygen debt
( )The constant contraction of a percentage of fibers within a muscle is referred to as
_____.
a-tetany
b- tonus
c-sustained contraction
d-summation
( )Which of the following muscles always requires nerve impulses in order to
contract?
a-skeletal
b-cardiac
c-smooth
d-visceral
( )The presence of _____ allow cardiac muscle fibers to transmit impulses faster
among themselves.
a-cell membrane
b-nerve fiber
c-intercalated disks
d-peristalsis
( )The muscle is called the _____ when it is the main cause of the movement .
a-prime mover
b- flexor
c-synergist
d-antagonest
( )The sternocleidomastoid muscle was named because of its _____.
a-shape
b-size
c- location
d-points of attachment
( )Which muscle lines most of the inner cheek wall ,so help in mastication?
a- orbicularis oris
b-buccinators
c-temporalis
d-masseter
( )The following muscles belong together except which one?
a-masseter
b-temporalis
c-buccinators
d-orbicularis oris
( )Which of the following is attached to the calcaneus?
a-gastrocnemius
b-tibialis anterior
c-soleus
d- a+c