Chapter 11 CURRENT LIABILITIES PowerPoint Authors: Susan Coomer Galbreath, Ph.D., CPA Charles W. Caldwell, D.B.A., CMA Jon A. Booker, Ph.D., CPA, CIA Cynthia J. Rooney, Ph.D., CPA Winston Kwok, Ph.D., CA Copyright © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education (Asia). All rights reserved 11 - 2 C1 DEFINING LIABILITIES 11 - 3 C1 CLASSIFYING LIABILITIES Current Liabilities Long-Term Liabilities Expected to be paid within one year or the company’s operating cycle, whichever is longer. Not expected to be paid within one year or the company’s operating cycle, whichever is longer. 11 - 4 C1 CURRENT LIABILITIES Current Liabilities as a Percent of Total Liabilities 11 - 5 C1 UNCERTAINTY IN LIABILITIES Uncertainty in Whom to Pay Uncertainty in When to Pay Uncertainty in How Much to Pay 11 - 6 C2 KNOWN LIABILITIES Accounts Payable Sales Taxes Payable Unearned Revenues Short-Term Notes Payable Payroll Liabilities Multi-Period Known Liabilities 11 - 7 C2 SALES TAXES PAYABLE Sales taxes are called goods and services taxes in come countries. On August 31, Harvey Norman sold materials for $6,000 that are subject to a 10% goods and services tax (GST). $6,000 × 10% = $600 11 - 8 C2 UNEARNED REVENUES On June 30, Beyonce sells $5,000,000 in tickets for eight concerts. On Oct. 31, Beyonce performs a concert. $5,000,000 / 8 = $625,000 11 - 9 P1 SHORT-TERM NOTES PAYABLE A written promise to pay a specified amount on a definite future date within one year or the company’s operating cycle, whichever is longer. 11 - 10 P1 NOTE GIVEN TO EXTEND CREDIT PERIOD On August 23, Brady Company asks McGraw to accept $100 cash and a 60-day, 12% $500 note to replace its existing $600 Account Payable. 11 - 11 P1 NOTE GIVEN TO EXTEND CREDIT PERIOD On October 22, Brady pays the note plus interest to McGraw. Interest expense = $500 × 12% × (60 ÷ 360) = $10 11 - 12 P1 NOTE GIVEN TO BORROW FROM BANK 11 - 13 P1 NOTE GIVEN TO BORROW FROM BANK On Sept. 30, a company borrows $2,000 from a bank at 12% interest for 60 days. On Nov. 29, the company repays the principal of the note plus interest. Interest expense = $2,000 × 12% × (60 ÷ 360) = $40 11 - 14 END-OF-PERIOD ADJUSTMENT TO NOTES P1 Note Date End of Period An adjusting entry is required to record Interest Expense incurred to date. Maturity Date 11 - 15 P1 END-OF-PERIOD ADJUSTMENT TO NOTES On Dec. 16, 2011, a company borrows $2,000 from a bank at 12% interest for 60 days. An adjusting entry is needed on December 31. On Feb. 14, 2012, the company repays this principal and interest on the note. 11 - 16 P2 PAYROLL LIABILITIES Employers incur expenses and liabilities from having employees. 11 - 17 P2 RECORDING EMPLOYEE PAYROLL DEDUCTIONS An entry to record payroll expenses and deductions for an employee in Singapore might look like this. 11 - 18 C2 MULTI-PERIOD KNOWN LIABILITIES Includes Unearned Revenues and Notes Payable Unearned Revenues from magazine subscriptions often cover more than one accounting period. A portion of the earned revenue is recognized each period and the Unearned Revenue account is reduced. Notes Payable often extend over more than one accounting period. A threeyear note would be classified as a current liability for one year and a long-term liability for two years. 11 - 19 P4 ESTIMATED LIABILITIES An estimated liability is a known obligation of an uncertain amount, but one that can be reliably estimated. 11 - 20 P4 WARRANTY LIABILITIES Seller’s obligation to replace or correct a product (or service) that fails to perform as expected within a specified period. To comply with the full disclosure and matching principles, the seller reports expected warranty expense in the period when revenue from the sale is reported. 11 - 21 P4 WARRANTY LIABILITIES On Dec. 1, 2011, a dealer sells a car for $16,000 with a maximum one-year or 12,000 mile warranty covering parts. Past experience indicates warranty expenses average 4% of a car’s selling price. On Jan. 9, 2012, the customer returns the car for repairs. The dealer replaces parts costing $200. 11 - 22 C3 ACCOUNTING FOR CONTINGENT LIABILITIES 11 - 23 C3 POSSIBLE CONTINGENT LIABILITIES Potential Legal Claims – A potential claim is recorded if the amount can be reliably estimated and payment for damages is probable. Debt Guarantees – The guarantor usually discloses the guarantee in its financial statement notes. If it is probable that the debtor will default, the guarantor should record and report the guarantee as a liability. 11 - 24 A1 TIMES INTEREST EARNED Times interest = earned Profit before interest expense and income taxes Interest expense If profit before interest and taxes varies greatly from year to year, fixed interest charges can increase the risk that an owner will not earn a positive return and be unable to pay interest charges. 11 - 25 END OF CHAPTER 11