Chapter 2: Antacids
Antacids
This chapter will introduce the chemistry
needed to understand how antacids work.
Section 2.1: Types of Matter
Section 2.2: Naming Chemicals
Section 2.3: Writing Formulas
Section 2.4: Acids & Bases
Section 2.5: Characteristics of Acids & Bases
Section 2.6: Chemical Reactions
Section 2.7: Balancing Chemical Equations
Section 2.8: Speeding up Chemical Reactions
Antacids
Are a
Chemical
Formulas
Mixture
Used
in
Balanced
Chemical
Equations
Of different
Symbolized
with
Compounds
Symbolized
with
Some are
Acids &
Bases
undergo
Chemical
Reactions
Speed governed by
Collision
Theory
Why do we need antacids?
Your body needs hydrochloric acid to
digest food.
Too much causes heartburn, ulcers and
can damage your esophagus.
Antacids versus Acid Inhibitors
There are two types of medicines you can use.
Antacids
Acid Inhibitors
Neutralizes the acid currently
in your system
Controls the amount of acid
your body produces
Work quickly but your body
will make more acid again
Long-term solution, but
needs to build up in your
system to be most effective
Alka-Seltzer ®, Rolaids ®,
Tums ®, Malox ®, Mylanta ®
Tagamat ®, Zantac ®, Pepcid
AC ®
Is it fair when a commercial compares the fast action of an antacid to an
acid inhibitor that takes up to 7 days to build up?
Section 2.1—Types of Matter
Matter can be classified
Matter
Pure
Substances
Element
Compound
Mixtures
Homogeneous
(Solutions)
Heterogeneous
Matter
Anything that has ________ and takes up
space
Anything made from __________
Examples:
Molecules
Cells
People
Air
Water
Pure Substances versus Mixtures
Matter is classified as either a pure substance or a mixture.
Pure Substances
Mixtures
Every piece of
matter is the same;
represented by a
symbol or a formula
More than one type
of matter mixed
together;
composition can
vary
Elements versus Compounds
Pure substances are either elements or compounds
Elements
Compound
Every atom is the
___________ type
of atom
More than one type
of atom chemically
bonded together.
Every __________
is the same.
Elements
Single Atom
Element
Cannot be separated by
chemical or physical
processes
____________ substance
Every atom is the same.
Elements can be found on the periodic table!
Compounds
Single Molecule
Made of more than one type of
atom bonded together
Compound
Pure substance
Every ___________
is the same.
Can be separated by chemical
reactions only
Mixtures
Mixtures can be classified as homogeneous or heterogeneous.
Homogeneous
(aka “solution”)
It looks the same
throughout.
Examples:
Heterogeneous
Different matter can
be seen (chunks,
bubbles, floaties,
layers, etc.).
Examples:
Mixtures
>1 different
type of matter
Can be separated
chemically or physically
Mixture
-Not a pure substance
-_________________
combination of more than 1
type of pure substance
Mixture possibilities
Mixtures can be any combination of solids,
liquids and gases:
Solid-solid: Medicine tablet
Solid-gas: Pop Rocks candy
Solid-liquid: Ice water
Liquid-liquid: Lemon water
Gas-Liquid: Carbonated water
Gas-Gas: Air
True solutions, Colloids & Suspensions
True Solution
Colloid
Suspension
Particles don’t
settle out and are
too small to
scatter light
Particles don’t
settle out but are
large enough to
scatter light
Particles will settle
out over time
Dissolved Particle Size Increases
Particles Scattering Light
If the dissolved particles are large enough
to scatter light, we say it exhibits the
“Tyndall Effect”
Solution
Light passes through unchanged
Colloids exhibit the Tyndall Effect
Light is scattered by larger solute
particles
Connect these concepts with Antacids
What type of matter do you think antacids
are?
Choices…
Pure substance (Element or compound)?
Mixture (homogeneous or heterogeneous)?
Connect these concepts with Antacids
Antacids are _________________.
They contain active & inactive ingredients.
What purposes could the inactive
ingredients serve?
Connect these concepts with Antacids
Inactive ingredients might
Add enough volume to make the pill able to be
handled.
Add color.
Add flavor.
Allow the tablet to be compressed and formed.
Let’s Practice
Example:
Determine if
each is
element,
compound,
homogeneous
or
heterogeneous
mixtures
Tin foil
Copper pipe
Concrete
Carbon tetrachloride
Sports drink