Confined Space Working
Risk Assessment
Accidents in Confined Spaces may devastating and result in severe injury or death. Each year,
hundreds of people are injured or die as a result of entering confined spaces. The majority of deaths
in confined spaces are caused by hazardous atmospheres such as toxic gases, flammable
atmosphere or lack of oxygen. The remaining deaths are the result of physical hazards, where
workers may be crushed, struck by falling objects, or buried in materials.
To prevent unnecessary injuries or the loss of life, OSHA enacted the Permit-Required Confined
Spaces Standard (29 CFR 1910.146), effective April 15, 1993. The standard requires that all confined
spaces be identified and that a written program be generated to outline procedures required for
entry into those spaces.
Fire Protection Association of Pakistan is widely viewed today as the leading Health and Fire Safety
Consultant. Our experienced and qualified trainers have an average of more than 25 years of
experience The courses and training which have been design and provided by FPAP meet OSHA and
Confined Space Regulation 1997.
2-A, Sharfabad Club Building, B.M.C.H.S, Karachi- Pakistan
T : +92-21-32084284 W: www.fpap.org.pk
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What is Confined Space
A space large enough and so configured that an employee can bodily enter and perform assigned
work. In addition, a confined space has limited or restricted means for entry or exit, and is not
designed for continuous employee occupancy.
Examples of Confined Space are:
 Tank
 Ducts
 Trench
 Sanitary Sewers
 Boilers
 Coal Bunkers
 Silos
 Vaults
 Storage Hoppers etc
Standard Operating Procedure
Confined Space Standard operating procedures (SOP) describe the method(s) that will be used to
complete a Confined Space task or operation. Departments with confined spaces must develop SOPs
and incorporate them into Confined Space manual to complete their Confined Spaces Program.
Procedures must be developed by departments for the items outlined below to make the program
specific to their areas.
• Training of designated employees.
• Preparation, issuance, use, and cancellation of Entry Permits.
• Conclusion of confined space entries (closing the space, debriefing).
• Communication b/w Attendant, Authorized Entrants and with rescue and emergency personnel.
• Prevention of unauthorized entry into permit-required confined spaces.
• Coordination of confined space entries with contractors.
The qualified person must write procedures specific to each confined space entry based on the
hazard assessment. The hazard assessment takes into account the conditions of the space prior to
entry as well the work activities that will take place inside the space. The written procedures
therefore will also consider both. Workers must be trained in the precautions identified in the
written procedures.
2-A, Sharfabad Club Building, B.M.C.H.S, Karachi- Pakistan
T : +92-21-32084284 W: www.fpap.org.pk
F : +92-21-35248595 E: info@fpap.org.pk
M: 0304-2288161
Employer’s Responsibility
The employer must ensure that all confined space hazards are eliminated or minimized and that work
is performed in a safe manner. There may be ways to do the work from outside the space or finding
ways to reduce the time workers spend inside the confined space..
The employer is responsible for preparing and
implementing a written confined space entry program,
which includes:
• Assigning
responsibilities for ensuring requirements
are met (for example, a list of the responsibilities
assigned to specific job titles)
• Listing each confined space or group of similar spaces
and ensuring that there is a hazard assessment of those
spaces. The hazard assessment must be prepared by
the qualified person.
• Selecting
the qualified person who is competent to
provide a hazard assessment and safe work procedures.
Instruction and Training Requirement
Specific instruction and training must be given to those who enter a confined space as well as to
those contributing to the work activity but not entering the space, such as standby workers and
rescue personnel.
Workers must be instructed and trained in:
• Hazards of the confined space
• Written safe work procedures to safely perform their
duties, including safe entry into the space as well as
procedures for working inside
2-A, Sharfabad Club Building, B.M.C.H.S, Karachi- Pakistan
T : +92-21-32084284 W: www.fpap.org.pk
F : +92-21-35248595 E: info@fpap.org.pk
M: 0304-2288161
Course Content
Candidates will be trained in the following:
Definition of a Confined Space
Standards, Codes of Practice, Acts and Regulations
 Hazards and Risk Assessments
 Risk Control Measures
 Lock out tag out methods
 Issuing and Working under Permits
 Atmospheric contaminates and hazards
 Atmospheric testing and monitoring
 Atmospheric control measures
 Personal Protective Equipment
 Confined Space and Standby Personnel
 Entry and Exit Procedures
 Communication
 Harness and Fall protection
 Confined Space Emergencies
 Requirements for Rescue


Risk Assessment
Course Objectives
The key aims of the FPAP training courses are:
To prevent from Confined Space injury and causality.
 To teach good understanding of Confined Space safety and equipment methodology.
 To safely evacuate the personnel in the event of an emergency.

Our training course consists of a detailed PowerPoint presentation and a comprehensive on
the system’ training session ensuring operatives are familiar with the equipment they will be
using on a regular basis.
All courses focus on relevant confined space safety and cover all aspects of training to cover
companies and their employees in adherence to the Confined Space Regulations (1997).
2-A, Sharfabad Club Building, B.M.C.H.S, Karachi- Pakistan
T : +92-21-32084284 W: www.fpap.org.pk
F : +92-21-35248595 E: info@fpap.org.pk
M: 0304-2288161
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2-A, Sharfabad Club Building, B.M.C.H.S, Karachi- Pakistan
T : +92-21-32084284 W: www.fpap.org.pk
F : +92-21-35248595 E: info@fpap.org.pk
M: 0304-2288161
Contact Us
2-A, Sharfabad Club Building, B.M.C.H.S, KarachiPakistan
T : +92-21-32084284
F : +92-21-35248595
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W: www.fpap.org.pk
E: info@fpap.org.pk