IMPORTANT PEOPLE TO KNOW FOR
SS 30
Can you guess who they are???
ENGLISH PHILOSOPHER – 1500’S-1600’S

Thomas Hobbes – human nature is
characterized by dangerous self interest –
freedom needs to be given up for security
ENLIGHTENMENT THINKER 1600’S-1700’S

Baron Montesquieu – concept of the
Separation of Powers in Government
ENLIGHTENMENT THINKER – 1600’S-1700’S
John Locke – ideas used in the American
Constitution – gov’t to serve the people
 People are rational, intelligent and reasonable

ENLIGHTENMENT THINKER – 1700’S

Jean Jacques Rousseau – all humans are
naturally free and are equal in principle –
citizens should make laws directly (direct
democracy)
CLASSICAL CONSERVATIVE THINKER 1700’S

Edmund Burke – the concept of equality is
absurd – favoured a hierarchical society
ENLIGHTENMENT THINKER 1700’S

Adam Smith – wrote the “Wealth of Nations” –
created the concept of the market economy
(capitalism) – “man is competitive by nature”
CLASSICAL LIBERAL THINKER – 1800’S

J.S. Mill– wrote “On Liberty“ – people need to
be free to do as they wish as long as they don’t
intrude on the rights of others – gov’t needs a
minimal role in peoples’ lives
UTOPIAN SOCIALIST – 1800’S

Robert Owen – creator of “New Lanark” and
“New Harmony”
CREATOR OF COMMUNISM – 1800’S

Karl Marx – wrote the“Communist Manifesto”
and “Das Kapital” - revolution as the only way
for the proletariat to rise above the bourgeousie
CO-CREATOR OF COMMUNISM – 1800’S

Friedrich Engels – friend and supporter of Marx
SUFFRAGIST MOVEMENT – EARLY 1900’S

Nellie McClung – championed the right for
women to vote – Her efforts helped women get
the right to vote in Canada in 1918.
UNITED STATES – EARLY 1900’S

Theodore (Teddy) Roosevelt – President –
developed policies to limit the power of the
Robber Barons – “Trustbuster!”
USSR – EARLY 1900’S

Vladimir Lenin – Russian communist
leader/father of Soviet Communism
BRITAIN – WW2
Winston Churchill - Prime Minister – later originated the term Iron Curtain to describe
those nations controlled by the USSR during the Cold War
UNITED STATES – 1930’S - 1945
Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR) – creator of
the New Deal during the Great Depression
First world leader to use Keynesian
Economics
EARLY 20TH CENTURY ECONOMIST

John Maynard Keynes – monetary and fiscal
policies – originator of the concept of the mixed
economy
UNITED STATES-END OF WW2/BEGINNING OF
COLD WAR
Harry S. Truman – authorized the use of the
first atomic bombs on Japan
-began the Truman Doctrine – the policy of
containment of communism during the Cold
War
USSR – 1930’S-50’S – COLD WAR
Joseph Stalin – “5 year plans” – set
the path for the Soviet Union to follow
as an Authoritarian Communist
Dictatorship
GERMANY – 1930’S – 45 – WW2
Adolf Hitler – wrote Mein
Kampf (My Struggle)
Fascist Dictator of
Germany (Nazi Party) –
started World War 2
ITALY – 1920’S - 1943
Benito Mussolini – Fascist
Dictator of Italy during 1920’s30’s (Interwar Years) and during
WW2
INDIA – 1940’S

Mohandas Gandi – political leader of India who
encouraged passive resistance as a means of
civil disobedience against Britain. India would
gain independence under his leadership.
UNITED STATES 1950’S – COLD WAR

Senator Joseph McCarthy – made claims that
communists had infiltrated segments of
American society and the army – gave rise to a
paranoia about communism in the 1950’s
known as “McCarthyism”
USSR – COLD WAR – CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS EARLY 1960’S

Nikita Khrushev – created concept of Peaceful
Co-existence and helped create the Missile
Crisis
UNITED STATES – COLD WAR – CUBAN MISSILE
CRISIS – EARLY 1960’S
John F Kennedy – President (Democrat) – cocreator of the Cuban Missile Crisis
UNITED STATES – 1960’S CIVIL RIGHTS
MOVEMENT

Martin Luther King – inspiring civil rights leader
who stood for tolerance and equality of all
Americans.
CUBA – 1950’S – 2008 – COLD WAR/ POST
COLD WAR ERA

Fidel Castro – Communist leader of Cuba
CANADA – 1940’S – 1970’S

Tommy Douglas – former Premier of Saskatchewan, founding
member of the NDP Party – Democratic Socialist – “the Father
of Medicare in Canada.”
CANADA – 1960’S-1980’S

Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau – architect of our
multi-cultural society, the White Paper, our
Charter of R and F, patriating our Constitution
and bring in the WMA during the Oct Crisis of
1970.
UNITED STATES – 1980’S – END OF COLD WAR

Ronald Reagan – neoconservative president –
classical liberal economics (Monetarism –
trickle down theory) and an anti communist
CANADA – LATE 1980’S

Brian Mulroney – Progressive Conservative
Prime Minister – negotiated the original Free
Trade Agreement (FTA) with the United State,
brought in the GST – supporter of Reagan
MONETARIST ECONOMIST

Milton Freidman – supporter of Monetarism –
financial advisor to Ronald Reagan
MONETARIST ECONOMIST

Friedrich Hayek – early supporter of
Monetarism – a revival of Adam Smith style
market economics/Classical Liberal economics
BRITAIN – 1980’S

Margaret Thatcher – neoconservative Prime
Minister – supporter of Monetarism –
supporter of Reagan
ALBERTA – EARLY 1990’S - 2006

Ralph Klein – neoconservative Premier of
Alberta (Progressive Conservative)– “The Klein
Revolution” – massive privatization and
monetarist policies
BRITAIN – 1997-2008

Tony Blair – Conservative Prime Minister –
creator of the “3rd Way” of economics –
supporter of George W Bush
UNITED STATES – 2000-2008

George W Bush – neoconservative President
(Republican)
UNITED STATES - PRESENT

Barack Obama – current US President
(Democrat)
CANADA – PRESENT DAY

Stephen Harper – Conservative Prime Minister