PLURAL NOUNS
Juluhgran Class
PLURAL RULE 1
Most nouns add ‘s’ to make the
plural
one apple
desk →desks
book → books
pen → pens
shop →shops
chair chairs
→teachers
two apples
month →months
train →trains
name →names
friend →friends
teacher
pencil →
Try these…
window →
road →
door →
flower →
cake →
girl →
banana →
plant →
shoe →
PLURAL RULE 2
Add ‘es’ to words ending in ‘ch’,
‘sh’, ‘s’, ‘ss’, ‘x’ or ‘z’ to
make the plural
one box
wish →wishes
cross → crosses
bus → buses
dish →dishes
fox →foxes
many boxes
beach →beaches
waltz →waltzes
church →churches
loss →
losses
bunch → bunches
watch →
Try these…
glass →
pitch →
dress →
wax →
 bush →
class →
hutch →
gas →
quiz →
PLURAL RULE 3
When the letter before a ‘y’ is a
consonant, change the ‘y’ to an
‘i’ before adding an ‘es’
one baby
two babies
city →cities
pony → ponies
reply → replies
berry →berries
family →families
lady →ladies
daisy →
Try these…
diary →
ferry →
cherry →
army →
belly →
party →
jelly →
fly →
filly →
PLURAL RULE 4
When words end in ‘ay’, ‘ey’, ‘iy’, ’oy’,
and ‘uy’ add an ‘s’ to make the plural.
one donkey
two
donkeys
day →days
boy → boys
key →keys
delay →delays
TRY THESE
quay →
monkey →
valley →
trolley →
tray →
buoy →
pulley →
relay →
toy →
holiday →
PLURAL RULE 5
When words end in ‘f’ or ‘fe’ change
the ‘f’ or ‘fe’ to a ‘v’ before adding
‘es’.
one knife
two knives
leaf →leaves
half →halves
wife →wives
life → lives
hoof →
hooves
thief →thieves
TRY THESE
wolf →
elf →
loaf →
self →
calf →
shelf →
Exceptions: cliffs, chiefs, roofs, dwarfs and
handkerchiefs.
PLURAL RULE 6
When a word ends in an ‘o’ and comes
after a consonant, add ‘es’ to make the
plural.
one tomato
two tomatoes
cargo →cargoes mango →mangoes
echo →echoes
hero →heroes
TRY THESE
potato →
avocado →
mosquito →
domino →
buffalo →
dingo →
Exceptions: pianos, banjos, solos, radios
and Eskimos.
IRREGULAR PLURALS
Sometimes a word may completely change its
form when a plural is made.
one child
two children
person →peoplegoose →geese
man →men
woman →women
cactus →cacti
fungus →fungi
TRY THESE
tooth →
mouse →
dice →
nucleus →
foot →
criterion →
Sometimes a word may stay the same in both
its singular and plural form.
one fish
many fish
tuna →
tuna
trout → trout
deer →
deer
sheep →
moose →
moose
series →series
sheep
TRY THESE
aircraft →
salmon →
species →
bream →
offspring →
perch →