Review Session 1
“The Characteristics of Cells”
A _____ is the smallest functional and
structural unit of all living organisms.
A cell is the smallest functional and
structural unit of all living organisms.
An _______ is any living thing that
carries out its own life processes.
An organism is any living thing that
carries out its own life processes.
_______ ________ was the first to
describe cells.
Robert Hooke was the first to describe
cells.
Cells are small because their size is
limited by their ______ ______
_______.
Cells are small because their size is
limited by their outer surface area.
The surface area-to-volume ratio of a
cell is the _______ of the outer
surface to the cell’s volume.
The surface area-to-volume ratio of a
cell is the ratio of the outer surface to
the cell’s volume.
The _________ the cell, the greater
this surface area-to-volume ratio.
The smaller the cell, the greater this
surface area-to-volume ratio.
What is the cell theory?
What is the cell theory?
• All organisms are made up of one or
more cells.
• The cell is the basic unit of all
organisms.
• All cells come from existing cells.
Anton van Leeuwenhoek was the first
to describe ______ _______.
Anton van Leeuwenhoek was the first
to describe living cells.
Matthias Schleiden concluded that all
________ are made of cells.
Matthias Schleiden concluded that all
plants are made of cells.
Theodor Schwann determined that
all________ tissues are made of cells.
Theodor Schwann determined that all
animal tissues are made of cells.
Rudolf Virchow proposed that cells
could form only from the division of
other _______.
Rudolf Virchow proposed that cells
could form only from the division of
other cells.
Organisms made up of just one cell
are called __________ organisms.
Organisms made up of just one cell
are called unicellular organisms.
The single cell must carry out all of the
organism’s ______ _________.
The single cell must carry out all of the
organism’s life functions.
Organisms made up of more than one
cell are called __________ organisms.
Organisms made up of more than one
cell are called multicellular
organisms.
• The cells of multicellular organisms
have ___________ functions.
• The cells of multicellular organisms
have specialized functions.
A _________ ______ is a protective
layer that covers a cell’s surface and
controls materials moving into and out
of the cell.
A cell membrane is a protective layer that
covers a cell’s surface and controls materials
moving into and out of the cell.
In both unicellular and multicellular
organisms.
The _________ is the region inside
the cell that includes the fluid and all
the organelles except for the nucleus.
The cytoplasm is the region inside
the cell that includes the fluid and all
the organelles except for the nucleus.
In both unicellular and multicellular
organisms
An _________ is a small body in the
cytoplasm that is specialized to
perform a specific function.
An organelle is a small body in the
cytoplasm that is specialized to
perform a specific function.
The ________ is a membrane-bound
organelle that contains DNA.
The nucleus is a membrane-bound
organelle that contains DNA.
• DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is
_______ material that provides
instructions for all cell processes
found in the nucleus of all cells.
• DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is
genetic material that provides
instructions for all cell processes
found in the nucleus of all cells.
____________ are single-celled
organisms that do not have a nucleus
or membrane-bound organelles.
Prokaryotes are single-celled
organisms that do not have a nucleus
or membrane-bound organelles.
Prokaryotes have organelles without
cell membranes called ___________.
Prokaryotes have organelles without
cell membranes called ribosomes.
Some prokaryotes have hairlike
structures called ________ that help
them move.
Some prokaryotes have hairlike
structures called flagella that help
them move.
__________ are organisms made up
of cells that contain DNA in a nucleus,
membrane-bound organelles, and
ribosomes.
Eukaryotes are organisms made up
of cells that contain DNA in a nucleus,
membrane-bound organelles, and
ribosomes.
Most eukaryotes are multicellular but
some are ___________.
Most eukaryotes are multicellular but
some are unicellular.