2013-2014
Note taking and the Scientific
Method
Your Science Notebook!
LEFT SIDE
RIGHT SIDE
STUDENT NOTES
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Drawings
Mind maps
Venn diagrams
KWL charts
Group work
SQ3R notes
Self-reflections
J-TPS
QUESTIONS!!!
TEACHER NOTES
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Class notes
Laboratory notes
Science vocabulary
Standards
Objectives
On the right side
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page #
1
Topic
The Scientific Method
Turn the page
Number
the right side
pages only!!
1
Turn the page again…
Number
the right side
pages only!!
2
and again… and again…
Number
the right side
pages only!!
3
ICONS for Note-taking:
= write this information in your
notebook! RIGHT SIDE
= Quick check: grab a whiteboard
and a dry erase marker
= Think Box- J-TPS, your thoughts,
sentences, bullet points, drawings
LEFT SIDE
Brain Bubble
Whenever you see this icon, draw
a visual representation of the idea
you are learning about on the
LEFT SIDE
 Sometimes this will be a
diagram,
 Sometimes it will be an analogy
 Sometimes it will be something
that only you understand!
Turn to page #1
1
The Scientific Method
Date: August ____, 2013
Standard IE 1.a: Students know how to
distinguish between hypothesis and theory
as scientific terms.
On the left side
The Scientifi
Date: August _____ 2
Q: What’s the difference between
hypothesis and theory??
Standard IE 1.a: Stud
distinguish between
as scientific terms
Does your notebook look like this? Yes! GOOD!
The Scientific Method
Date: August _____ 2013
Q: What’s the difference between
hypothesis and theory??
Standard IE 1.a: Students know how to distinguish
between hypothesis and
theory as scientific terms
Observation
 gathering information using
your five senses:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
sight
hearing
taste
touch
smell
rence between
theory??
On the right side
The Scientific Method
Date: August _____ 2013
Standard IE 1.a: Students know how to
distinguish between hypothesis and theory
as scientific terms
Observation
• Gathering information using your 5 senses
1. Sight
2. Hearing
3. Taste
4. Touch
5. Smell
Does your notebook look like this? Yes! GOOD!
The Scientific Method
Date: August _____ 2013
Q: What’s the difference between
hypothesis and theory??
Standard IE 1.a: Students know how to distinguish
between hypothesis and
theory as scientific terms
Observation
• Gathering information using your 5 senses
1. Sight
2. Hearing
3. Taste
4. Touch
5. Smell
Data
• Information gathered
from your 5 senses
Quantitative - can be counted
(5 chairs, 10,000 students)
Qualitative - cannot be counted
(blue sky, long hair, spicy food)
Quantitative or Qualitative?
T
or
L
10 ipods
Blue sky
quantitative-T
qualitative-L
Smelly feet
25 clouds
qualitative-L
quantitative-T
Sixty-eight degrees 95% correct
quantitative-T
quantitative-T
Most wonderful
Seven Billion People
teacher in the world
quantitative-T
Mrs. D’Andrea
Inference:
A logical interpretation
based on prior knowledge
or experience
(you figure it out based on
stuff you already know!)
Hypothesis
A proposed scientific explanation for a set
of observationsif…then…
On the left side
J-TPS: Justify- Think- Pair- Share
Think
Pair
Write your thoughts
1 min
Steal your neighbor’s ideas
2 min
Share and collect the best ideas from the class
3 min
Share
J-TPS
(Justify- Think-Pair-Share)
Is the following sentence a
good Hypothesis?
If you die, then you will
go to heaven?
Why or why not?
Theory:
a WELL-TESTED
explanation for a series of
observations
Examples: Gravity, Evolution,
Cell Theory, Germ Theory
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/evolution/library/11/2/quicktime/e_s_1.html
Theories…
 are based on lots and lots and lots of
experiments
 are supported by lots and lots and
lots of evidence.
 can change, but only SLIGHTLY (a
little bit) if new evidence is found.
How do you feel
about all of this?
Sorry, but science doesn’t involve feelings or
beliefs!
Science uses data from observations and evidence
from investigations to draw conclusions and
make predictions about the way the world works.
Science should avoid bias!
Most scientific questions don’t actually have real
answers- they just open up more questions!
Working with a partner,
make a table to compare
hypotheses and theories
Hypothesis vs Theory
MUST BE TESTABLE IS ALREADY WELLTESTED
Based on prior Based on many prior
knowledge experiments and
conclusions
Before experimentation After lots and lots and
lots of experimentation
May be right Is consistently supported
or may be wrong by evidence
Fig plants need water Can change slightly (a little)
once a week to grow. only if there is
new evidence
Listening to loud music Gravity, Big Bang,
will increase heart rate Evolution
Let’s see…
EXIT SLIP!!
Investigation and
Experimentation
Units of Measurement, Graphing, and Data Analysis in Science
Standards
(IE) Scientific progress is made by asking meaningful
questions and conducting careful investigations. As a
basis for understanding this concept and addressing the
content in the other four strands, students should
develop their own questions and perform
investigations. Students will:
 IE a. Select and use appropriate tools and technology (such as
computer-linked probes, spreadsheets, and graphing
calculators) to perform tests, collect data, analyze relationships, and
display data.
Objectives:
 gain an understanding of the basic units of
measurement in science.
 use a basic tool of measurement to gain accurate
data, graph the data, and analyze it.
 to collect and analyze multiple sources of
data/scientific evidence.
What is matter?
 Matter-any substance that has mass and takes up
space
How is matter measured in
science?
 Mass-the amount of matter a substance/object has
(grams)
 Volume-the amount of space a substance/object
takes up (liters)
 Length-the distance between points (meters)
What are the tools of
measurement in science?
 Mass
 Triple-beam balance
 Volume
 Graduated cylinder/beaker
 Meter stick/ruler
 Length
Mass-Triple-beam balance
Volume-Graduated
Cylinder
Length-Meters
How are graphs used in Science?
 Visually shows the relationship between two
variables
 Independent variable (x-axis)-causes a change in the
dependent variable
 Dependent variable-measureable outcome (y-axis)
 Graphs are used to display and analyze data from
experiments and observations
Data Analysis in Science
 Data is collected.
 The data is displayed in graphs.
 The data is analyzed (ie patterns, trends, and
insights).
 Scientific Thinking-Evaluation of results and
hypotheses
When are the different types of
graphs used?
 Line Graph
 Used to track changes over
short/long periods of time.
 Compare parts of a whole.
 Pie Graph
 Bar Graph
 Used to compare between
different groups or track
large changes over time.
Collaborative Mode
Graphing Practice.
 Locate the Graphing Lab in the file cabinet.
Complete the lab with a partner
 Please review the expectations for collaborative
station.
Summary Questions:
 How is matter defined?
 What are some of the tools scientists use to measure
matter?
 How are graphs used in science?
How well do you understand the difference
between a hypothesis and a theory?
4 = I totally understand it and I could
explain it to someone else 
3 = I mostly understand it but I would have
difficulty explaining it to someone else
2 = I understand some of it, but there are
still some parts that are confusing
1 = I do not understand it at all 
Vocabulary
 Entirely Reproduce
 Asexually
 Develop
 Response
 Unfavorable
Daphnia are small creatures that live in water.
They are almost entirely female and reproduce
asexually (they don’t need a partner).
However, males are sometimes observed in water with
low oxygen or when there is not a lot of available food.
Based on these observations, a researcher suggests that
male Daphnia develop in response to unfavorable
environmental conditions.
This is an example of a
A) result.
B) theory.
C) procedure.
D) hypothesis.
The Scientific Method:
Designing an Experiment
Standard:
Objective:
Watch this!
Monty Python…
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zrzMhU_4m-g
Write down at least 3 things the
villagers did (scientifically) wrong:
1.
2.
3.
http://glencoe.mcgrawhill.com/sites/dl/free/0078802849/164155/00044686.htm
l
Brain pop!
Steps:
1. Ask a Question/Make Observations
2. Form a Hypothesis
3. Set up a Controlled Experiment
4. Record and Analyze Results
5. Draw Conclusions
6. Repeat the Investigation
Question:
 Do plants need water to grow?
Observations:
 When I don’t water my plants, the
leaves droop and they get all
brown.
 When I water my plants, the leaves
perk up and new green leaves grow
Hypothesis:
 Plants need water to grow.
Designing an Experiment:
Do plants need water to grow?
Control: something that stays the
same; the thing or group getting the
“normal” treatment in an
experiment
 Plants normally get water, so one
plant will receive water. This will
be the control.
Variables: things that change
 Independent (manipulated) variable:
the one thing you change on purpose
in an experiment (water)
 Dependent (responding) variable: the
thing that changes because of the
independent variable (plant growth)
Important!!
A hypothesis should be tested by an
experiment in which only
ONE VARIABLE
is changed at a time.
All other variables should be kept
unchanged, or controlled.
What’s wrong with this
experiment?
One plant is given water and placed by the
open window. One plant is given no water
and placed on the table in the middle of the
room. After one week, the plant with the
water is growing strong, but the plant with
no water is dying. I conclude that plants
need water to grow.
What’s wrong with this
experiment?
One plant is given water and placed by the
open window. One plant is given no water
and placed on the table in the middle of the
room. After one week, the plant with the
water is growing strong, but the plant with
no water is dying. I conclude that plants
need water to grow.
TOO MANY VARIABLES!!!
Is it the water or the light that makes plants grow??
J-TPS: OOPS!
In science, as in life, there are some
things that cannot be avoided- like
errors, mistakes, and problems.
What kinds of unavoidable errors
could exist in a scientific
experiment?
Sources of
Unavoidable Error:
 things that scientists have little or no
control over
Independent Mode
 Complete the paper airplane lab.
PICTIONARY!
 Work in pairs
 One students has his/her back to the board
 One student faces the board.
 The student facing the board must use the dry
erase board to draw the word that appears on
the screen.
 The student with his/her back to the board must
figure out what the word is!
Volcano
Scientist
Experiment
5 senses
Hypothesis
Observation
Theory
Biology
Cell
The Scientific Method
(continued)
Date: August_____ , 2012