Diagrams for KEYSTONE EXAMS
Energy Molecule (ATP)
Mitosis=2n to 2n/ 46 to 46
(PMAT)
Meiosis=2n to n/46 to 23
Virus Structure
Viral Replication
Lytic Cycle
Lysogenic Cylce
Hydrolysis
(Addition of Water)
Dehydration Synthesis
(Removal of Water)
Photosynthesi
Biotidbits – Aim for Advanced /Proficient
Photosynthesis –Know the equation
The overall balanced equation is...
6CO2 + 6H2O ------> C6H12O6 + 6O2
Sunlight energy
Organelle- chloroplast (Remember the parts)
Thylakoid, grana and stroma
Cellular Respiration: breaking down sugar in the presence of oxygen
(aerobic).
Photosynthesis (you recall...) is the process by which CO2 and H2O are
used to make sugars and starches.
During Cellular Respiration, sugar is broken down to CO2 and H2O, and
in the process, ATP is made that can then be used for cellular work.
The overall reaction for cellular respiration: (does this reaction look
familiar? Overall, it is the reverse reaction of photosynthesis, but
chemically, the steps involved are very different.)
C6H12O6 + 6O2 -------------------> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ~38 ATP
Organelle- Mitochondria (Remember the parts)-cristae membrane and
mitochondrial matrix.
Reactions-Sequence (IN ORDER 1, 2, 3, 4).
1.glycolysis 2.acetyl CoA 3.Krebs 4. ETC
How many ATP’s are produced in each reaction?
Overall metabolism?
Cell Membrane-Singer Fluid Mosaic Model
Structure-bi layer of phospholipids and protein
Outside and Inside- Hydrophilic-Polar
Middle –Hydrophobic-Non-Polar
Remember -Any monomer that contains a hydroxyl-OH/HO IS POLAR-Water
Soluble
CARBON is COOL---
VALENCE NUMBER is 6eRemember 2nd energy level there is- FOUR—I
said FOUR bonding sites.
That gives carbon versatility for the synthesis of organic molecules such as
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins and Nucleic acids.
Organic Compounds’ ALWAYS contain a Carbon bonded to a Hydrogen: (C-H)C6H12O6
MACROMOLECULES- Can you identify the elements or monomer that form
biological polymers?
What are my functional groups?
What do I synthesize?
What are my
monomers?
What are my functional groups?
Phospholipids molecule-Be able to identify which part is polar and nonpolar
What eukaryotic structure is composed of this molecule?
Homologous Structures
Water equals a homeostatic environment.
What is the pH of this molecule? Is this
inorganic or organic?
AMEBA (Binary Fission)
BACTERIA-MONERA
What type of asexual reproduction ?
This is an angiosperm-Flowering Plant
Label the structure
Chromatin forms chromatid which forms chromosomes.
2n number humans 46 – Diploid Number
1n number humans 23 – Haploid Number
Know your graphs
LOGISTIC GROWTH MODEL
EXPONENTIAL GROWTH MODEL
Graph guidelines
Use the x-axis for the independent variable (the variable
changed by the experimenter) and the y-axis for the dependent
variable (the variable being measured).
Create the Graph
Independent variable (x-axis): horizontal
Dependent variable (y-axis): vertical
Y axis
X axis