Cell Structure and Function
Name:
Chapter 7
Biology 5.0
Date:
Activating Prior Knowledge:
1. Identify the class of lipids that forms biological membranes (cell membrane)?
2. Draw what it looks like?
3. Identify the monomers of lipids:
4. Explain what it means to be a polar molecule.
5. Distinguish between the terms hydrophilic and hydrophobic.
6. Identify the eight characteristics of living things?
Section 7.1 – Life is Cellular
The following scientists made important contributions to the CELL THEORY
Scientist
Contribution to the Cell Theory
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Robert Hooke
Robert Brown
Mathias Schleiden
Theodor Schwann
6. Rudolf Virchow
Period:
The three parts of the Cell Theory:
1. _______________________________________________________________________________________
2. _______________________________________________________________________________________
3. _______________________________________________________________________________________
Prokaryote cell
Eukaryotic cells
 pro = ____________________________
 karyon = _________________________
 contain cell membranes and cytoplasm
but no ________________
 ____________ is scattered through
____________________
 examples:
 eu = ____________________________
 karyon = ________________________
 contain a _____________ that holds
____________
 membrane bound _________________
that have specific _________________
 examples:
1.
1.
2.
2.
3.
3.
Definition
Description
Differences
Section 7.2 – Cell Structure
What is an Organelle?
ORGANELLES
Organelle
Illustration
Organelle
Organelle Description & Function
Found: between the __________ and the ___________________
Cytoplasm
Structure:
Function:
Found: in the cytoplasm near _____________________________
Structure: filled with ___________________________________
Nucleus
Function:
Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus, but they do contain DNA
Chromatin
Chromosomes
a complex of __________________________________________
Chromatin __________________and become densely
________________
Chromosomes are visible under a microscope when a cell divides
Nucleolus
small dense region within the ______________ where
________________________ are synthesized
Nuclear
Envelope
_____________ membrane (_________________) that surrounds
the ______________ -allows materials to move out of the nucleus
Nuclear Pore
Found:
Structure:
Vacuole


Plant cells, there is a single large central vacuole filled
with fluid - can occupy up to 90% of the cell’s volume
Animal cells – much smaller
Function:
Organelle
Illustration
Organelle
Lysosome
Organelle Description & Function
Found: In the ______________________________
Structure: ___________________________________________
Function: Breakdown large ___________________ molecules,
and old _________________________ organelles
 Removes “junk” that would clutter the cell
 Known as the “__________________________________”
 Found in __________ cells and specialized ________ cells
 Some humans have diseases that result from lysosomes that fail
to function properly.
Found:
Structure:
Cytoskeleton
Function: Gives cells ________________; helps to maintain
_________________; involved in cell ______________________

Microfilaments 

Microtubules
Thin threads made of ______________ (structural protein)
________________________ the cell
Contribute to ____________________________
 Larger strands; hollow tubes made of __________________
 Maintain cell _____________________
 Important in ______________________ – forms the mitotic
spindle which helps to separate chromosomes
 Form __________________ in animal cells
 Help build____________ and __________________
Found: Within the ______________ only in ____________ cells
Centrioles
Structure: Made of a _________________________ (tubulin)
Function: Used to organize _______________________ (mitosis)
Cilia
Flagella
Organelle
Illustration
Organelle
Organelle Description & Function
Found:
Structure:
Ribosomes
Function: Produce _____________________ by following coded
instructions that come from ________________
 Made of ____________ and ______________ in the
______________ & transported to the ________________
Found: just outside the ______________________
Structure: system of membranous tubules & sacs
Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Function: Moves molecules from one part of the cell to another
 _______________________ Highway
Rough ER:
Smooth ER
Found: in the ________________________
Structure:
Golgi
Apparatus
Function:


Works with the ER
Modifies proteins for export
Found: in the __________________________
Mitochondria
Function: Convert ______________________ stored in
__________ into compounds that the cell can use



“______________________” the cell
Most numerous in cells with ________________________
__________________________
liver & muscle
Found: Only in the cytoplasm of __________________ cells
Structure: Stack of membranes that contain _________________
________________________(chlorophyll)
Chloroplast
Function:

Surrounded by two membranes and contain DNA

Contains the green pigment _______________________
Found:
Structure:
Cell Wall
Function:

Found only in _____________________ cells
Found: Located around the perimeter of the cell
Cell
Membrane
Structure:
Function:

___________________________ permeable
Fluid Mosaic Model:
Phospholipid
Integral
Protein
Peripheral
Protein
PLANT Cell Diagram - Use the following organelles to label the PLANT cell below:
Cell Membrane
Cell Wall
Chloroplast
Cytoplasm
Golgi Apparatus
Mitochondria
Nuclear Envelope
Nucleolus
Nucleus
Plastid
Ribosome
Rough ER
Smooth ER
Vacuole
ANIMAL Cell Diagram - Use the following organelles to label the ANIMAL cell below:
Cell Membrane
Centriole
Cytoplasm
Golgi Apparatus
Lysosome
Mitochondria
Nuclear Envelope
Nucleolus
Nucleus
Ribosome
Rough ER
Smooth ER
Vacuole
Section 7.4: Homeostasis and Cells
Levels of Multicellular Organization:
Level of Organization
simplest  most complex
Description
Examples