By Steve Jenkins
Genre : Expository Nonfiction
Author’s Purpose : Inform
Skill: Compare and Contrast

R 81 Sight Words five morning step passed vowel true hundred against pattern numeral

Vocabulary
• average
• depth
• deserts
• outrun
• peak
• tides
• waterfalls

More Words to Know
•extreme
•precipitation
•temperature

average
• The quantity found by dividing the sum of all the quantities by the number of quantities
• 6 + 3 + 1 + 2 = 12
• 12 divided by 4 = 3

•The distance from the top to the bottom

deserts
• Dry, sandy regions without water and trees

• To run faster than someone or something else
•

peak
• The pointed top of a mountain or hill

tides
• The rise and fall of the ocean about every twelve hours

waterfalls
• Streams of water that fall from a high place

extreme
• Much more than usual; very great

precipitation
• The water that falls to the earth in the form of rain, snow, sleet, or hail

temperature
• How hot or cold something is

•We walked through the dry ______ and needed plenty of water to drink.

•We walked through the dry deserts and needed plenty of water to drink
.

•The teacher will
________ the grades at the end of the grading period.

•The teacher will average the grades at the end of the grading period.

•There was a cave behind the opening to the _____________, and we enjoyed splashing in the water.

• There was a cave behind the opening to the waterfall, and we enjoyed splashing in the water.

•Upon climbing to the
_____ of the mountain, we were breathless.

•Upon climbing to the peak of the mountain, we were breathless.

•The _______of the ocean are affected by the moon’s gravitational pull.

• The tides of the ocean are affected by the moon’s gravitational pull.

______ is measured with a thermometer.

•Temperature is measured with a thermometer.

•The shortest person will ________ the tallest person in the marathon.

•The shortest person will outrun the tallest person in the marathon.

•The swimmer swam to the _____ of the ocean and returned to the surface.

• The swimmer swam to the depth of the ocean and returned to the surface.

• Sometimes _______ circumstances prevent one from doing his best in his work.

•Sometimes extreme circumstances prevent one from doing his best in his work.

•There will be some form of _________ on the ground in the morning.

•There will be some form of precipitation on the ground in the morning.

•Watch for the word on the screen. Say the word. Clap as you spell the word.

temperature

average

outrun

Compare and Contrast
• To compare is to show how things are alike .
• *Key words:
* like
* as
* both
* same
* too

Contrast is to show how things are different .
• Key words
* different
* but
* however
* neither
* in contrast

Books and computers are good sources of information for a report.
Both provide the researcher with words and graphics to use.
Books aren’t as current as computers with their information, and computers are usually easier to access specific information. Books can function when the electricity is off, and computers don’t work without electricity.

• Make comparisons using like and
as.
*The book is as slippery as ice.
*Her face is as red as a beet.
*He ran fast like the wind.
*She is as tall as a mountain.
*The child swam like a duck.

Answer the following questions about the story.
1. What is the longest river in the world ?
2. What is the mightiest river in the world ?
3. What is the longest river in the US?
4. Where is the oldest and deepest lake in the world?
5. Where is the largest freshwater lake in the world?
6. What is the highest mountain in the world?

7. Where is the hottest spot in the world?
8. What is the coldest temperature recorded in Vostok, Antarctica ?
9. Where has no rain fallen for the last 400 years?
10.What is the wind speed atop Mount
Washington in New Hampshire?
11.Where is the world’s highest waterfall?
12.How deep is the deepest spot in the ocean?

13.What is the name of the world’s most active volcano?
14.How high and low do the tides in the
Bay of Fundy in Nova Scotia, Canada rise and fall every 6 hours?
15.How much snow fell on Mount Rainier in Washington State?