Diesel Engine Technology
2007 and Beyond
Patrick Charbonneau
Vice President, Chief Technical Officer
International Truck and Engine Corporation
Agenda
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The Standards
Technology Roadmap
– 5 Key Technologies
The Technology Enabler
Criteria for Success
NOx Standards - HDE
PM Standards - HDE
0.16
5
PM EURO Adj
0.14
4
NOx EURO Adj
0.12
0.1
3
0.08
2
0.06
NOx FTP
PM FTP
0.04
1
Phase-in
0
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
Model Year
2008
2009
0.02
2010
2011
0
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
Model Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
NOx Standards - HLDT
NOx Standards - HLDT
1.4
0.2
1.2
NOx EURO Adj
PM EURO Adj
0.16
1
0.8
PM g/mile
NOx g/mile
0.12
0.6
0.4
NOx FTP
0.08
PM FTP
0.04
0.2
0
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
Model Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
0
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
Model Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
How Diesel Technology Will Reduce Emissions to Meet the Requirements
Emissions
Reduction
•4 Valve Head
• Vertical Injector
• G2 Injection System
– Electronic Pilot
– Electronic Trim
– Higher Peak Pressure
• Advanced Turbo
• Cooled EGR
• Oxidation Catalyst
• Injection System
• Boost Technology
•Combustion
•Advanced Electronics
•Advanced Aftertreatment
• Advanced NOx Adsorber
• Advanced Particulate Trap
2002
2004
2007
2010
Fuel Systems
(Fuel Systems of the Future)
1
0.9
0.8
0.7
Rate of Injection
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
Time
5.00
6.00
7.00
Boost Technologies
Combustion
Electronics and Electrical Systems
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Sensors

Computing Power

Model Based Control Systems

42 Volt
Aftertreatment
Absorption of Nox, PM & HC emissions
during normal operation
Periodically add detergent (diesel fuel) and squeeze
Soot filter traps all soot particles and hydrocarbon.
It needs to burn off the trapped soot particles.
A key measure of its performance is the balance point temperature.
The balance point temperature varies from engine to engine.
Balance point temperature: the engine operating condition and the exhaust temperature where soot burn
off rate is greater than or equal to the engine soot output.
NOx Adsorber - How Does It Work?
It works in three simplified steps:
1. It stores NOx with normal diesel exhaust (Lean).
2. It releases NO2 when it is starved of O2 (Rich).
3. Under the rich condition, CO, HC, and H2 reduce
the released NO2 into N2.
Fuel
Low-Emitting Diesel Engines and Vehicles Become
a Clean Air Solution
Equivalent or better emissions than
gasoline or alternative fuels
 Still more fuel efficient with lower
greenhouse gas emissions
 Performance and reliability that
customers depend on
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Implications of the Low-Emitting Diesel Technology
Road Map
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Technology can be applied to all engines:
– Heavy-duty trucks, buses
– Light-duty vehicles
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2004 technology is foundation for 2007
Some 2007 technology is available today
Use of 2007 technology requires ultra-lowsulfur fuel
Widespread supply of ULSF is crucial to this
technology, now and in 2007
Technology Roadmaps Gone
Wild
Conclusions
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Design and operation of diesel engines will be
evolutionized for 2007 for HD and LD
Aggressive aftertreatment will be productionfeasible for NOx and PM by 2007
Ultra-low-sulfur diesel fuel is the technology
enabler to move to near-zero emissions targeted
by EPA/CARB