Cell Structure Review
• Create a VENN diagram to compare and
contrast Prokaryote Cell and Eukaryote Cell:
Nucleus
Genetic
material
contained in
nucloid
region
Simple
Example:
Bacteria
Surrounded
by a cell
membrane
Contain
genetic
information
Contain
ribosomes
Contain
organelles
Complex
Example:
plant,
animal,
fungi,
protist
• What part of this nested VENN diagram
includes prokaryotes:
List the levels of organization from smallest to largest.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Atom
Molecule
Organelle
Cell
Tissue
Organ
Organ System
Organism
Population
Community
Ecosystem
Draw a diagram and explain endosymbiotic theory?
A prokaryote cell engulfs another prokaryote
(mitochondrion) cell and creates a simple animal
cell.
What does permeable mean? Why is a
cell membrane semi-permeable?
• Permeable means to permit or allow
things to pass through. The cell
membrane is semi-permeable because it
only allows CERTAIN things to pass
through.
What is the difference between
osmosis and diffusion?
• Diffusion is simply the movement of
molecules from an area of higher
concentration to lower concentration.
• Osmosis deals specifically with water moving
from higher concentration to lower
concentration.
Label the area of high concentration, low
concentration and carrier molecule.
High Concentration
Carrier Molecule
Low Concentration
Define and give an example:
Positive Feedback and Negative Feedback
• Positive feedback: the type of feedback
when a change in the controlled quantity is
further increased by the system.
– Example: conversion of enzymes to other
enzymes for digestion
• Negative feedback: the type of feedback
when a change in the controlled quantity is
counterbalanced by the system
– Example: Guard cell adjusts for changes in
temperature and moisture
• When doing a microscope lab to observe
cheek cells, what lab SAFETY equipment is
necessary. Circle all that apply:
– Apron
– fire extinguisher
– Goggles
– ear plugs
– fire blanket
– Gloves
– eye washer
What would be a research “problem” or
question for this experiment?
Does molecule size affect permeability of a
membrane
Explain the procedure for the dialysis tubing
lab?
Iodine is added to water outside the baggie,
starch is added inside the baggie, the iodine
molecules move into the baggie turning the
starch purple/black
What vocabulary term did we demonstrate?
Diffusion (iodine into the baggie through the
membrane)
What did the results demonstrate?
The iodine molecules were small enough to
travel through the membrane but starch
molecules were not
List three differences between these cells:
1. Prokaryote has no nucleus only nucleoid region
2. Eukaryote has several membrane-bound organelles;
prokaryote has no organelles
3. Prokaryote is small and simple in structure
What is the function of
these two structures?
Movement
What is another word for
that function?
Motility
• Cytoplasm: portion of the cell outside of
the nucleus
• Nucleus: control center of the cell
• Contains nearly all the cell’s DNA
• Coded instructions for making proteins
and other important molecules
• Cell membrane: regulates what enters and
leaves the cell and provides protection
and support
•Ribosome: Small particles of RNA found in
the cytoplasm that produce proteins by
following coded instructions from the
nucleus
Mitochondria and Choroplasts
• Mitochondria: organelles
that convert chemical
energy stored in food into
compounds that are more
convenient for the cell to
use
•Chloroplasts: organelles that
capture the energy from
sunlight and convert it into
chemical energy –
photosynthesis