SC- B-2.6: Summarize the characteristics of the cell cycle:
interphase;the phases of mitosis, and plant & animal
cytokinesis
in nuclei of eukaryotic cells
made up of:
1. DNA
2. Histones: proteins DNA wraps
around
series of events that cells go through
as they grow & divide
What a cell does in the cell cycle:
grow
prepares for division
divides into 2 daughter cells
time between cell divisions
3 divisions:
1. Gap 1 (G1)
2. S Phase
3. Gap 2 (G2)
cells do most of their growing
make proteins & organelles
checkpoint
cells destined never to divide again
leave cell cycle & enter G0
synthesis phase
chromosomes duplicated
cells that enter S destined to go thru
mitosis
usually shortest part of interphase
material needed for cell division
produced
checkpoint
4 phases:
1. Prophase
2. Metaphase
3. Anaphase
4. Telophase
each phase may last minutes to days
depending on cell type
longest phase of mitosis
chromosomes become visible
(chromatin condenses)
centrioles separate & move to
opposite sides of nucleus
centrioles start to organize mitotic
spindle
nuclear envelope & nucleolus
disappears
chromosomes line up across center
of cell = metaphase plate
centromere of each chromosome
connected to spindle fiber
centromeres split pulling sister
chromatids apart
as soon as split they are called
chromosomes
as long as they are moving they are
in anaphase
chromosomes disperse & are no
longer visible
2 nuclear envelopes reform & each
nuclei starts to form a nucleolus
spindle breaks apart
cleavage furrow becomes visible
cytoplasm pinches in half each
daughter cell has identical set of
duplicate chromosomes
rigid cell wall cannot “pinch” in half
Cell plate starts to form during
telophase cell wall between 2
daughter cells