Totalitarianism
By: Ainura Filzah Jakariah
Alicia Su Yun Shan
Intan Jamala
Kristie Jacqueline Lau
Khairun Najwa
Totalitarianism
Histories
Examples
Definition
Characteristics
Comparison between
totalitarianism and
authoritarianism
Definition

A system ruled by an ideology that
controls every aspects of the public
activities, politics, economic and social.
History
The idea of “totalitarianism” was first
formulated by Giovanni Amendola.
 The word “totalitario” was first used by a
philosopher name “Giovanni Gentile, in
1925, druing the earlier years of Italian
Fascist rule.
 He describes totalitarianism as a society
in which national ideologies influence if
not control, over people.

Countries and people using
Totalitarianism
Benito Mussolini in Italy
 Fascism in Italy
 Adolf Hitler in German
 Nazism in German
 North Korea

Fascism in Italy
Fascism - Fascism is a set of right-wing political
beliefs that includes strong control of society
and the economy by the state, a powerful role
for the armed forces, and the stopping of
political opposition.
 The ideology of “totalitarianism” was used by Benito
Mussolini, an Italian dictator. According to him, this
system politicizes everything spiritual and human.
 Mussolini never created an exclusive ideology.
 Fascism occurs because the previous parliamentary
regime could not solve the perplexing problems
arose from the First World War.

Nazism in Germany
Adolf Hitler won the seats in Reichstag
election and became the president. He
wanted to control the social life of the
German people.
 He persecuted Jews and Christians.
 He re-organize the economic
 But he committed suicide after he lost
the battle in World War II.

Totalitarianism in today’s world
North Korea
 North Korean are subjected to
propaganda and education surrounding,
the communist regime, the government
employs.
 From 3 months of age, children are placed
in day care center where the teachings
begin.
 They learn about communism policies,
revolution and political ideology.
Turkmenistan
It is a single party system
 President is both head of state and head
of government
 Turkmenbashi, the president controls
everything in this country.
 Every people of Turkmenistan must learn
the Ruhnama, the president’s spiritual
guide for the people of Turkmenistan

Characteristics







A system of rule driven by an ideology
A system of terroristic police control
Strict government control of the media
Cultural, political and artistic expression
among populace are curtailed.
Central control and direction of the entire
economy.
The elimination of oppositionists
A single mass party, hierarchically organised
Comparison between totalitarianism
and authoritarianism
Totalitarianism
Authoritarianism
High
Low
Leader as function
Leader as individual
Public
Private
Corruption
Low
High
Official ideology
Yes
No
Limited pluralism
No
Yes
Legitimacy
Yes
No
Charisma
Role conception
Ends of power