Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction
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Of the following organisms, which is haploid
(one set of chromosomes) and which is
diploid (two sets of chromosomes)?
◦ Gametophytes
◦ Sporophytes
◦ Eggs or sperm
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Gametophytes are a haploid individual that
produces gametes.
Sporophytes are a diploid individual that
produces haploid spores.
Eggs or Sperm are haploid cells with only one
set of chromosomes.

During meiosis, after two divisions, how
many cells are formed and what kind are
they? (haploid or diploid)
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Of the following choices, which would most
likely be a plant reproductive cell made by
meiosis?
Spore
Clone
Sexual

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What is the difference between asexual and
sexual reproduction?
What is an advantage to asexual
reproduction?
What is an advantage to sexual reproduction?
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Asexual reproduction produces offspring
identical to the parent.
Sexual reproduction produces offspring that
is a combination of two parents.
Advantage to asexual reproduction is that it
is simple and efficient.
Advantage to sexual reproduction is that it
provides genetic diversity.
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What is a gametophyte?

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Plants and most multicellular protists have a
life cycle that alternates between a haploid
and diploid phase called alternation of
generations.
A gametophyte is the haploid phase that
produces gametes by mitosis.


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
Plants and most multicellular protists have a
life cycle that alternates between a haploid
phase and a diploid phase called alternation
of generations.
Sporophytes are the multicellular diploid
phase in the life cycle of plants.
A sporophyte produces spores by meiosis.
A gametophyte is the haploid phase of a
plant that makes gametes by mitosis.

What type of reproduction include the
following and what are they?
◦ Binary fission
◦ Budding
◦ Parthenogenesis
◦ Fragmentation

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Binary fission occurs in prokaryotes that split into
two or more individuals of roughly the same size.
Budding occurs in organisms like yeast—new
organisms split off of existing ones.
Parthenogenesis is a process in which a female
makes an egg that grows into an individual and
doesn’t need to be fertilized by a male.
Fragmentation occurs when the body breaks into
several different pieces.

What is a fertilized egg cell that is diploid
called?

What is alternation of generations mean and
where does it occur?
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

Plants and most multicellular protists have a
life cycle that alternates between a haploid
phase and a diploid phase called alternation
of generations.
In plants, the multicellular dipolid phase is
called a sporophyte which undergo meiosis to
form haploid spores.
Spores form multicellular gametophytes.
Gametophytes form gametes by mitosis.
Gametes fuse and give rise to diploid phase.

At which phase of meiosis do the chromatids
remain attached at their centromeres?

What does spermatognesis produce?

What does oogenesis produce?

What does gametogenesis produce?

Which ones produce haploid cells and which
produce diploid cells?

Spermatogenesis produces sperm

Oogensis produces eggs.

Gametogenesis produces gametes.

All of these are haploid.

During which stage are the chromosomes
attached at their centromeres to spindle
fibers and lined up at the cell’s equator
(center)?