enclose and protect abdominal contents while
providing the flexibility required by respiration,
posture, and locomotion.
From pubic bone to linea alba
Anterior rami of T12
O
External surfaces of
5th-12th ribs
I
Linea alba
Pubic tubercle
Anterior half of iliac crest
T7-T11 spinal nerves and
subcostal nerve
The lower border of
the external oblique
aponeurosis forms the
inguinal ligament
(Poupart’s ligament)
thickened reinforced free
edge of the external
oblique aponeurosis
between anterior superior
iliac spine laterally and
pubic tubercle medially. It
folds under itself forming a
trough, which plays an
important role in the
formation of the inguinal
canal.
from extensions of the fibers at the medial
end of the inguinal ligament:
lacunar ligament
crescent-shaped extension of fibers at
the medial end of the inguinal
ligament
pass backward
attach to pecten pubis on the superior
ramus of the pubic bone
pectineal (Cooper's) ligament
from the lacunar ligament along the
pecten pubis of the pelvic brim
Anterior rami of
T6-T12 spinal
nerves) and first
lumbar nerves
I
Inferior borders of 10th-12th ribs
Linea alba
Pecten pubis via conjoint tendon
O
Thoracolumbar fascia
Anterior 2/3 of iliac crest
Connective tissue deep to lateral 1/3 of
inguinal ligament
Anterior rami of
T6-T12 spinal
nerves) and first
lumbar nerves
I
Linea alba with
aponeurosis of
internal oblique
Pubic crest
Pecten pubis via
conjoint tendon
O
Internal surfaces of 7th-12th costal cartilages
Thoracolumbar fascia
Iliac crest
Connective tissue deep to lateral 1/3 of inguinal
ligament
O: Pubic symphysis
Pubic crest
I: Xp
5-7 costal cartilages
Anterior rami of
T6-T12 spinal
nerves) and first
lumbar nerves
unique layering of the aponeuroses of the external and internal oblique,
and transversus abdominis muscles
Ant. + Post. of ¾ rectus abdominis closed.
Post. of ¼ rectus abdominis closed.
no sheath covers the posterior surface of the lower quarter of the rectus abdominis at
this point is in direct contact with the transversalis fascia.
Marking this point of transition is an arch of fibers (arcuate line).
Rectus sheath
anterior wall
aponeurosis of external oblique& halfof
aponeurosis of internaloblique, splits at
lateralmarginof rectusabdominis
posterior wall
otherhalfof aponeurosisof internaloblique
& aponeurosis of transversus abdominis
FUNCTIONS AND ACTIONS OF ANTEROLATERAL
ABDOMINAL MUSCLES
Form a strong expandable support for the anterolateral
abdominal wall.
Support the abdominal viscera and protect them from most
injuries.
Compress the abdominal contents to maintain or increase
the intra-abdominal pressure and, in so doing, oppose the
diaphragm (increased intra-abdominal pressure facilitates
expulsion).
Move the trunk and help to maintain posture.
Rectus abdominis is a
powerful flexor of the
thoracic and
especially lumbar
regions of the
vertebral column.
The oblique abdominal
muscles also assist in
movements of the trunk,
especially lateral flexion
and rotation of the lumbar
and lower thoracic
vertebral column.
quiet and forced
expiration by
pushing the viscera
upward (helps push the
relaxed diaphragm further into
the thoracic cavity)
coughing
vomiting
sneezing
eructation
screaming
parturition
micturition
defecation
flatus
Femoral
nerve
fills the iliac fossa on each side.
chief flexor of the thigh
Lesser troachanter of femur
fill the space between ribs XII and
the iliac crest on both sides of the
vertebral column.
I
Transverse process of first four lumbar
vertebrae and the inferior border of rib XII
O
Transverse process of L5,
Iliolumbar ligament, iliac crest
Depress and stabilize 12th ribs
Lateral bending of the trunk.
Acting together, extend lumbar
part of the spine.
anterior rami of T12
and
L1 to L4 spinal nerves
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The superficial fatty layer of superficial fascia (Camper's fascia)
continuousovertheinguinalligament withthesuperficial fasciaof thethighandwitha similarlayerin
theperineum.
Inmen, continues overthepenis and, fusingwiththedeeperlayerof superficialfascia, continuesinto
thescrotumspecializedfasciallayercontainingsmoothmusclefibers(thedartosfascia).
Inwomen, retains somefatandis a componentof thelabiamajora.
The deeper membranous layer of
superficial fascia (Scarpa's fascia)
thin and membranous
contains little or no fat.
Inferiorly, continues into the thigh, just
below the inguinal ligament, fuses with
deep fascia of the thigh (the fascia lata).
In the midline, firmly attached to the linea
alba & symphysis pubis.
continues into the anterior part of the
perineum where it is firmly attached to
the ischiopubic rami and to the posterior
margin of the perineal membrane.
Here, referred to as
superficial perineal fascia (Colles' fascia).