st
1
nd
2
How were the
&
legs of the triangular
trade route different?
How were the 1st & 2nd legs of the triangular trade route different?
Write your answers here:
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•Apprentice:
•A
young person who learns a skill from a more experienced person
•Cons
of Apprenticeship:
•Long
work days (12+ hours)
•Little to NO days off
•Little to NO free time
•Pros
of Apprenticeship:
•ONLY
way to become an artisan
•Artisan:
•A
skilled worker who makes thinks by hand
•Rope maker
•Blacksmith
•Carpenter
•Young Surgeons
•Great
need for apprentices during early to mid 1700’s
•Mostly
boys, but…
•Also girls (cooking & sewing trades)
•Little to NO free time
•Not
all became apprentices
•Many
worked on family farms
•New
England:
•Products
from the forest and the sea to make…
•houses
•ships
•barrels
Many products were exported, like timber to England…
Most of the forests had already been cut down there
•Middle
Colonies
•Products
from the farm products and the
valuable minerals
•Wheat (remember “Breadbasket of the colonies”)
•Grain (ground into flour at mills)
•iron
•Southern
Colonies
•Products
from the farm products and the valuable
minerals (all cash crops)
•tobacco
•rice
•indigo( plant used to make blue dye)
•From
small family farms to large
plantations
•Slaves powered plantations
•Charleston:
•As
the economy grew, cities became thriving trading centers
•An
important part of colonial trade was slave
trade
•We
will see a video on this later so we can understand this concept better
•Triangular
Trade Route:
•is
a historical term indicating trade among three ports or regions.
Triangular trade thus provides a method for rectifying trade
imbalances between regions
Takes a
triangular
shape on
maps
https://www.
youtube.com/
watch?v=pYfC
RRNxX2o
•New
England
•Carried
guns & other goods (like rum)
•West
Africa
•Traded
these goods for gold & captive Africans
•West
Indies
•Traded
these goods for sugar & molasses (for rum) & kept some
captive Africans for the colonies
•Known
as the “Middle Passage” because it was the shortest
•Plantations:
•Many
of the African slaves stayed in the West Indies & worked
on sugar plantations
•Some worked on colonial plantations also
Lesson 2: Cities, Towns, & and Farms
Studies 5th Grade
Mr. Vida
Name the famous resident and also the name
the east coast city that he moved to in 1723
(hint: had the largest population of colonial
cities in 1760). Also, list the four things that
he established there?
Name the famous resident and also the name the east coast city that he
moved to in 1723 (hint: had the largest population of colonial cities in
1760). Also, list the four things that he established there?
Write your answers here:
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Philadelphia
Philadelphia
Philadelphia
•Benjamin
•Wanted
Franklin:
to be a printer
•Printing businesses were only found in cities
•Could not find work in his hometown of
Boston; looked elsewhere
•Arrived in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in 1723
•Accomplishments:
•Founded
the city’s 1st newspaper
•Established 1st public library
•Established the 1st hospital
•Started the 1st volunteer fire department in the 13
colonies
•Philadelphia
Pennsylvania:
•A
Growing, diverse population
•People of different ethnic backgrounds and religions
•Busy port on the Delaware River
•Most importantly to Franklin, a printer who gave him
a job!
•Largest
•About
city of the 13 Colonies in mid-1700’s!
23,000 residents
Largest city of the 13 Colonies in mid-1700’s!
•Self-Sufficient:
•Means
they relied on themselves for what they needed
•Food came from fields surrounding town
•Workshops found in town common
•For blacksmith, cooper, & shoemaker
•Town-common
•An
open space where cattle and sheep could graze
•Meeting
House
•The most important building in town
•Where citizens could make decisions at
attend church on Sundays
town meetings and
•Southern
Plantations
•Though there
were many small farms in the south,
Plantations were:
•Larger
•Also like towns, were self-sufficient
•Most work done by captive slaves
•Cash crops were grown, like:
•Tobacco
•Rice
•Indigo
•Planters
•Wealthy
owners of plantations (Mostly men, some women)
•Eliza
Lucas Pinckney
•One of the women Planters
•1st person in the 13 Colonies to
raise indigo
•Overseer
•Plantation manager that
gave slaves their orders
•Slaves
•Could be beaten as punishment
•Many worked morning to night, planting and harvesting crops
•Women and children cooked and cleaned in the planters house
•Also worked in blacksmith, carpentry, smokehouses, bakeries,
laundry buildings and stables
•From
New Hampshire to Georgia…
•Most
colonists, free and slave, lived on small
family farms
•All had one thing in common… Hard work!
•Had to make and grow most of what they
needed
Lesson 3: Everyday Life in the Colonies
Studies 5th Grade
Mr. Vida
How were schools in colonial times
different from schools today?
How were schools in colonial times different from schools today?
Write your answers here:
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Going to school, attending religious
services, and reading for news and
entertainment were important part of
everyday life in the colonies.
•Education
was very important in early New England:
•In
1647, the leaders of Massachusetts passed a law requiring towns to
establish free public schools.
•Free schools DID NOT exist in Europe at this time
•Schools
of the early colonies
•Most
schools just had ONE room
•Students of DIFFERENT ages sat together
•Like today, they also learned three of the basics:
•READING
•WRITING
•ARITHMITIC
•George
•Was
Washington:
a young student in a Virginia school
•Students like him learned rules of polite behavior
•Educational
•When
life of most students:
they reached their early teen years, many boys
& girls began working full time on family farms.
•Others began apprenticeships.
•Only a small percentage went to college.
•Harvard:
•Established
near Boston, Massachusetts in 1636
•Oldest college in the United States
•College
•The
of William and Mary:
next college to open was in Virginia, in 1693
•Out
of schools for children in the early colonies
•Spent
a lot of time doing chores at home & on family farms
•Had less free time than children today
•Fun games & sports they played
•Danced
•Hide & Seek
•Tag
•Climbed trees
•Swimming
•Kites
•Ice skating & sledding
•Several
colonies established for religious freedom
•Many
colonists continued to come as religious refugees from Europe
•Many Jews came to the 13 colonies & settled in:
• Rhode Island.
•New York
•South Carolina
•Jews
in Newport, Rhode Island built the 1st synagogue in the U.S.
•The
Great Awakening was a important religious movement
for Christians which began in the 1730’s
•This
movement “awakened” or revived many colonists interested in religion
•This was led by Protestants
•Preachers traveled from town to town and held outside services because of the sizes
•George
Whitefield was one of the Great Awakening leaders
•Trained
at one of the many new churches and colleges
established to train ministers
•Traveled the colonies collecting money to build orphanages in
Georgia
•Benjamin Franklin gave him all the money he had on him after
hearing preach in Philadelphia in 1739
•Boston
News-Letter:
•1st
newspaper in the 13 colonies to be published on a regular
basis
•By the 1770’s, there were dozens of newspapers
•John
Peter Zenger:
•Was
a printer
•Thrown in jail in New York 1734 for printing his political opinions
•This newspaper was known as the New York Weekly Journal.
•Poor
Richards Almanac:
•Benjamin
Franklins publication
•One of the most popular books in the 13 colonies
•ONLY The Bible sold more copies during this time
•Almanac:
•This
is a reference book with facts and figures
•Reading
& letter writing were important activities for colonists
•Letters
were folded & sealed with melted wax
•Envelopes were seen as a waste of paper
•Letters helped colonists keep in touch far apart
•Colonists
used corn, learned from Native Americans to make:
•bread
•puddings
•Pancakes
•Other
•Fish
foods:
or meat stews with vegetables seasoned with salt and pepper
•Deserts
•Ice
served with maple syrup
were also common in the colonies:
cream
•Doughnuts
•Fruit Pies
Lesson 4: Everyday Life in the Colonies
Studies 5th Grade
Mr. Vida
Do you think slavery was as important to the
economic growth of the Northern Colonies
as it was to the Southern Colonies? How can
you tell?
Do you think slavery was as important to the economic growth of the
Northern Colonies as it was to the Southern Colonies? How can you
tell?
Write your answers here:
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•Remember: An important part of colonial trade was slave
•http://www.history.com/shows/mankind-the-story-of-all-of-us/videos/african-slave-trade
trade
•Slavery
can be traced back to the earliest records, such as The Code of Hammurabi
which is a well-preserved Babylonian law code of ancient Mesopotamia, dating back to
about 1754 BC
•Venture
Smith
•Told the story of his life in a 1798 published book
•Enslaved at age 6 from West Africa & shipped to New
England
•Worked extra jobs & after 30 years, bought his & his family’s
freedom
New England & Middle Colonies
•Work
– some on farms, but most worked in stores,
inns, homes & as skilled artisans
•More opportunities in north. Some could earn
wages to buy their freedom from extra jobs
•Travel
•Even
restrictions
in the North, could not travel or go on a ship
without written permission
•Colonist passed these laws to make it difficult for
escape
•Some
slaves were held on small farms or in cities but most
were forced to work on huge plantations
•West
African slaves brought a variety of skills to Southern
Plantations
•Growing
rice (Carolinas)
•Carpenters
•Blacksmiths
•tailors
•Still
work lasted all day & many times night & families
struggled to stay together (broke up & sold)
•Enslaved
people kept African culture alive
through music:
•Made
•Some
drums, banjos, and other instruments
Southern colonies banned these for fear
slaves were using these to send secret
messages
•Olaudah
Equiano:
•1756, brought to North America on a trading
ship
•Later gain freedom, and wrote a book about his
life; published in 1789
•Demanded readers think about the evils of
slavery
•“…[breaks]
that first natural right of mankind, equality & independence”
•Enslaved
people resisted by working slowly,
breaking tools, pretending to be sick, or
attempting escapes
•Stono
Rebellion (1739):
•Group of slaves fought slave owners
•Stono River, South Carolina
•25 white colonist killed; slaves were executed