Music
THE ART OR SCIENCE OF COMBINING VOCAL
O R I N S T R U M E N TA L S O U N D S T O P R O D U C E
B E A U T Y O F F O R M , H A R M O N Y, A N D
EXPRESSION OF EMOTION. IT IS THE VOCAL
O R I N S T R U M E N TA L S O U N D P R O D U C E D I N
M A N Y WAY S
History of Music
 "Music History" is the distinct subfield of musicology
and history which studies music from a chronological
perspective.
 Music is found in every known culture, past and
present, varying wildly between times and places.
 Since all people of the world, including the most
isolated tribal groups, have a form of music, it may be
concluded that music is likely to have been present in
the ancestral population prior to the dispersal of
humans around the world.
History Continued
 Consequently music may have been in existence for at
least 50,000 years and the first music may have been
invented in Africa and then evolved to become a
fundamental constituent of human life
 A culture's music is influenced by all other aspects of that
culture, including social and economic organization and
experience, climate, and access to technology. The
emotions and ideas that music expresses, the situations
in which music is played and listened to, and the attitudes
toward music players and composers all vary between
regions and periods.
Classical Music
• Started roughly around the 11th
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Century
The term “classical music” did not
appear until the 19th century.
The period from Johann Sebastian
Bach to Beethoven is known as the
golden age.
“Classical music” means music that
will not be forgotten soon after it is
written, but is likely to be enjoyed
by many future generations
Considered standard music of the
Western World
Classical Music During Different Times
Middle Ages- Music was all vocal and only used in
churches.
Renaissance- Mostly Vocal but accompanied by some
instruments. Massive increase of composition of music
during this period.
Baroque Period- The modern orchestra was formed.
Classical Period- Composers were influenced by Ancient
Greeks and Romans. The symphony was invented.
Romantic Period- Composers used forms of music already
invented, but they found emotion and personal feeling
very important. Music told a story.
20th Century- Composers found new ways of writing
which was not necessarily tonal (in a specific key).
Major Composers
 Johann Sebastian Bach
 Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
 Ludwig van Beethoven
 Claude Debussy
 Igor Stravinsky
How Rap Music Evolved
•R A P M U S I C E V O LV E D F R O M A
TRADITION OF STORYTELLING
T H R O U G H S O N G T H AT E X P R E S S E S
T H E F L A V O R O F L AT I N O A N D
AFRICAN AMERICAN STREET
C U LT U R E
•R E C O G N I Z E D A S S U C H I N T H E
L AT E 1 9 7 0 S
•C E R TA I N D J S R E C O G N I Z E D T H E
OPPORTUNITY TO BEGIN TO MAKE
U P P O E T R Y T H AT T H E Y T H E N S E T
TO MUSIC, ADDING THEIR TWO
CENTS TO THE SONGS BEING
P L AY E D . T H I S W A S T H E S E E D
F RO M W H I C H R A P M U S I C WA S
GROWN.
Biggest Names &
major Events
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1974 – 1980 Jamaican Reggae starts “talking” while music is playing trend
1978 Rap music hits the Bronx with two DJ’s spinning turntables at parties
1979 First rap recordings released: “Rappers Delight” by Sugar Hill Gang and “Superrappin” by Grandmaster
Flash and the Furious Five.
1984 “Freshfest” starring Run DMC, Kurtis Blow, Whodini, Newcleus and the Fatboys becomes the first rap
money making concert tour.
1985 Salt N Pepa make their first major appearance to become the original female rap stars
1988 NWA releases “Straight Outta Compton” which marked the beginning of the gangsta rap era. The FBI
sends letters to police nationwide about the song “F the Police” for anti law agitation
1989 Public Enemy’s “Fight the Power” gives the sound track for Spike Lee’s movie “Do the Right Thing”. Both
the song and the film skyrocket the popularity of both artists. A daily version of “Yo MTV Raps!” is aired due to
its increased popularity.
1991 Rodney King beatings stir awareness of racism. Many rappers take up the cause – Chuck D, Ice T, Ice Cube.
Soundscan – monitors point of sale numbers – state that rap artists are now out selling rock
1992 Controversy rises again with Ice T’s “Cop Killer” and the song ends up being withdrawn from the album
1993 Dr. Dre releases “The Chronic” which becomes a multi platinum gangsta rap hit
1996 Tupac Shakur murdered in Las Vegas
1997 Notorious B.I.G. murdered in Los Angeles – much speculation abounds about the West Coast/East Coast
rivalry
1998 Sean “Puff Daddy” Combs hits it big with his lighter, sample driven style of rap music
1999 Eminem releases “The Slim Shady” musical experience and shakes up the world of rap music as one of
the first prominent white rappers from Dr. Dre’s schooling
2000-Present The faces and styles of rap music continue to evolve with no concrete style taking the forefront
as in the gangsta rap era. New talents are coming from all over the country as opposed to just the West and
East coast.
 In the early 1990s, rap music evolved into music
with a strong, definitive message when gangsta rap
took over the rap music stage. This sub-genre
glorified issues, such as street violence, drug use,
the sale of drugs, prejudice, sex and anger.
Gangsta rap was born
out of the east coast,
west coast rivalry
Country Music
DEFINITION: A STYLE AND GENRE OF
L A R G E LY S T R I N G - A C C O M PA N I E D A M E R I C A N
P O P U L A R M U S I C H AV I N G R O OT S I N T H E
FOLK MUSIC OF THE SOUTHEAST AND
C O W B OY M U S I C O F T H E W E S T. T Y P I C A L LY
A C C O M PA N I E D BY A C O U S T I C O R E L EC T R I C
G U I TA R , B A N J O, V I O L I N A N D H A R M O N I C A
Start
of
it
all
 Country music first emerged in the 1900’s
- Signing about protest, slavery, war, life
 Began in the rural Southern United States
 Country first became well known in the 1920’s, making it onto radio, making it to
TV in the 50’s
 Known as “Old Time”, “Hillbilly”, “Folk”
 Raised ideas for new types of dance- Square dance and line dance
 Raised a new design for other types of music
Timeline of the 1900’s
 1923 Hank Williams Born- Hiram King "Hank" Williams is born in Olive, Alabama.
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Hank Williams will become country music's greatest icon and most imitated
performer
1924 Vocalion Starts "Hillbilly" Series- The Vocalion company starts a series
called "Special Records for Southern States" that will issue "hillbilly" records
1932 The Queen of Country Music is Born-Virginia Hensley, who will later be
called Patsy Cline, is born in Winchester, VA. She will become the most influential
female country artist of all time
1944 Billboard Recognizes "Folk" Music- The year's first issue of Billboard
magazine introduces a "folk" chart that mixes country, jazz, and blues
1954 Elvis Debuts-Elvis Presley makes his recording debut on Sun Records with an
electrifying mix of gospel, R&B, and country tunes
1959 The Opry Rules the Airwaves-A reader poll by Radio Mirror announces that
Grand Ole Opry is America's favorite radio program
Today's Country
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George Strait
Garth Brooks
Reba McEntire
Alan Jackson
Tim McGraw
Kenny Chesney
Toby Keith
Taylor Swift
oToday’s country music is focused on life
and having a good time!
oGrand Ol’ Opry is still used
oCMT, AMC are the biggest broadcasters
of country music
oSecond most listened to genre
o Country has came a long way since the
beginning, every year getting more
popular
POP MUSIC
How Pop Evolved
 Originated in its modern form in the 1950s
 People define pop music as "a body of music which is
distinguishable from popular, jazz and folk music's".
 Pop is a wide term, though it's considered to be short for
"popular"
 Pop music, as a genre, that often borrows elements from other
styles throughout its course such as Urban, Dance, Rock, Latin
and Country.
 Pop music is "hook-filled" where songs are most likely to be
stuck in your head.
POP MUSIC
 Pop music is generally thought of as a genre which is
commercially recorded and desires to appeal to a mass
audience.
 In the early 1980s, the promotion of pop music was greatly
affected by the rise of Music Television channels like MTV,
which favored those artists such as Michael Jackson and
Madonna who had a strong visual appeal.
Rock
 In early 50’s became known as swing music
 Earliest form of rock music originated in
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the early 1940’s and 50’s in the United
States
Became start of new musical movement for
the entire world
Combined all forms of music like Jazz,
Classical, and Big Band music
Opened the doors to new ideas in music
People started listening and enjoying music
more
Changed the way people acted in society,
people became “free” from their old ways
and started protesting things they
disagreed with, something that never
happened before
Revolutionized cultures all over the world
Bob Dylan
Early rock
music was
known as
“swing music”
Swing music
was “dance
music” in the
50’s
The Beatles
became icons
around the world
Became the face
of rock and roll
Inspired
thousands of
artists all over
the world
Rock evolved
from Big Band
Music from the
1920’s
Led Zeppelin was
considered the first “
rock metal” band
Heaviest form of music
at the time
These early artists
inspired current
bands like The
Strokes
Elvis, known
as the king of
rock, is a
cultural icon
for the U.S
Jimi Hendrix became
face of “hippie”
movement
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Jazz is a mix of American and European
classical with a twist of African and
slave folk music.
Jazz became popular in the black
communities during the 1920’s,
throughout the southern part of the
U.S.
At first Jazz was considered low class
entertainment until the 1920’s.
In the early 1800’s slaves were brought
from Africa and with them came great
musical influences. Slaves were the
first ones to introduce the concept of
Jazz.
In jazz the skilled performer will
interpret a tune in very individual
ways, never playing the same
composition exactly the same way
twice
• First hit dated back to 1895
by Ernest Hogan.
• Louis Armstrong- popular
in the 1920’s during
prohibition.
• Ray Charles- Blind jazz
artist that was big in the
1950’s.
• Jamie Cullum- famous jazz
performer today.