Name_______________________________________________________________ Period ___________
Skeletal System Exam Review
1. Name the five functions of the skeletal system. What is hematopoesis?
Framework of the body
Supports and protects the internal organs
Facilitates Movement
Mineral storage: calcium and phosphorus
Hematopoiesis: Formation of blood
2. What are the two divisions of the skeletal system? How many bones does an adult have in their
body? Appendicular System and Axial System
206 bones in the adult human body
3. What are the four types of bone? Give two examples of each.
Long bone: Femur, tibia, fibula, humerus, ulna, radius, clavicle
Flat Bones: Cranial Bones, Facial Bones, Scapula, Sternum
Short bones: Carpals, tarsals, metacarpals, metatarsals, phalanges
Irregular bone: Vertebrae, Ribs, Ear, Hip, Hyoid
4. What are the four types of joints? Give an example of each.
Pivot: top of the neck
Hinge: elbow, knee
Ball & Socket: shoulder and hip
Gliding: intercarpal joints
5. What are the three types of connective tissue? Describe the function of each.
Cartilage: allows joints to move easily, cushions bones, and supports soft tissue.
Ligament: holds bones in place at the joints
Tendon: joins muscle to muscle or muscle to bone.
6. The vertebral column is divided into five sections. Name them in order from neck to tail bone.
Cervical Vertebrae
Thoracic Vertebrae
Lumbar Vertebrae
Sacrum
Coccyx
7. What is the difference between and open and closed fracture?
Open fracture is when a bone end penetrate the skin.
Closed fracture is a fracture that does not break the skin.
8. What is osteoporosis? How is it treated/prevented?
Osteoporosis is a condition in which bones become fragile and more likely to break. It can be prevented
by getting enough calcium. A medication that can be used are called bisphosphonates like Fosamax and
Boniva.
9. What population is usually affected by osteoporosis?
Often seen in postmenopausal women because they experience a rapid decline in estrogen secretion
10. What is osteoarthritis? What connective tissue is wearing away?
Osteoarthritis is a joint disorder when the cartilage is wearing away.
11. What medications can be used to treat arthritis?
NSAIDS (Non-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs): used to treat inflammation and pain from arthritis.
Examples: Ibuprofen, Naproxen
12. What is osteomyelitis? How is it treated?
Osteomyelitis is bone marrow inflammation caused by a pus forming bacteria. It is fatal if not treated
with antibiotics.
13. Insufficient Vitamin D can lead to a childhood condition of osteomalacia that is called
____Rickets____________.
14. What is rheumatoid arthritis? How is it treated?
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that leads to inflammation of the joints and
surrounding tissues. Autoimmune mean that the body’s own immune system is attacking the joints.
It can be treated by NSAIDs.
15. What is gout?
Gout is a disease that results from an overload of uric acid in the body. Chronic gout can also lead to
deposits of hard lumps of uric acid in and around the joints and may cause joint destruction.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Cranium
Mandible
Clavicle
Sternum
Humerous
Ribs
Vertebral column
Pelvis
Radius
Ulna
11. Carpals
12. Metacarpal
13. Phalanges
14. Femur
15. Patella
16. Tibia
17. Fibula
18. Tarsals
19. Metatarsals
20. Phalanges