1. Build a molecule of ethane, ethene and
ethyne.
2. Build a molecule of butane and then build
an isomer of butane (isobutane).
Polymers
Carbon-based compounds
Polymers
Carbon-based compounds
1.
INFER:
1. How does JELLO (a carbon-based compound)
become a solid?
2. How does your body produce hair, muscle
and skin?
3. How can they make a solid plastic out of
liquid petroleum, or rubber out of liquid
sap?
MOLECULES OF LIFE
We are all CBLF’s (carbon-based life forms)
•CARBON CAN FORM AN INCREDIBLE VARIETY OF
MOLECULES!!!
BASIC STRUCTURAL FEATURES:
A. MULTIPLE BONDS
•SINGLE BONDS: -ane
•DOUBLE BONDS: - ene
•TRIPLE BONDS: -yne
B. STRAIGHT OR BRANCHED CHAINS
C. ISOMERS
D. RINGS - Aromatics
Each corner represents a carbon atom.
Ring size can vary from three to eight.
POLYMERS
• Carbon atoms can bond to one another in chains to Polyethylene
form a variety of structures, including fossil fuels
such as coal, synthetic polymers such as plastics, and
the large molecules of life, such as proteins and
lipids.
Lipid
Molecular structure of Coal
All of this allows Carbon to create:
GIANT MOLECULES called POLYMERS
100’s to 1000’s of smaller molecules joined together.
Polymers ARE CHAINS OF Monomers joined together.
All of this allows Carbon to create:
GIANT MOLECULES called POLYMERS
100’s to 1000’s of smaller molecules joined together.
Polymers ARE CHAINS OF Monomers joined together.
monomer
polymer
POLYMERS (the whole train) are made out of MONOMERS
(individual cars of the train) joined together.
POLYMERS (Macromolecules)
Carbon Polymers - Journal
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Define “polymer”. Define “monomer”.
Name the 3 main types of polymers and give an
example of each
Draw the structural formula for the monomer
“ethylene” and part of the structural formula for the
polymer “polyethylene”
Define polymerization
What is a “Catalyst”? (use your resources)
Polymers
• Polymerization: When carbon molecules combine
into long chains.
• HOW: This happens when a carbon to carbon
double bond in a monomer is broken and new
single bonds are formed creating a polymer.
http://www.tvo.org/iqm/plastic/animations.html#
Polymers
• Polymerization of polypropylene (propene).
Polymers
Polymerization: (of polyethylene)
Polymers
Polymerization: (of nylon)
Polymers
Living organisms form biopolymers such as
carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids
through polymerization.
POLYMERS
FOUR TYPES OF ORGANIC POLYMERS:
1. CARBOHYDRATES – glucose, bread, pasta
CARBO(C) – HYDRATE(H2O)
2. PROTEINS – muscle, meat, hair, nails
3. LIPIDS – fat, oil, butter
4. NUCLEIC ACIDS – DNA, RNA
>ALL CONTAIN C, H, AND O
>C—C BONDS  ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Polymers: Proteins
Polymerization of a protein: putting simple
monomers together.
Polymers: Proteins
Polymerization of a protein: putting simple
monomers together.
monomer
monomer
monomer
monomer
Where will the monomers JOIN TOGETHER?
Polymers: Proteins
Polymerization of a protein: putting simple
monomers together.
monomer
monomer
monomer
monomer
Where will the monomers JOIN TOGETHER?
Polymers: Proteins
Polymerization of a protein: putting simple
monomers together.
Water drops out to allow the bonds to form.
Polymers: Proteins
Polymerization of a protein: putting simple
monomers together.
Polymers
NOT ALL REACTIONS CAN GO BY THEMSELVES.
Catalyst: A chemical substance that STARTS or
INCREASES the rate of a reaction without being
used in the polymer.
http://www.cem.msu.edu/~reusch/VirtualText/mechism/polvincl.htm
Polymers
Catalyst: A chemical substance that increases the
rate of a reaction without being consumed.
Carbon Polymers - Review
1.
2.
3.
4.
Carbon atoms bonded to one another in chains
3 TYPES: fossil fuels, synthetic polymers, and
biopolymers
Formed through a process called polymerization
Catalyst: STARTS or INCREASES the rate of the
reaction without being used up
Carbon Polymers - Journal
1. Come in
2. Have a seat
3. Silently read the article from the back
Carbon Polymers - Journal
1.
Write down the name, and some of the properties
of the plastic on your desk.
2. Quick draw an image of both the monomer and
polymer of ethylene.
3. Re-Read the Polymer Lab Sheet from the back of
the room.
4. Choose which test (tensile, abrasion, puncture) that
you would want to run, and begin filling out the
back of the sheet.