IMPROVING STUDENTS’ SPEAKING SKILLS LOGO
THROUGH YAHOO MESSENGER AT
UNIVERSITY OF IQRA BURU
Saidna Zulfiqar Bin Tahir
10B01033
STATE UNIVERSITY OF MAKASSAR
2012
BACKGROUND
Tool of Communication
English has became a compulsory subject
(SD-4th, SMP, SMU)
Many students can not communicate
in English well
Lack of Opportunity to
practice
Decreasing of interest in
joining speaking class
ICT
CALL &
CMC
YM
PROBLEM STATEMENT
1
2
• Does the application of Yahoo Messenger
improve the students’ speaking skills at
English and Literature Department of
University of Iqra Buru (UNIQBU)?
• Are the students of English and Literature
Department at University of Iqra Buru
(UNIQBU) interested in joining the
speaking class through Yahoo Messenger?
OBJECTIVE OF THE RESEARCH
To find out:
Whether or not
the use of Yahoo
Messenger
improve the
students’
speaking skills.
Whether or not
the use of Yahoo
Messenger
increase the
students’ interest
in joining the
speaking class.
SIGNIFICANCES OF THE RESEARCH
Theoretically
• This study will hopefully stimulate the teachers to
be creative to develop and explore interesting
media in teaching speaking.
• The result of this study is expected to be used by
further researcher as information.
• The result of this research hopefully will gives
useful and helpful information for curriculum
development.
Practically
• It can be used as a model to improve students’
speaking skills, and it may guide, help and
encourage them to express their ideas, opinion,
and thought oral presentation, and also to interest
them to communicate in English.
SCOPE OF THE RESEARCH
By Discipline
• is under the study of applied linguistics. It is
specified on the use of Yahoo Messenger chat as
a medium in improving students’ speaking skills to
the second semester students of English and
Literature Department at University of Iqra Buru
Ambon in academic year 2011/2012.
By Content
• this research emphasized on speaking skills,
they
are,
accuracy,
fluency,
and
comprehensibility, also the students’ interest.
By Activity
• the students were taught to use Yahoo
Messenger and made a dialogue in pair
before they conduct voice chat with native or
non native speakers of English.
PREVIOUS RELATED FINDINGS
1
2
• Syaukani (2010) did a research with a title “Sistim penerjemah inggrisindonesia pada aplikasi chatting berbasis web menggunakan
pendekatan aturan”
• Israini (2010) conducted a research on “3D chat rooms: creating an online
virtual classroom for EFL teaching and learning activity” reported that online
virtual classroom using Club Cooee could bring students in a different
atmosphere with 3D environment and they will be able to communicate easily
with other people from all over the world
3
• Xiao (2007) conducted a research on title “An Empirical Study of Using Internetbased Desktop Videoconferencing in an EFL setting” and the research result
indicated that the use of Internet-based Desktop Videoconferencing revealed
the participants perceived great improvement in their language proficiency after
10 weeks of talking online with native speakers.
4
• Crolotte (2005) conducted a research on a title “Improving L2 oral
proficiency through on-line chatting” by using one-group pre test and
post test design through MSN messenger.
SOME PERTINENT IDEAS
 Speaking is the ability to use of language in ordinary way of speech.
 Accuracy is the quality of being accurate, exactness, or correctness in
pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar
 Fluency is the ability to speak with others in an easy smooth manner
 Comprehensibility is the process of understanding of the utterances sent by
the speaker done by the listener.
 Teaching speaking refers to the active or productive spoken activities in the
classroom.
 Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is defined as a range of
technological tools and resources used to communicate.
 Yahoo Messenger is a free chat program provided by Yahoo Inc which is
widely used and capable for synchronous communication between two or
more Internet users.
 Interest is readiness or desire to give attention to, be concern with, or learn
about some thing.
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
TEACHING
SPEAKING
YAHOO MESSENGER
VOICE CHAT
SPEAKING SKILLS
ACCURACY
FLUENCY
INTEREST
COMPREHENSIBILITY
RESEARCH DESIGN
This research applied Time-Series Design. It is part of a
Quasi-experimental design.
O1
O2
O3
O4
X
O5
O6
O7
(Gay, 2006: 259)
The figure shows that before conducting the
treatment, a group has been given pretests repeatedly
until pretests score are stable; than the group was
exposed to a treatment and after treatment
implementation, repeatedly post-tested.
O8
POPULATION AND SAMPEL
Population
Sample
• All of the Second semester
students of English and
Literature
Department
at
University of Iqra Buru Ambon
in academic years 2011-2012.
• The number of the students in
second semester of English
and Literature Program as
many as 15 students with one
class.
• Since the population was
absolutely small in number or
the total number of sample
are 15 students with one
class, then all of them have
been involved as the samples
of this research. This sampling
technique by Sugiyono (2010)
was
called
by
Census
Sampling Technique
RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
Speaking Test
Instrument
Students’
Achievement
Observation
Questionnaire
Interest
PROCEDURE OF COLLECTING DATA
• The group has been given
pretest repeatedly (Seri 1,
2, 3, 4) to see their scores
consistence or stable.
• The pretest run for 3 hours
and 20 minutes twice in a
week.
• The data has been rated
by the speaking lecturer
and the dean of Language
and Literature Faculty of
UNIQBU
PRETEST
TREATMENT
• The treatment has
been conducted in 4
meetings
• Each meeting run in 90
minutes divided into 40
minutes of theory and
work in pairs, and 50
minutes of practicing
online voice chat
• The posttest has been
given to the students
after each treatments
series 1, 2, 3, and 4.
• The post test run in 3
hours 20 minutes.
• The data has been
rated by The Speaking
lecturer and the dean of
Language
and
Literature Faculty of
UNIQBU
POSTTEST
TECHNIQUE OF DATA ANALYSIS
Speaking
Test
Pretest &
Posttest
-Accuracy
-Fluency
-Comprehensibility
Score
Classification
Criteria
80 – 100
A
Very Good to Excellent
66 – 79
B
Good
56 – 69
C
Average
41 – 55
D
Poor
≤ 40
E
Very Poor
Adapted from Panduan Penilaian Universitas Iqra Buru, 2008
Score Criteria
of Speaking
(Heaton,
1988)
SC = Gain Score x 100
Max Score
In calculating the mean score,
standard deviation and t-test value
of the students speaking skills
(accuracy, fluency, and
comprehensibility) the researcher
used SPSS program version 17.0.
TECHNIQUE OF DATA ANALYSIS
Questionnaire
Range
Interest
Category
80-100
Very high
60-79
High
40-59
Moderate
20-39
Low
0-19
Very low
Riduwan & Akdon (2009)
Likert Scale
Scoring &
Calculating
In calculating the t-test and
descriptive value and consulting ttable value to see the students’
interest toward teaching speaking
through Yahoo Messenger, the
researcher also used SPSS
program version 17.0.
FINDING AND DISCUSSION
Chart of Each Indicator
300.0
250.0
Students' Score
200.0
150.0
100.0
50.0
0.0
Treatment
Comprehensibility
Fluency
Accuracy
pretest
62.3
48.9
57.8
PRETESTS
69.1
54.4
50.0
61.2
61.2
61.2
65.7
64.5
56.7
postest
82.1
75.6
74.5
POSTTESTS
86.5
77.8
74.5
86.5
81.0
77.7
84.3
81.0
73.4
FINDING AND DISCUSSION
MEAN SCORE OF PRETESTS - POSTTESTS
90.0
80.0
70.0
81.8
79.3
77.1
56.3
57.9
1
2
79.6
64.3
62.5
3
4
60.0
50.0
40.0
30.0
20.0
10.0
0.0
Pretests
PRETESTS
POSTTESTS
Pair 1
Posttests
Mean
56.43
N
15
Std. Deviation
10.20
Std. Error Mean
2.63
75.01
15
5.89
1.52
PRETESTS & POSTTESTS
N
Correlation
Sig.
15
.839
.000
FINDING AND DISCUSSION
The Probability Value of T-Test of the Students’ Achievement on Pretests and
Posttests in Term of Accuracy, Fluency, and Comprehensibility
2 Tailed
Value
(α)
Remarks
11.675
0.00
0.05
Significantly
Different
11.660
0.00
0.05
Significantly
Different
13.860
0.00
0.05
Significantly
Different
T
Pretests and Posttests
(Accuracy)
Pretests and Posttests
(Fluency)
Pretests and Posttests
(Comprehensibility)
The Probability Value of T-Test of the Students’ Achievement in All Series of
Pretests and Posttests
T
All Pretests and
Posttests
18.992
2 Tailed
Value
0.00
(α)
0.05
Remarks
Significantly
Different
FINDING AND DISCUSSION
Time Series
90.0
80.0
70.0
Students' Scores
60.0
50.0
40.0
30.0
20.0
10.0
0.0
score
O1
56.3
O2
O3
PRETESTS
PRETESTS
57.9
64.3
O4
O5
62.5
77.1
O6
O7
POSTTESTS
POSTTESTS
79.3
81.8
O8
79.6
FINDING AND DISCUSSION
The mean score and standard deviation of the students’ interest
Students’ Interest
Mean
Standard Deviation
88.00
5.40
Percentage of Students’ Interest toward Yahoo Messenger
0%
Very
Low
20
%
40
%
Low
60
%
Moderate High
80
%
100
%
Very High
88 (Category Very High)
CONCLUSSIONS
1
2
• The use of Yahoo Messenger voice chat in teaching speaking
improved the students speaking skills in term of accuracy,
fluency, and comprehensibility that is the mean score of the
students’ posttests in Seri 1, 2, 3, and 4 (75.01) are higher
than pretests Seri 1, 2, 3, and 4 (56.43).
• The use of Yahoo Messenger voice chat increased the
students’ interest in joining the speaking class. It was proved
by the mean score based on the questionnaire was 88.00
which were categorized as very high interest based on
interpretation data. This led to the conclusion that the
students have very high interest in speaking through Yahoo
Messenger especially voice chat.
SUGGESTIONS
1
• It is strongly suggested that the teaching speaking through Yahoo Messenger voice chat should
be continually implemented at English and Literature Department of University of Iqra Buru and
also other faculties and universities to improve the students’ speaking skills.
2
• It is strongly suggested for the teachers to use this medium in teaching English in different skills such as
reading, listening and writing that can increase the students’ interest in joining the class because
students can learn English enjoyable and fun through new media that motivated them to study.
3
• The researcher recommends to the next researchers to carry out the research in similar teaching
technique but in different skills such as reading, writing, or listening in different facility provided by Yahoo
Messenger.
4
• In conducting research or teaching and learning process through Yahoo Messenger, teachers
and next researchers should take into consideration the many aspects of online learning. With
more elaborated preparation, more careful monitoring to the places and facilities of computer,
timely adjusting of the project, and cost
5
• To avoid from the saturation or boredom, teachers or next researchers must create many
varieties of classroom activities and mixing between two or more facilities that provided by Yahoo
Messenger.
IMPROVING STUDENTS’ SPEAKING
SKILLS THROUGH YAHOO MESSENGER
AT UNIVERSITY OF IQRA BURU
By: Saidna Zulfiqar bin Tahir, Lc
State University Of Makassar 2011
LOGO