1
RESEARCH PLAN
MASTER OF COMPUTER SCIENCE/INFORMATICS BRAWIJAYA UNIVERSITY
Name
:
Date of birth
:
Periode study
:
Research fields
:
Mayang Anglingsari Putri
1992
Year
Month
31
Day
Even 2014/2015
X
Intelligent Systems
Software Engineering
Media, Game and Mobile
Information-Centric
Technologies
Date of writing
10
Networking
: Agustus 2015
_____________________________________________________________
Research title
: DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM TO CHOOSE THE RIGHT COURSE IN KAMPUNG
INGGRIS PARE USING AHP AND TOPSIS METHODS
Research proposal *) :
Importent : - Content Research are consist of Background of research, Research aims and Methodology (Registrants can improve the
content of Research proposal by them self)
- Format 1.5 space
- Minimum 4 pages paper in English language
DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM TO CHOOSE THE RIGHT COURSE IN KAMPUNG INGGRIS PARE USING
AHP AND TOPSIS METHODS
Mayang Anglingsari Putri, Graduate School of Informatics Engineering, State Polytechnic of Malang
Abstract- Kampung Inggris is an English
Language Institute located in Pare, Kediri. There are
many numbers of prospective applicant and the
determination process for selecting LBB (Tutoring
Institution) that conducted by those prospective students
in Kampung Inggris Pare is still done manually, they
come to one by one LBB directly and enrolling it in. It
means required more time to do this and sometimes does
not match with their necessity. Therefore, the decision
support system for selecting LBB in Kampung Inggris
Pare is needed. With the system called AHP (Analytic
Hierarchy Process) and Technique for Order Preference
by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), it can make
the process of assessment and decision-making becomes
easier. It is one of the methods for decision-making to
determine the best choice from several alternatives with
a variety of criteria. Documenting the data from each
LBB is updated and performed in realtime. The results
of this application is LBB’s ranking based on qualitative
data along with detail information on each ranks to
provide an alternative decisions that help them to choose
the right LBB Kampung Inggris Pare with their
necessity.
Key Word : The decision support system, LBB
Kampung Inggris Pare, AHP, TOPSIS.
I. INTRODUCTION
Kampung Inggris is a place where there is many English
language teaching institution located in Tulungrejo
village, Pare district, Kediri regency. The Courses has
many programs from pronunciation, vocabulary,
speaking, grammar, listening, reading, and others. The
lenght of the courses has many too from week periods,
month periods or even year periods. But generally, it has
two weeks or a month. The students of LBB Kampung
Inggris Pare are come from inside and outside of the
city, even there are many abroad students.
To get an appropriate course with the interests and
abilities for the prospective students is queit
troublesome because they are doing manually by come
directly to the Kampung Inggris Pare and taking the
course application randomly without fair information.
Sometime media online offers inadequate information
about those LBBs also. By so it can not help the fully.
Based on those background, therefore the
necessity of a decision support system to select the right
LBB for them in Kampung Inggis, Pare is needed. We
made the decision support system using the combination
of two methods. It is Analytical Hierarchy Process
(AHP) and Technique for Order Preference by
Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). The results of
this application is LBB’s ranking based on qualitative
data along with detail information on each ranks to
provide an alternative decisions that help them to choose
the right LBB Kampung Inggris Pare with their
necessity.
II. REVIEW OF LITERATURE
A. Kampung Inggris Pare
Kampung Inggris is a place where there is many
English language teaching institution located in
Tulungrejo village, Pare district, Kediri regency. There
are so many courses to attend that the students can
choose. Each institution has rules and price range.
However, there are some popular institutions with it’s
expertise in particular.
B. Decision Support Systems (DSS)
Decision Support Systems (DSS) is a system to
support decision-makers in order to expand their
capabilities, but not to substitute their judgment.
(Kusumadewi dan Purnomo, 2010:1).
A decision support system is a system that
gives support to the decision makers in solving a semistructured problems by providing advice on certain
decisions.
C.
AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process)
The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), introduced
by Thomas Saaty (1980), is an effective tool for dealing
with complex decision making, and may aid the decision
maker to set priorities and make the best decision. By
reducing complex decisions to a series of pairwise
comparisons, and then synthesizing the results, the AHP
helps to capture both subjective and objective aspects of
a decision. In addition, the AHP incorporates a useful
technique for checking the consistency of the decision
maker’s evaluations, thus reducing the bias in the
decision making process.
The procedure for using the AHP can be summarized
as bellow :
a.
Model the problem as a hierarchy
Model the problem as a hierarchy containing the
decision goal, the alternatives for reaching it, and the
criteria for evaluating the alternatives.
A complex system can be understood by breaking it
down into elements that support, arrange elements in a
hierarchy, and combine.
Figure 1
Hierarchy in the AHP
a. Criteria and alternative
Criteria and alternatives conducted by paired
comparison. According to Saaty (1988), Values and
the definition of a qualitative opinion can be
measured using a scale comparison analysis table as
in the following table.
Table 1
Saaty’s Grading Scale Pairwise Comparisons
Values
Definition
Two factors equally
important.
1
(equal)
One element is a little
important than the other
3
elements. (moderate)
One Element which one is
more important than the
5
other element.
(strong)
One element is obviously
more important than the
7
other elements.
(very strong)
One element is absolutely
important than other
9
elements.
(extreme)
Values that between two
values adjacent
2,4,6,8
consideration.
The reciprocal of the value
1/(1-9)
of interesting level from 1-9
b. Synthesis of priority
For each criteria and alternatives, should be paired
comparisons (pairwise comparisons). The values of
the relative ratio of the entire alternative criteria can
be adjusted to a predetermined judgment to produce
ratio and priority. Ratios and priority calculated by
manipulating the matrix or through completion of a
mathematical equation.
c. Logical Consistency (KonsistensiLogis)
Consistency has two meanings. First, similar objects
can be grouped according to relevance. Secondly,
the level of relationships between objects based on
specific criteria.
The steps in the method of AHP:
a. Defining the problem and determine the
desired solution, then draw up a hierarchy of
the problems faced.
b. Determining the priority elements.
c. Synthesis.
d. Consistency.
e. Consistency Index (CI).
f. Consistency Ratio (CR).
g. Check the consistency of the hierarchy.
At this stage, the examination of the consistency of
assessment. When the value of consistency is obtained
deviate from the value of the best consistency, then the
process improved or repeated. The formula for
calculating the consistency (Dagdeviren et al, 2009):
Figure 2
Formula of Logical Consistency
The final step is to calculate the Consistency Ratio for
this set of judgements using the CI for the corresponding
value from large samples of matrices of purely random
judgments using the table below, derived from Saaty’s
book, in which the upper row is the order of the random
matrix, and the lower is the corresponding index of
consistency for random judgements.For AHP,
inconsistency level is still acceptable at 10% down. So
if the value of CR ≤ 0.1, then the result is quite good
preference and vice versa, if CR > 0.1 results of the AHP
process and should beheld invalid because the level of
inconsistency repair assessment that is too large which
can lead to an error.
Table 2.
Random Index (RI)
n
RI
2
0.00
3
0.58
4
0.90
5
1.12
6
1.24
7
1.32
8
1.41
9
1.45
10
1.49
11
1.51
12
1.48
13
1.56
14
1.57
15
1.59
D. TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by
Similarity to Ideal Solution)
Basically the decision-making process is to choose an
alternative. TOPSIS based on the concept that the best
alternative was selected not only has the shortest
distance from the positive ideal solution (A+), but also
has the longest distance from the negative ideal solution
(A-)
Steps in TOPSIS method includes:
a. Making normalized decision matrix
b. Making the ratioed normalized decision
matrix
c. Determining the ideal solution matrix of
positive and negative ideal solution matrix
d. Determine the positive ideal and negative
ideal solutions
e. Determining the value for each alternative
There are benefit attributes and cost attributes in the
real problems. In order to measure all attributes in
dimensionless units and facilitate inter-attribute
comparisons, the following formulas are introduced to
normalize each attribute value 𝑥𝑖𝑗 in decision matrix into
a corresponding element 𝑟𝑖𝑗 in normalized decision
matrix given :
𝑥𝑖𝑗
𝑟𝑖𝑗 =
√∑
𝑚
𝑖−1
2
𝑥𝑖𝑗
for benefit attribute i = 1,2,…,m; dan j=1,2,…,n
Determine the positive ideal and negative ideal solutions
(𝑦𝑖𝑗 ) :
𝑦𝑖𝑗 = 𝑥𝑖 𝑟𝑖𝑗 ;
for benefit attribute i = 1,2,…,m; dan j=1,2,…,n
𝐴+ = (𝑦1+ , 𝑦2+ , … , 𝑦𝑛+ )
determined it will produce a ranking that can be used as
a reference or a selection of the prospective students to
determine appropriate LBB for prospective students
who wish to enroll in the English Inggris of Pare.
A. Value criteria using AHP
Preparation of hierarchy or structure of the decision is
made to describe the elements of the system or the
alternative decisions for LBB selection in Kampung
Inggris Pare using AHP can be seen in the picture below.
𝐴− = ( 𝑦1− , 𝑦2− , … , 𝑦𝑛− )
for benefit attribute
𝑚𝑎𝑥𝑖 𝑗𝑖𝑗 ; 𝑖𝑓 𝑗 𝑖𝑠 𝑎𝑡𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑓𝑖𝑡
𝑦𝑗+ = {
𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖 𝑗𝑖𝑗 ; 𝑖𝑓 𝑗 𝑖𝑠 𝑎𝑡𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑠
𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝑖 𝑗𝑖𝑗 ; 𝑖𝑓 𝑗 𝑎𝑡𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑓𝑖𝑡
𝑦𝑗− = {
𝑚𝑎𝑥𝑖 𝑗𝑖𝑗 ; 𝑖𝑓 𝑗 𝑎𝑡𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑠
j = 1,2,…,n
The distance between the alternative 𝐴𝑖 with positive
ideal solution formulated as:
𝑛
𝐷𝑖+ = √∑𝑗=1(𝑦𝑖+ − 𝑦𝑖𝑗 )2
for benefit attribute i = 1,2,…,m
The distance between the alternative 𝐴𝑖 with negative
ideal solution formulated as:
𝑛
𝐷𝑖− = √∑𝑗=1(𝑦𝑖𝑗 − 𝑦𝑖− )2
for benefit attribute i = 1,2,…,m
Prefensi value for each alternative (𝑉𝑖 ) :
𝑉𝑖
𝐷𝑖−
𝐷𝑖− +𝐷𝑖+
Figure 3
The Hierarchy of AHP for to LBB selection
The criteria which is required for LBB selection at
Kampung Inggris Pare as a comparison is as follows:
Table 3
Criteria to choose the courses
Criteria
Definition
Price
Suitability price with facility and
certificates that will obtained
Facility
What facilities are available at LBB
Achievement
Accomplishments ever achieved by
LBB
Location
The strategic location
(for example : close to restaurants,
main roads, public transit, bike rental)
Teacher
teachers with TOELF standard
for benefit attributei = 1,2,…,m
select the alternative with 𝐶𝑖 close to 1. Since 𝑆𝑖 + ≥ 1
and 𝑆𝑖 − ≥ 1 then 𝐶𝑖∊ [0, 1]
First, determine the value of the criteria. and then
calculating it.
Table 4
Calculating the value of criteria.
H
F
P
L TP
H
1
3
1
2
2
F
0,333 1
2
1 0,5
P
1
2
1
2
2
L
0,5
1 0,5 1
2
TP
0,5
2 0,5 0,5 1
3,3
9
5 6,5 7,5
Total
A set of alternatives then can be ranked by preference
according to the descending order of ; in other words,
larger 𝐶𝑖 means better alternative
III. DISCUSSION
In this study, the authors tried to apply AHP-TOPSIS
for LBB selections in Kampung Inggris Pare. TOPSIS
method has the advantage of having a simple concept
and easy to understand, efficient computing and has the
ability to measure the relative performance of
alternatives in the form of a simple mathematical,
however TOPSIS method must have the initial ratio for
further data processing. With the weakness of that the
AHP can help solve these problems by attracting a
variety of considerations in order to develop the ratio or
priority of the existing criteria. The system is expected
to apply AHP-TOPSIS to do the rank that has been
entered on each criteria. From the values that has been
Calculate the normalized decision matrix using AHP.
The normalized value is calculated as:
H
Table 5
Matrix value and number
F
P
L
TP
Total
H
0,3
0,33
0,28
0,3
0,26
1,49
F
0,1
0,11
0,14
0,15
0,06
0,57
P
0,3
0,22
0,28
0,3
0,26
1,38
L
0,15
0,11
0,14
0,15
0,26
0,82
0.1414
0.08111
0.10351
0.02382
0.08289
TP
0,15
0,22
0,14
0,07
0,13
0,72
0.0471
0.08111
0.10351
0.09529
0.12433
0.1885
0.1081
0.13801
0.07147
0.04144
The next step is determining row average
Then determine the positive ideal solution matrix (A+)
and negative ideal solution matrix (A-) is based on the
ratioed normalized rating. Because all the attributes or
criteria in this decision support systems an attribute
profit, the positive ideal solution is a maximum value of
matrix elements in each column of the matrix in Table
10a and 10b below.
Table 6
Row average
Row Average
0.298681318
0.114896214
0.276459096
0.164896214
0.145067155
B. Value alternative using TOPSIS
Then, choose four courses are BEC, SMART,
ELFAST, and Mr.BOB as an alternative. Candidate
value obtained from the comparison between the
candidates based on the criteria. The value of the course
on five criteria is calculated Using Technique for Order
Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS)
Methods.The normalized value is calculated as:
Table 7
Alternative value
Criteria/
Alternative
H
BEC
3
SMART
ELFAST
Mr.Bob
F
r31 =
r41 =
|𝑥1|
𝑥21
|𝑥1|
𝑥31
|𝑥1|
𝑥41
|𝑥1|
=
=
=
A-
Table10b
Ideal Solution Negative
0.188 0.1081 0.13801 0.0952
0.1243
Then determine the distance of each alternative
against the positive ideal solution and negative ideal
solution based on equality as in the table below:
Table 11
Distance Ideal Solution Positive and Negative
D+
P
L
TP
0.134269
0.119311
3
1
3
3
3
3
3
1
2
0.123963
0.129388
0.104734
0.148044
1
3
3
4
3
0.183607
0.086248
4
4
4
3
1
5.916079783
3
= 0.507092553
Then determines the value of the preference for each
alternative based on equality with the final result value
obtained ranking criteria as follows:
V
Table 12
The Results Rank
Hasil
5.916079783
1
0.391505
BEC
5.916079783
4
0.414238
SMART
5.916079783
0.466874
ELFAST
0.363769
Mr.Bob
= 0.169030851
= 0.676123404
The matrix (r) value is calculated as:
IV. IMPLEMENTATION
Table 8
Normalized Matrix (R)
R
0.041
D-
Then make a decision matrix normalized (r) using
the following equation:
|x1| = √32 + 32 + 12 + 42 = 5.916079783
𝑥
3
r11 = 11 =
= 0.507092553
r21 =
A+
Table 10a
Ideal Solution Positive
0.047
0.081
0.034
0.023
0.507
0.457
0.169
0.507
0.625
0.507
0.457
0.507
0.169
0.417
0.169
0.457
0.507
0.676
0.625
0.676
0.609
0.676
0.507
0.208
Then, create the ratioed of normalized decision matrix
(matrix of Y) using the equation. Ratio of criteria taken
from ratioing of the criteria with AHP method.
Table 9
Normalized Matrix (Y)
Y 0.1414 0.08111 0.03450 0.07147 0.12433
Results of the implementation of decision support
systems in Kampung Inggris Pare for selection LBB,
shows the ratio values of criteria.
Figure 4
Ratioing Criteria
Details of the calculation of the value that has been
incorporated in a decision support system in Kampung
Inggris Pare for LBB selection using AHP-TOPSIS
methods by the system and displayed, detailed,
calculated and structured sequence along with an
explanation of each process such as the following.
the average or ratio can be manually without going
through the system. While in figure 8 is the result a table
row
averages
calculated
automatically
and
computerized by the system, results in the same system
can accurately and faster like in the following :
Figure 8
Average Row Results by The System
Figure 5
Details of Criteria Ratio Calculation Process
In addition to displaying details of the calculation, the
system is also capable of displaying consistency value
on ratio, so the ratio of the criteria can be used
consistently and appropriately.
Figure 6
Consistency Ratio
After determining the ratioing of criteria and ratios are
calculated consistent, then the alternative is to determine
the ratio or the ratio of three LBBs candidate was chosen
by the applicant. The process of calculating the ratioing
TOPSIS alternative method of calculation detail is
shown in sequence and structured together with an
explanation of each process.
And the results obtained from the system also displays
the details of the calculation. Display ranking election
results as shown LBB Picture below:
Figure 9
Results of The Ranking
In the system there is also a graph which shows a
comparison of the results of the ranking between LBB
chosen by the applicant. The chart is designed to enable
prospective students to do a comparison between the
value of each tutoring agencies, so that the selection can
be strengthen.
Figure 10
Chart Ranking by The System
Figure 7
Determination of Alternative Reight
The next step is to compare the results can be
manually along with the results obtained in the system
as shown in Table 6. In the table, the result of the row in
V. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion
This application can be obtained several conclusions
as follows:
a. The applications can perform the rank of LBB
selection using a combination of the two
methods, AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process)
and TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference
by Similarity to Ideal Solution) along with
detail on each count to provide an alternative
decision in choosing LBB in Kampung Inggris
Pare.
b. The applications provide assistance in the
selection of LBB in Kampung Inggris Pare
where prospective students can access data
LBB online through the system and do a
comparison so that prospective students do not
need to come directly to the Kampung Inggris
Pare to make comparisons.
c. The applications builted to help prospective
students seeking information LBB which is the
best suits with the necessity of the prospective
students.
B. Suggestion
Then suggestions for the development of this
application are as follows:
a. Using Analytical methods Hiarachy Process
(AHP) Technique for Order Preference by
Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) is not the
only method used in the decision-making to do
ranking for selecting LBB in Kampung Inggris
Pare, it would be nice if trying to compare by
using the other methods to support a decision
in order to obtain better results.
b. For researchers who will develop a decision
support system in Kampung Inggris Pare for
selecting LBB can be developed into a system
that is better and more varied by using different
methods and different software like android.
VI. ACKNOWLEDGMENT
[1] Adriyendi and Yeni Melia (2013): DSS using AHP
in Selection of Lecturer, International Journal of
Advanced Science and Tecnology Volume
52,Pagle. 30-44
[2] Dalu Kilom , Yusuf. B, dan Rusdiyanto
(2012):Sistem Informasi Manajemen Beasiswa ITS
berbasis
Sistem
Pendukung
Keputusan
menggunakan Analytical Hierarchy Process, Jurnal
Teknik POMITS Volume1, Page. 2-6
[3] Iskandar (2009):Penerapan Metode AHP dalam
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Penempatan
Karyawan aplikasi Expect Choice, Jurnal Pelangi
Ilmu Volume 2 No.5,Page, 110-189
[4] Saaty, Thomas L (1993): The Analytical Hierarchy
Process: Planning, Priority Setting, Resource
Allocation. Pittsburgh,University of Pittsburgh Pers
[5] Santiary, Putri Alit Widyastuti. (2012):Sistem
Pendukung Keputusan Cerdas Dalam Penentuan
Penerima Beasiswa, Jurnal Logic. Volume 12(2),
87-91
[6] Susilo, W.R., dan Munadi, E., 2007: Penggunaan
Analitycal Hierarchy ProcessUntuk penyusunan
prioritas
proposal
penelitian,
Jurnal
InformatikaPertanian, Volume 16 No 2, Page 2-5
2
RESEARCH PLAN
MASTER OF COMPUTER SCIENCE/INFORMATICS BRAWIJAYA UNIVERSITY
Name
:
Date of birth
:
Periode study
:
Research fields
:
Mayang Anglingsari Putri
1992
Year
Month
31
Day
Even 2014/2015
X
Intelligent Systems
Software Engineering
Media, Game and Mobile
Information-Centric
Technologies
Date of writing
10
Networking
: November 2015
_____________________________________________________________
Research title
: A design and manufacture of gaming applications "safe drive, stay alive" on
Android-based system.
Research proposal *) :
Importent : - Content Research are consist of Background of research, Research aims and Methodology (Registrants can improve the
content of Research proposal by them self)
- Format 1.5 space
- Minimum 4 pages paper in English language
1. Title
A design and manufacture of gaming applications "safe drive, stay alive" on Android-based
system.
2. Background of Research
The traffic is movement of vehicles, non-motorized vehicles, pedestrians and animals
on the road. The purpose of government is to make it safe, secure, fast, smooth, orderly,
organized, comfortable and efficient through managing and engineering traffic. The procedure
of traffic on the road is set by regulation No. 32 of 2011, 1st subsection about traffic directions,
traffic used priorities, traffic lanes, traffic tracks, and traffic controls in the intersection.
In driving vehicle, we are not only need to know how to drive but also to understand
and controling it in the traffic. It is also necessary to understand the traffic procedures for
turning, entering the intersection, stopping, moving lane, overtaking another vehicle, obeying
traffic signs and traffic lights along the road markings.
An introduction about driving procedures does not have to be given by using vehicle
directly, but it can be through by a game. So that people can learn it while playing it. The
Introduction contains with knowledge about traffic signs and good driving procedures.
Android operating system is using a Linux-based mobile phones such as smart phones
and tablet computers. Android provides an open platform for developers to create their own
applications for various kinds of mobile devices.
Based on those background, therefor we made a game application named “safe drive,
stay alive” based on Android. The game providing about how to be a good driver and how to
know Indonesian traffic signs. It’s different from car racing games from determine the winner.
The winner of this game is not the fastest player who get up first to finish line but they who
get the highest point from who persist in obeying traffic signs.
3. Purpose of Research
The purpose of this research is to introduce a game which contains with knowledge
about traffic signs and good driving procedure through game application with Android-based
game.
4. Issue of Research
The issue of this research is how to design and manufacture game applications "safe
drive, stay alive” which can introduce a knowledge about traffic signs and good driving
procedure through game application with Android-based game.
5. Methodology of Research
To make this application, the researcher has to make an interface design, story board, and
the character of the game. Interface design is intended as a communicator between users with
system applications, so that the user can operate the application. While the story board is
intended to illustrate the concept and storyline of an animated story that will be created. And
character is intended to describe the characters in the game.
Game design methods "Safe drive, stay alive" are as follows:
1. Collecting information that concerned with the theme of the application which is done with
interviews, and literature.
2. Making a rule game illustrated through flowchart.
3. Making story board and animation.
4. Making the game and animation.
5. Testing and evaluating the game "Safe drive, stay alive".
6. Making documentation.
General descriptions of the game "Safe drive, stay alive" are as follows:
a. A simulation-typed game
b. A mobile-based game
c. 2D (2 dimension) game
d. Consist of 8 level game, which each level are sustainable and continued
e. Having certain time limit for each level
f. Having “life” facility for each level. It will show a prompt to repeat the game or exit to
the main menu if the “life” runs out
g. Score details will appear when players complete the route
6. Character in game
Character
Information
Police Officer :
Driver’s reminder figure to obey the traffic rules.
Point :
-
The money will be reduced if driver break
the traffic rules
-
The money will be added if driver obey the
traffic rules
Police Car :
Driver’s enemies
Ambulance :
Driver should let it by to get more points
The driver :
The player of the game
Some of Indonesian traffic signs may appear in the
game
This game introduced knowledge about traffic signs and good driving procedure through
game application with Android-based game. It’s created using ActionScript 3.0 with Adobe Flash CS
6 that allowed Adobe AIR (application to run the flash on digital technology devices).