ศตวรรษที่ 21
วัฒนธรรม
การพัฒนาพลเมืองอาเซียน รองร ับ
้
บนพืนฐานความหลากหลายทางพหุ
ผศ.ดร. การดี เลียวไพโรจน์
Thammasat Business Sc
karndee@tbs.tu.ac.th
1
Progress of
the
implementati
on of the
ASCC
Blueprint
2
Group 1: North ASEAN – CLMV
- Emerging economy
- Fast development
- Open to technology and
advance service
Group 2: Muslim Countries
- Muslim countries
- Urbanization
- Modern lifestyle
Group 3: Global / International
Countries
- Urbanization
- Modern and sophisiticated lifestyle
- Western lifestyle
Cambodia
•
•
•
•
Growing economy
Rising middle class
Price sensitive
Luxury products among the
riches and politicians
Peaceful and Conservative but yet Open-Minded
Laos PDR
Simple & Easy Going
Family Oriented
Friendly Society
Growing City – More Construction
7
Very Socializing. Infrastructure on the Way
Myanmar
Places to Hangout
Booming Property & Construction
Decent Service & Products for Expats
8
Urbanization in Ho Chi Min City
Vietnam
9
Faces of The Future
Anything for the Brighter Future
- Small gap between the poor and the
rich
- Modernization is moving forward
- Urbanization
- Materialistic
- Fashion and IT products
- Similar to China before modernization
Malaysia
• A growing market that is about to
achieve developed nation status
• The world’s largest Islamic financial
market
• 80% of population – Middle and
upper classes
Indonesia
• World’s largest Muslim country
• Very flexible with changes in lifestyle
including food culture
• Jakarta – large number of foreign
brand stores
• Convenient seeker – fashion – IT
Products
Peaceful Lifestyle
Brunei Darussalam
High income but not many
places to spend
No Nightlife
Excitement seeker
12
Philippines
• Men – unskilled job; Women
– Managerial position
• Price – quality sensitive
Singapore
•
•
•
•
•
Singapore – most innovative cities
Outstanding infrastructure
Become more ‘work-life balance’
Aging society
Lowest ‘food security’ in ASEAN
7 Major ASEAN Social Factors & Trends
1
Influx of foreign investment and increasing
job opportunity
2
Urbanization & migration in ASEAN
3
Rise of ASEAN middle class and new riches
4
Expansion of IT & social media
5
Greying ASEAN
6
Women Advancement
7
Culture Coaliation
15
7 Major ASEAN Social Factors & Trends
are reshaping ASEAN societies and way of life
1
Influx of foreign investment and increasing job opportunity
• Domestic impact of
internationalization raises
awareness of self & international
cultures
• Diverse workface & talent pools
• Resource exploitation
• ASEAN needs to orchestrate the
rapid growth
How we are in ASEAN Community? | Karndee Leopairote| Thammasat
Business School | All Right Reserved 2013
7 Major ASEAN Social Factors & Trends
are reshaping ASEAN societies and way of life
2
Urbanization & migration in ASEAN
• Lao PRD posts largest growth
• Urban area – the engine room of
economic growth
• The ASEAN cities are growing faster than
infrastrcuture
• Expanding urbanization creates waves of
new ASEAN consumers
• New gen is more environmental friendly
than the older gen
How we are in ASEAN Community? | Karndee Leopairote| Thammasat
Business School | All Right Reserved 2013
7 Major ASEAN Social Factors & Trends
are reshaping ASEAN societies and way of life
3
Rise of ASEAN middle class and new riches
• Booming consumer products/services
– technology products
• Driver of entrepreneruship and
innovation
• Spending than saving – risk of
household debt and financial
vulnerability
7 Major ASEAN Social Factors & Trends
are reshaping ASEAN societies and way of life
ASEAN Social Factors & Trends
Expansion of IT & social media
• Fast growing internet users and penetration
• Borderless source of knowledge
• Rise of digital consumers and entrepreneurs &
business
• Social participation & culture integration
• Privacy invasion
How we are in ASEAN Community? | Karndee Leopairote| Thammasat
Business School | All Right Reserved 2013
4
7 Major ASEAN Social Factors & Trends
are reshaping ASEAN societies and way of life
Greying ASEAN
• Especially in Singapore, Thailand, and
Vietnam
• Working after retirement age
• Coping with producitivty issue – SG
• Coping with healthcare and well being
5
7 Major ASEAN Social Factors & Trends
are reshaping ASEAN societies and way of life
Women Advancement
• Balancing between work and family
• Family responsibilities – constraints to
choice of career
• New work model
6
7 Major ASEAN Social Factors & Trends
are reshaping ASEAN societies and way of life
7
Culture Coaliation
• Multicultural work place
• Diverse workforce: different values
& etiquettes
• Better be adaptable
Thai new gen still lack of critical attributes
Minset
•
•
Open mind to culture diversity
Adaptability to dynamic environments
Work behavior
•
•
•
Taking initiatives
Accepting failure
Life mastery with career aspiration
Thinking Skills
•
•
Critical thinking & problem solving skills
Life long learning
Communication Skills
•
•
Communication barrier in both native
and foreign languages
Roadblock for future opportunity
Paper 1.1 – New Generation of Thais as ASEAN Citizen | Karndee Leopairote,
PhD
23
Recommendations
Improve foreign language and communcation skills
Structural initiatives: Program customization
• Each school should have an authority, sufficient resources, and tangible supports from
the government in order to tailor lessons and appropriate teaching facilities for its unique
strengths and weaknesses of the students.
Flagship and quick win initiatives: Teaching resource investment
• Investing in hiring English native speakers to all schools,
• Overhauling the English lesson books,
• Stressing on natural learning process for foreign communication rather than beating high
score in the exam.
Paper 1.1 – New Generation of Thais as ASEAN Citizen | Karndee Leopairote,
PhD
24
Recommendations
Promote the cultural diversity and sense of collaboration
Structural initiatives: Shifting focal point from ‘me’ to ‘us’
• History lesson – understanding cause and effects
• Promoting the sense of region; regional and global perspective
Flagship and quick win initiatives: Change agents to create impact
• ASEAN student exchange program; ASEAN teacher exchange program; Virtual ASEAN
classroom; Class field trip to the neighboring countries.
• These change makers, though it may start small, can eventually absorb the culture
diversity and somehow transfer the experience to the larger group
Promote the cultural diversity and sense of collaboration
Structural initiatives: Promote thinking skill and systematic problem solving skill since very
young age – In response to the rise ASEAN social trends, the new generation must be well
equipped with skills to respond to those changes.
Paper 1.1 – New Generation of Thais as ASEAN Citizen | Karndee Leopairote,
PhD
25
Implications to Thailand’s Human Resource
Work productivity is not improving fast
enough
Higher labor mobility brings both
opportunities and challenges
Although there have been a noticeable
improvement in labor productivity of
ASEAN countries and in Thailand over the
past decade, the productivity in China
and India has grown in much faster rate.
More competitive country will gain the
benefit from brain-gain where the less
competitive country will encounter the
brain-drain scenario
With the wage hike but relative low
productivity
Significant proportion of self-employment
and growing start-up entrepreneurs
•
The tangible direction should be set and
focus on increasing work productivity with
innovation and technology.
•
Systematic action should be done to
shift those from informal sector to
formal sector.
Development of entrepreneurship skill
and innovation capability are urgently
required
Paper 1.2 – New Challenges in Human Development: Leveraging the ASEAN
Human Resources to Address National Gaps | Karndee Leopairote, PhD
26
Current issues of Thai Human Resource
Education attainment and employability
Work behavior and discipline in
multicultural workplace
• Growing needs for lower secondary
education level in industry and service
sectors
• Growing needs for higher secondary
education level in agricultural sector
• Labor demand is growing in the same
domain – the industries are not moving up
the value chain
• Thai labor market across all sectors still rely
on the low-skilled worker and laborintensive activity
• Communication barrier
• Thai workers are still far from being the
leader
• Passive and not arguable
• Confrontation and critism avoidance
value
• Singaporean – confidence &
commitment; Malaysia – systematic;
Vietnamese – high endurance
Inadequate science and mathematic skills
New generation’s positive attitude towards
entrepreneurship
• Fundamental skills for the future work are
still very poor
• Affects the potential leadership, a source
of greater knowledge and resource and
the potential to create innovation
• Evidence of business internationalization –
6 times larger proportion from 2007
• Growing young social entreprenuers
• Cash flow – common constraint for startup
• Lack of innovation in business – still in ‘metoo’ business
Paper 1.2 – New Challenges in Human Development: Leveraging the ASEAN
Human Resources to Address National Gaps | Karndee Leopairote, PhD
27
THANK YOU
karndee@tbs.tu.ac.th