Cellular Respiration!
a crucial exothermic reaction for all living things!
Remember!
Photosynthesis is an Endothermic Reaction
that takes Place in a plants chloroplast
6CO2 + 6H2O + light
REACTANTS
Summarize the steps of Photosynthesis
→
C6H12O6 + 6O2
PRODUCTS
Photosynthesis “Boxes”
Putting it all together
Sunlight
Light Dependent reactions
-Energy from light breaks
up water into 2H and O
and create ATP
-H bonds to the hydrogen
carrier (NADP+) to be used
later to become a part of
glucose
H20
02
ADP and NADP+
ATP and NADPH
C02
Light independent reactions
-Known as the Calvin Cycle
-Uses the H of NADPH and the
ATP to break down CO2 and
create C6H1206
-Recycles ADP and NADP+ as
waste products to be used
again
C6H1206
What is Photosynthesis?
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants make
food, using energy from sunlight to convert carbon
dioxide and water into sugar.
What is the Purpose of
Photosynthesis?
●To make food for the plant (food in the form of glucose, a
type of sugar).
Why is photosynthesis important to all life?
Plants make food
(glucose, a type of
sugar) through a
process called
photosynthesis
This sugar
(stored energy)
is sent throughout
the plant for
its cells to use
Animals eat a
plant or another
plant-eater
in order to
obtain the energy
originally stored
in plants
Both plants and
animals break down
this sugar into a
form they can use,
in order to release
its stored energy.
This process is called
cellular respiration
Any extra sugar
not used by the
plant is stored
somewhere in the
plant (i.e: roots,
stem, leaves, etc.)
This is how
both plants
and animals
get the
energy they
need to live
and thrive
What is Cellular Respiration?
●Cellular Respiration is the process by which cells,
in plants & animals, use oxygen for breaking down
sugar to release the stored energy.
What is the Purpose
of Cellular Respiration?
●To get cells the energy they need to function.
Why is Cellular Respiration
Necessary in Plants & Animals?
●The energy stored in sugar needs to be released
so that it can be turned to a form useful to cells.
If living things could not get the energy out of
food, food would be absolutely worthless and all
living thing would eventually die.
Why do Cellular Respiration?
why does this equation look familiar?
So what exactly is cellular
respiration?
What goes into Cellular Respiration?
-Glucose and Oxygen
What comes out of Cellular Respiration?
- Carbon Dioxide and Water
-A process that occurs in the
mitochondria of plant and
animal cells
Animals are able to store glucose
very well.
Yet animals are not able to store
gases, such as oxygen and
carbon dioxide. This is why
animals need to breathe all the
time!
With every breath, you take in the
oxygen gas that you need for
cellular respiration. You also
breath out carbon dioxide, the
waste product of the process.
In animals waste products are
released into the blood.
Carbon Dioxide is carried to the
lungs, where it is exchanged for
oxygen in the alveoli (and
eventually exhaled).
Water is carried to the kidneys,
where it is removed in urine.
All living things do cellular
respiration
- Plants
There are 2 types of respiration
- Aerobic Respiration
- oxygen must be present
- Animals
- Bacteria
- Anaerobic Respiration
- takes place in the absence
of oxygen
Aerobic Respiration
- goes through three steps to break
down glucose and make energy
- makes a net of 36 ATP
molecules
- remember: ATP = chemical
energy
Aerobic Respiration Steps
1. Glycolysis
* Makes 2 ATP
1. Kreb’s cycle/
2. Electron transport chain
* Steps 2 & 3 make 34 ATP
Where in the cell does
aerobic cell respiration occur?
Glycolysis
in cytoplasm
Kreb’s cycle/ETC:
in mitochondria
Summarize the Steps!
Kreb’s
Cycle
Anaerobic Respiration
- Also known as fermentation
- Two Types:
- Lactic Acid Fermentation
- Alcoholic Fermentation
- makes a net of 2 ATP molecules
Why would organisms use anaerobic respiration?
Many living things can also make ATP without oxygen.
This is true of some plants and fungi and also of many
bacteria.
These organisms use aerobic respiration when oxygen
is present, but when oxygen is in short supply, they
use anaerobic respiration instead.
some bacteria only use anaerobic respiration.
An important way of making ATP without oxygen is called
fermentation.
It involves glycolysis, but not the other two stages of
aerobic respiration.
Lactic Acid Fermentation
Alcoholic Fermentation
In lactic acid fermentation, pyruvic acid
from glycolysis changes to lactic acid.
In alcoholic fermentation, pyruvic acid
changes to alcohol and carbon dioxide.
This type of fermentation is carried out by the
bacteria in yogurt. It is also used by your own
muscle cells when you work them hard and
fast.
This type of fermentation is carried out by
yeasts and some bacteria. It is used to make
bread, wine, and biofuels.
Summarize the aerobic and
anaerobic respiration